Influence of subsequent curing on water sorptivity and pore structure of steam-cured concrete

Steam-cured condition is found to cause larger porosity and worse properties of concrete compared with normal curing condition. For the sake of seeking effective measurements to eliminate this bad effect of steam-cured condition on concrete, the water sorptivity and pore structure of steam-cured concretes exposed to different subsequent curing conditions were investigated after steam-curing treatment. The capillary absorption coefficient and porosity of the corresponding concretes were analyzed, and their mechanisms were also discussed. The results indicate that water sorptivity and pore structure of steam-cured concrete are greatly influenced by the curing condition used in subsequent ages. Exposure steam-cured concrete to air condition has an obviously bad effect on its properties and microstructures. Adopting subsequent curing of immersing steam-cured concrete into about 20 °C water after steam curing period can significantly decrease its capillary absorption coefficient and porosity. Steam-cured concrete with 7 d water curing has minimum capillary absorption coefficient and total porosity. Its water sorptivity is decreased by 23% compared with standard curing concrete and the porosity is 9.6% lower. Moreover, the corresponding gradient of water sorptivity and porosity of steam-cured concrete both decrease, thus microstructure of concrete becomes more homogeneous.     

某围垦工程原位监测施工和分析

通过某围垦工程原位监测施工实施,阐述了原位监测的目的和意义,并对原位监测成果进行分析,得到监测的有效数据,从而指导下一步的施工,确保地基稳定、沉降均匀。     

Application of image analysis based on SEM and chemical mapping on PC mortars under sulfate attack

The degradation mechanisms of cementitious materials exposed to sulfate solutions have been controversial, despite considerable research. In this paper, two methodologies of image analysis based on scanning electron microscope and chemical mapping are used to analyse Portland cement mortars exposed to sodium sulfate solution. The effects of sulfate concentration in solution and water to cement ratio of mortar, which are considered as the most sensitive factors to sulfate attack, are investigated respectively by comparing the macro expansion with microstructure analysis. It is found that the sulfate concentration in pore solution, expressed as sulfate content in C-S-H, plays a critical role on the supersaturation with respect to ettringite and so on the expansion force generated.     

真实水压力下砂岩强度及破坏形式的试验研究

岩石在高水压条件下的强度和变形破坏方式对深埋、高水压下隧洞及地下开采极为重要。采用MTS和“YSL-200”对砂岩进行了常规单轴试验和不同压力水环境中的压缩试验,分析了真实水压力对饱和砂岩的抗压强度和破坏形式的影响,并探讨了孔隙水压力与水围压力对岩石强度的作用。试验结果表明：饱和砂岩在真实水压力环境中呈现“X型”剪切破坏,水压力在岩石进入裂纹扩展区时加速岩石破坏的作用效果明显;压力水可以通过扩展的裂纹渗入到岩石内部,增大岩石的含水率,影响岩石内部的孔隙水压力;当水压力较低时,水围压作用大于孔隙水压力作用,水压力对岩石的强度为增强效应,当水压力较高时,孔隙水压力作用与水围压作用抵消,岩石强度与饱和单轴抗压强度相近     

透水管桩的群桩沉桩室内模型试验研究

本文基于室内模型试验,通过透水管桩和普通管桩沉桩模型试验对比,探究群桩情况下,透水管桩加速桩周土超静孔隙水压力消散的效果和规律。通过试验表明透水管桩更有利于桩周土超静孔压消散,其促进作用沿深度方向递增,沿水平方向递减。透水管桩阻碍了沉桩完成后桩周土超静孔隙水压力的上升,从超静孔隙水压力产生的角度出发,降低了桩周土超静孔隙水压力的峰值,控制了整个桩周土超静孔隙水压力的水平,有利于超静孔隙水压力后期的消散。表明沉桩施工中,透水管桩提高了施工进度,降低了对周围环境的影响。     

Oxidation behaviors of Ni-Cr-Al superalloy foams at 1 000 ℃ in air

The oxidation behaviors of Ni-16Cr-xAl （x=4.5%, 9.0%, mass fraction） superalloy foams in air at 1000℃ were investigated. The effects of AI content on the resistance to high temperature oxidation were examined. The oxidation mechanisms of the foams were discussed. The results show that the resistance to the oxidation of the Ni-16Cr-xA1 based alloy at 1 000 ℃ increases with the content of A1 increasing from 4.5% to 9.0%. Complex oxide products are formed on the surface of the superalloy foams after the oxidation. Cr203 and A1203 are the predominant oxides for the scales of the foams with 4.5% A1 and 9% A1, respectively. Excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and superior pore conformation stability for the Ni-16Cr-xA1 based superalloy foam with 9% A1 can be mainly attributed to the formation of relatively continuous and protective A1203 oxides on the surface of the foam.     

O2／CO2气氛下煤燃烧过程中孔隙结构演化特征

在固定床和热重分析仪上对云浮烟煤焦在不同温度下O2／CO2燃烧特性进行研究．研究结果表明热解终温和温度是影响煤焦燃烧特性的主要因素,反应速率随着温度的升高而增大,并且热解终温对焦结构的影响是不可忽略的．这主要是由于孔隙结构的变化主要受挥发分析出和焦受热变形的影响．云浮烟煤O2／CO2燃烧过程中起始阶段比表面积（SBET）有增加趋势,这种现象的产生主要是由于煤焦燃烧过程中微孔的扩容和新孔的产生,并且比表面积与微孔孔容积的变化规律非常相似,而这由于SHET主要是由微孔来提供,但当转换率大于80％时由于孔坍塌造成SBET有减小的趋势．     

天然帽用草纤维的形态结构及EDS能谱分析

对蓆草、棕丝草、琅琊草、咸草、蒲草等5种帽用草纤维用扫描电镜观察其表面形态和截面结构,发现帽用纤维表面存在大量的气孔和沟槽,测量出气孔的长度20-73μm,宽度8-33μm。截面有较大的空隙,纤维空隙的大小依次是棕丝草、蒲草、琅琊草、蓆草、咸草。对其表面选取微区进行EDS能谱分析,结果表明5种帽用草纤维都含有C、O、Al,且C、O元素的含量都在96.99%以上,其他如Si、Na、Mg、Cl、P等属于微量元素,属纤维素纤维。