论隐性知识及其获取能力的培养

为激发大学生的创造潜能，阐述隐性知识在创新中的重要作用，通过理论和实践分析，探讨如何在大学生的实践教学中，拓宽获取隐性知识的途径，提出了改进大学实践教学，提高大学生创造力的对策．     

《平面构成》教学过程中如何培养学生的创造性思维

《平面构成》引入我国设计院校几十年来,在设计教育中起了一定的作用,可是由于种种原因,并没有达到平面构成创造者的原始初衷--释放和发掘学生的创造力.从目前平面构成教学的特点出发,结合课堂案例阐述在《平面构成》教学过程中如何培养学生的创造思维.     

多视角服务导向对服务创新行为的跨层次影响机制

目的基于多层次理论方法,从工作投入视角探讨多视角服务导向对服务创新行为的多层次作用机理。方法对辽宁30家接待服务企业管理者和员工进行多阶段调研,综合运用SPSS、AMOS与HLM工具进行分析。结果组织服务导向正向影响工作投入;个体服务导向正向影响工作投入;组织服务导向正向调节个体服务导向和工作投入之间的关系;工作投入正向影响创造力和创造执行力;在组织服务导向与个体服务导向对创造力和创造执行力的交互作用之间,以工作投入为中介;组织服务导向正向影响聚合创造力和创造执行力。结论研究成果无论在理论上还是在指导管理实践方面都具有较重要的意义。     

基于交互记忆系统的知识整合研究

目的考查团队内部基于交互记忆系统的知识整合问题,探索团队内部交互记忆系统及其专长性维度、可信性维度、协调性维度与知识整合的关系。方法采用问卷调查的方法。对176个团队样本进行调查。结果在团队中,交互记忆系统及其三个维度与知识整合存在显著正相关关系,其中可信性维度对知识整合的影响最大。结论在团队中,交互记忆系统能够促进知识整合,并且其专长性、可信性、协调性维度均能对知识整合产生不同正向影响,其中,可信性维度对知识整合的正向影响最大。     

Why seeking help from teammates is a blessing and a curse: A theory of help seeking and individual creativity in team contexts.

Research has not explored the extent to which seeking help from teammates positively relates to a person's own creativity. This question is important to explore as help seeking is commonly enacted in organizations and may come with reciprocation costs that may also diminish creativity. Results based on 291 employees in a single division of a large multinational organization revealed that seeking help predicted creativity and mediated the relationship between intrinsic motivation and creativity. However, help seekers also incurred reciprocation costs in that they tended to give more help to teammates, and giving help to teammates was negatively related to creativity. In general, giving higher levels of help attenuated the positive relationship between help seeking and creativity. We also tested an integrated model to show that help giving moderated the mediated relationship between intrinsic motivation and creativity via help seeking, such that higher levels of help giving attenuated this mediated effect. We discuss theoretical and practical implications recommending additional research regarding the interpersonal creative process in team contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Brainstorming Products for the Long-term Future

Research has recently been completed to determine how innovative organisations manage innovation over an extended period into the future. The purpose of the research was to determine what companies active in this area, were doing and, from the results, write the new standard BS 7000 part 1 ‘Guide to Innovation Management’. This paper considers one of the findings that organisations can extend the use of brainstorming as a means for: developing the organisational structure for planning the long-term, and envisaging the types of products and services that may be developed up to three generations ahead – typically ten years in many organisations.     

A review of EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies of creativity and insight.

Creativity is a cornerstone of what makes us human, yet the neural mechanisms underlying creative thinking are poorly understood. A recent surge of interest into the neural underpinnings of creative behavior has produced a banquet of data that is tantalizing but, considered as a whole, deeply self-contradictory. We review the emerging literature and take stock of several long-standing theories and widely held beliefs about creativity. A total of 72 experiments, reported in 63 articles, make up the core of the review. They broadly fall into 3 categories: divergent thinking, artistic creativity, and insight. Electroencephalographic studies of divergent thinking yield highly variegated results. Neuroimaging studies of this paradigm also indicate no reliable changes above and beyond diffuse prefrontal activation. These findings call into question the usefulness of the divergent thinking construct in the search for the neural basis of creativity. A similarly inconclusive picture emerges for studies of artistic performance, except that this paradigm also often yields activation of motor and temporoparietal regions. Neuroelectric and imaging studies of insight are more consistent, reflecting changes in anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal areas. Taken together, creative thinking does not appear to critically depend on any single mental process or brain region, and it is not especially associated with right brains, defocused attention, low arousal, or alpha synchronization, as sometimes hypothesized. To make creativity tractable in the brain, it must be further subdivided into different types that can be meaningfully associated with specific neurocognitive processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

CEDA: A research instrument for creative engineering design assessment.

Psychology and engineering faculty developed a new assessment tool to measure creativity in engineering design (Creative Engineering Design Assessment or CEDA). Fifty-eight engineering students (52 men and 6 women) and 59 psychology students (27 men and 32 women) completed the CEDA as well as other general creativity measures (creative personality, creativity temperament, and cognitive risk tolerance). Interrater reliability for the overall CEDA was high (r = .98). On average, men and women displayed similar levels of creative personality, cognitive risk tolerance, and engineering creativity (CEDA scores). However, the CEDA scores exhibited a cross-over interaction between academic class (engineering and psychology) and gender. Women displayed more creativity temperament. Intertest correlations indicate that the CEDA is different from the other general creativity measures. These results suggest that engineering design creativity may be a specialized skill that needs to be honed in engineering students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Elements of a universal aesthetic of creativity.

Creativity is in the eye of the beholder, that is, it involves an aesthetic judgment. However, there is no agreement on the categories in the mind of observers that enable them to recognize it, especially in widely differing domains such as fine art versus natural science. Concentration on socially useful products offers promise of a set of indicators that could be applied across domains: These include diagnosis, generation, germinality, and similar properties. Such indicators can be recognized with a substantial level of agreement by different observers, and can be used to judge both amount and kind of creativity. A universal aesthetic would offer perspectives on assessment of creativity, but would also improve communication among creative individuals and people such as critics, sponsors, clients, and the general public, as well as suggesting guidelines for teaching and learning activities and for better understanding of how to deal with misuse of creativity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Why We Sing the Blues: The Relation Between Self-Reflective Rumination, Mood, and Creativity.

Past research has shown that creative behavior is associated with a higher risk for depression. The authors hypothesized that a 3rd underlying factor, namely, self-reflective rumination, may explain the connection. This hypothesis was examined in a sample of 99 undergraduate college students, using path analysis. The authors found that self-reported past depressive symptomatology was linked to increased self-reflective rumination. Rumination, in turn, was related to current symptomatology and to self-rated creative interests and objectively measured creative fluency, originality, and elaboration. No direct link existed between currently depressed mood and either creative interest or creative behavior. These results suggest that the association between depression and creativity is solely the result of rumination. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)