全文获取类型
收费全文 | 255897篇 |
免费 | 3622篇 |
国内免费 | 812篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 5082篇 |
综合类 | 326篇 |
化学工业 | 35262篇 |
金属工艺 | 10201篇 |
机械仪表 | 8373篇 |
建筑科学 | 5890篇 |
矿业工程 | 1074篇 |
能源动力 | 6343篇 |
轻工业 | 22442篇 |
水利工程 | 2537篇 |
石油天然气 | 3877篇 |
武器工业 | 68篇 |
无线电 | 34576篇 |
一般工业技术 | 49522篇 |
冶金工业 | 46519篇 |
原子能技术 | 5418篇 |
自动化技术 | 22821篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 1969篇 |
2019年 | 2033篇 |
2018年 | 3467篇 |
2017年 | 3532篇 |
2016年 | 3727篇 |
2015年 | 2319篇 |
2014年 | 4046篇 |
2013年 | 11283篇 |
2012年 | 6561篇 |
2011年 | 8872篇 |
2010年 | 6979篇 |
2009年 | 7848篇 |
2008年 | 8676篇 |
2007年 | 8613篇 |
2006年 | 7802篇 |
2005年 | 7139篇 |
2004年 | 6885篇 |
2003年 | 6731篇 |
2002年 | 6201篇 |
2001年 | 6099篇 |
2000年 | 5710篇 |
1999年 | 5877篇 |
1998年 | 13957篇 |
1997年 | 9997篇 |
1996年 | 7796篇 |
1995年 | 6355篇 |
1994年 | 5660篇 |
1993年 | 5533篇 |
1992年 | 4496篇 |
1991年 | 4159篇 |
1990年 | 4018篇 |
1989年 | 3732篇 |
1988年 | 3580篇 |
1987年 | 3133篇 |
1986年 | 3031篇 |
1985年 | 3567篇 |
1984年 | 3343篇 |
1983年 | 2983篇 |
1982年 | 2812篇 |
1981年 | 2910篇 |
1980年 | 2731篇 |
1979年 | 2623篇 |
1978年 | 2476篇 |
1977年 | 2911篇 |
1976年 | 3520篇 |
1975年 | 2299篇 |
1974年 | 2297篇 |
1973年 | 2286篇 |
1972年 | 1841篇 |
1971年 | 1720篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
David J. Lawrence Brianna L. Smith Cameron D. Collard Keyton A. Elliott Kyle L. Fakhoury Jeffery D. Mangold Anna N. Soyka 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(2):1642-1655
Monolithically-integrated tandem photoanodes were fabricated on substrates consisting of epitaxial n-GaAs1-xPx (x ? 0.32) grown on n+-GaAs wafers. A p+-n junction photovoltaic (PV) cell was first formed by zinc diffusion into the n-GaAs0.68P0.32 from a deposited ZnO coating. After diffusion the ZnO serves as a transparent electrical contact to the resulting p+-GaAs0.68P0.32 surface layer. Transparent, conducting SnO2:F provides chemical and mechanical protection for the ZnO and the underlying PV cell, and it electrically connects this cell to a top BiVO4 photocatalyst layer. In some photoanodes, a WO3 thin film was interposed between the SnO2:F and BiVO4. All oxide coatings were produced by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis except WO3, which was spin coated. Unassisted (unbiased) solar water splitting was achieved, with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency approaching 2%, without addition of any co-catalyst to the BiVO4 surface. This work can provide insights to other researchers regarding scalable, low cost approaches for the planar monolithic integration of oxide photoanode materials with PV cells to create new tandem devices. 相似文献
62.
Blagoveshchenskii D. I. Kozlovskii V. N. Vasin S. A. 《Russian Engineering Research》2021,41(12):1255-1259
Russian Engineering Research - Digital tools for managing improvements in automobile production are developed. An operative tool provides warnings regarding the operational quality of the vehicles... 相似文献
63.
Raheleh Nikonam M. Martin D. Pugh Robin A.L. Drew 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2019,39(4):915-927
In porous reaction bonded silicon nitride, whiskers normally grow in globular clusters as the dominant morphology and deteriorate the pore interconnectivity. However, the ceramic microstructure was significantly transformed with the addition of MgO; specifically, the morphology was modified to a combination of matte and hexagonal grains. Microstructural observation along with thermodynamic studies suggest that MgO interfered with the presence and nitridation of SiO(g). Consequently, rather than being involved in the whiskers’ formation, surface silica instead reacted with volatile MgO to form intermediate products. Through these reactions, whisker formation was blocked, and a porous interconnected structure formed which was confirmed by 3D tomography. After heat-treatment at 1700 °C, β-Si3N4 crystallized in a glassy matrix containing magnesium. Resulting samples had an open-pore structure with porosity of 74–84 vol. %, and density of 0.48-0.75 g.cm?3. Combination of high porosity and pore size of <40 μm led to compressive strengths of 1.1–1.6 MPa. 相似文献
64.
Ci̇velekler Ebru Okur Volkan D. Afacan Kamil B. 《Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment》2021,80(7):5589-5607
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - Local soil characteristics play a key role in determining soil-structure interaction and reliability of the superstructure behavior under... 相似文献
65.
Gordenchuk A. D. Kudryashova O. S. 《Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering》2019,53(4):591-595
Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering - Calcium formate is widely used in construction, tanning, and textile manufacture and as an E238 biological additive in cosmetology and the food... 相似文献
66.
John D. Rodney S. Deepapriya M. Cyril Robinson C. Justin Raj Suresh Perumal Byung Chul Kim S. Krishnan S. Jerome Das 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(54):27585-27596
The production of hydrogen, a favourable alternative to an unsustainable fossil fuel remains as a significant hurdle with the pertaining challenge in the design of proficient, highly productive and sustainable electrocatalyst for both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, the dysprosium (Dy) doped copper oxide (Cu1-xDyxO) nanoparticles were synthesized via solution combustion technique and utilized as a non-noble metal based bi-functional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. Due to the improved surface to volume ratio and conductivity, the optimized Cu1-xDyxO (x = 0.01, 0.02) electrocatalysts exhibited impressive HER and OER performance respectively in 1 M KOH delivering a current density of 10 mAcm?2 at a potential of ?0.18 V vs RHE for HER and 1.53 V vs RHE for OER. Moreover, the Dy doped CuO electrocatalyst used as a bi-functional catalyst for overall water splitting achieved a potential of 1.56 V at a current density 10 mAcm?2 and relatively high current density of 66 mAcm?2 at a peak potential of 2 V. A long term stability of 24 h was achieved for a cell voltage of 2.2 V at a constant current density of 30 mAcm?2 with only 10% of the initial current loss. This showcases the accumulative opportunity of dysprosium as a dopant in CuO nanoparticles for fabricating a highly effective and low-cost bi-functional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. 相似文献
67.
Nicole A. Turner Colin Charles Douglas A. Watkinson Eva C. Enders Geoff Klein Michael D. Rennie 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2021,47(3):614-625
Understanding patterns of fish movement in large lake ecosystems is essential for determining appropriate management actions as differences in movement behaviour can influence life history traits such as growth and survival. Lake Winnipeg in Manitoba, Canada supports the 2nd largest walleye (Sander vitreus) commercial fishery in North America. We used mark-recapture models to determine movement and estimate survival of walleye between basins of Lake Winnipeg in historical and contemporary contexts, comparing a tag-recovery study completed historically during 1974–1977 with a contemporary (2017–2019) acoustic telemetry study. Mark-recapture models revealed comparably low but detectable annual transitions between basins from historical (0.3–1.2%) and contemporary datasets (7–8.5%). Historically, fish > 300 mm more frequently moved in a south to north direction. Contemporary estimates suggest similar length-based directionality in that fish > 350 mm were always more likely to move in a south-north direction. Contemporary annual survival derived from mark-recapture models ranged between 27 and 45% and 64.3% when derived from catch curve analysis, while independently derived annual historical survival estimates ranged between 50 and 69% and 45.5% from catch curve analysis. Using the contemporary dataset, we also observed seasonal variation in movement and survival between basins, with the greatest movement across the lake occurring during the fall. Our results demonstrate a persisting pattern of low but measurable movement, suggesting between basin movement is not unusual for Lake Winnipeg. Further, low walleye survival rates reported here for the two time periods studied, support recent management actions to reduce fishing pressure across the lake. 相似文献
68.
69.
Dionissios D. Papadias Jui-Kun Peng Rajesh K. Ahluwalia 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(47):24169-24189
Recognizing the potential role of liquid hydrogen carriers in overcoming the inherent limitations in transporting and storing gaseous and liquid hydrogen, a complete production and use scenario is postulated and analyzed for perspective one-way and two-way carriers. The carriers, methanol, ammonia and toluene/MCH (methylcyclohexane), are produced at commercially viable scales in a central location, transmitted by rail or pipelines for 2000 miles, and decomposed near city gates to generate fuel-cell quality hydrogen for distribution to refueling stations. In terms of the levelized cost of H2 distributed to the stations, methanol is less expensive to produce ($1.22/kg-H2) than MCH ($1.35/kg-H2) or ammonia ($2.20/kg-H2). Levelized train transmission cost is smaller for methanol ($0.63/kg-H2) than ammonia ($1.29/kg-H2) or toluene/MCH system ($2.07/kg-H2). Levelized decomposition cost is smaller for ammonia ($0.30–1.06/kg-H2) than MCH ($0.54–1.22/kg-H2) or methanol ($0.43–1.12/kg-H2). Over the complete range of demand investigated, 10–350 tpd-H2, the levelized cost of H2 distributed to stations is aligned as methanol « ammonia ~ MCH. With pipelines at much larger scale, 6000 tpd-H2, the levelized cost decreases by ~1 $/kg-H2 for ammonia and MCH and much less for methanol. Methanol is a particularly attractive low-risk carrier in the transition phase with lower than 50-tpd H2 demand. 相似文献
70.
Krutov D. A. 《Power Technology and Engineering (formerly Hydrotechnical Construction)》2021,55(4):519-527
Power Technology and Engineering - Measures for slope protection were developed and installed. The reliability of the proposed protective structures was confirmed by calculation studies using the... 相似文献