NUMERICAL STUDY OF NON-AQUEOUS PHASE LIQUID TRANSPORT IN A SINGLE FILLED FRACTURE BY LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD

In this article,the Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid(NAPL)transport in the single filled fracture was studied with the Shan-Chen multi-component multiphase Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)with special consideration of wettability effects.With the help of the model,the contact angle of the non-wetting phase and wetting phase interface at a solid wall could be adjusted.By considering a set of appropriate boundary conditions,the fractured conductivity was investigated in condition that the NAPL blocks the channels in the single filled fracture.In order to study the wettability effects on the NAPL transport,a constant driving force was introduced in the Shan-Chen multi-component multiphase LBM.Flow regimes with different wettabilities were discussed.Simulated results show that the LBM is a very instrumental method for simulating and studying the immiscible multiphase flow problems in single filled fracture.     

关于油气开采中岩石表面疏水化与亲水化的探讨

在油田高含水采出阶段,通过注入化学剂改变地层润湿性来改变油水相对渗透率的方法,能够有效减缓含水率的上升,提高原油产量。其实岩石表面的亲水或者疏水并不是造成相对渗透率改变的根本原因,关键是在进行处理时是否增加了原油与岩石间的界面张力,同时还应考虑地层孔隙的表面光滑度、孔隙大小的变化等具体影响原油产量的因素。     

西峰白马区润湿反转剂驱模拟研究

西峰油田白马区长8油藏平均渗透率为0.77×10-3 μm2,属低渗透率油藏,储层岩石润湿性普遍存在中性-偏亲油性.为了提高原油采收率,针对该油藏条件开展了室内润湿反转剂驱实验和数值模拟研究,优选出适合该油藏的最佳驱油方案为:段塞尺寸为0.1倍孔隙体积,段塞组合为1 000 mg/L(0.05 PV) 200 mg/L(0.05 PV).应用润湿反转剂模型预测最佳驱油方案的原油采收率可以达到36.75%,与注水开发相比提高9%左右,润湿反转剂换油率达到538 t/t.可以认为低渗透油藏注润湿反转剂开发是可行的.     

SiCP增强泡沫铝基复合材料制备工艺及润湿性研究

对采用熔体发泡法直接制备碳化硅颗粒增强泡沫铝基复合材料进行了探索，讨论了制备过程中SiCp与铝液间的润湿性、发泡工艺参数与温度控制等对制备工艺的影喻。表明该工艺简单，易于操作，不需任何增粘措施，处理后的SiCp浸润性好且分布均匀，孔洞分布均匀。     

ZnO纳米结构晶体质量对其表面润湿性的影响

利用化学气相沉积法(CVD)在镀有Au(10nm)膜的石英衬底上通过控制O2流量制备不同形貌的纳米结构ZnO,通过X射线衍射(XRD)和变温光致发光谱研究晶体缺陷对ZnO表面润湿性能的影响。结果表明,除表面粗糙度之外,高密度的缺陷对样品表面润湿性能也有很重要的影响,尤其是氧空位缺陷对吸收羟基有利,能够降低ZnO表面自由能,提高其疏水性能。     

Videokeratoscopic assessment of silicone hydrogel contact lens wettability using a new in-vitro method

PurposeThe aim of the study was to assess the surface wettability of new-generation silicone hydrogel (SiH) contact lenses (CLs) videokeratoscopically using a new in-vitro method under office conditions.MethodVideokeratoscopic methodology was used to compare time-dependent CL wettability on an in-vitro cornea model. The model cornea was a polished chrome surface coating a Teflon form. It was prepared with a base curve of 8.7 mm and a diameter of 15 mm. Laboratory temperature and humidity were controlled. Before and after placing CLs on the on the model cornea, Bausch + Lomb Biotrue® multi-purpose solution (MPS) was dropped to simulate the pre-lens and post-lens film layer. Fanfilcon A, Senofilcon A, Samfilcon A, and Lotrafilcon B CLs with -3.00D were used, and images were taken with the videokeratoscopic method for testing. In the control group, the same procedure was performed without placing CLs. The images of CLs at 0, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 s were taken. Distortions and gaps seen in rings were recorded. The areas in rings were calculated in pixels using İmageJ.ResultsWhen CLs were examined, statistical differences were found among average pixel values (p < 0,001). The average pixel value was 131877.4 in the Samfilcon group, 116125.5 in the Senofilcon group, 137893.2 in the Fanfilcon group, 125578.3 in the Lotrafilcon group, and 124984.6 in the control group. No difference was found between the average values of the Lotrafilcon group and the control group. Differences were found between the average values of all other groups.DiscussionThe results obtained showed that videokeratoscopy was an effective method for in-vitro testing of CL wettability. It was found that SiH lenses displayed different performance under office conditions depending on materials and technologies used for wetting the lens surface. It was shown that lens surface wettability could be measured with a repeatable and new method when the factors affecting surface wetness and image quality were ruled out.     

Fabricating Janus membranes via physicochemical selective chemical vapor deposition

Membranes with asymmetric wettability-Janus membranes-have recently received considerable attention for a variety of critical applications. Here, we report on a simple approach to introduce asymmetric wettability into hydrophilic porous domains. Our approach is based on the physicochemical-selective deposition of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on hydrophilic polymeric substrates. To achieve selective deposition of PTFE, we inhibit the polymerization reaction within the porous domain. We prefill the substrates with glycerol, containing a known amount of free radical inhibitor, and utilize initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) for the polymerization of PTFE. We show that the glycerol/inhibitor mixture hinders the deposition of PTFE within the membrane pores. As a result, the surface of the substrates remains open and porous. The fabricated Janus membranes show stable wetting-resistant properties, evaluated through sessile drop contact angle measurements and direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD).     

锡在Cu6Sn5金属间化合物表面的润湿行为

利用改良座滴法研究了高真空条件下熔融纯Sn在350 ~ 450 ℃下分别与Cu₆Sn₅和T2纯铜的润湿行为. 结果表明，表面镀金的金属间化合物基板在各试验温度下的润湿性均优于纯铜基板；金属基板表面氧化膜对润湿性的影响不容忽视；离子溅射后表面形成的金膜可以作为一种改善润湿性及控制界面IMC厚度的有效方法；润湿性改善的机制为Sn与氧化膜的化学反应，界面析出IMC或者IMC的溶解过程并非限制铺展的主要因素；铺展过程表现出线性铺展规律，可用反应产物控制模型对其进行描述，计算得到Sn/Cu₆Sn₅和Sn/Cu两体系的铺展激活能分别为20.469 kJ/mol和22.270 kJ/mol.     

Effect of wall wettability condition on drift-flux parameters in lead–bismuth two-phase flow in circular and annular bubble columns

Lead–bismuth two-phase flow in a cylindrical vessel and annulus was experimentally investigated by varying the surface wettability of the vessel wall. The test section used in this study was a cylindrical stainless vessel with/without inner sleeve to change the hydraulic diameter. Volume-averaged void fraction was measured by varying the surface wettability of the test section, which was enhanced by using a soldering flux. Measured void fraction was compared with existing two-phase flow correlations and with one-dimensional theoretical simulations assuming one-dimensional drift-flux model. From experimental results, measured distribution parameters of the lead–bismuth two-phase flow are much larger than that of ordinary two-phase flow regardless of the surface wettability. In the present work, the one-dimensional analysis was carried out for the cylindrical vessel to reproduce the distribution parameter. From the simulation results, predicted value for the cylindrical vessel showed good agreement with experimental results. However, in annulus, the distribution parameters in annulus were underestimated by the present model. It was suggested that, in case of annulus, steeper void fraction profile might be formed near the inner surface for poor wettability condition.