5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊与MIG焊缝腐蚀性能对比

对5083铝合金FSW（搅拌摩擦焊）和MIG（熔化极氩弧焊）焊缝的微观显微组织和腐蚀性能进行了分析.结果表明,FSW焊缝由细小的等轴再结晶组织构成,而MIG焊缝晶粒粗大,组织不均匀.电化学腐蚀试验表明,主轴旋转频率为300 r/min,焊接速度为160 mm/min,搅拌头倾角为3°的FSW焊缝与MIG焊缝相比,腐蚀电...     

Enhanced mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr casting via friction stir processing

Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr casting was subjected to friction stir processing (FSP) at a tool rotation rate of 800 rpm and a traverse speed of 50 mm/min. FSP resulted in the fundamental dissolution of the coarse network-like β-Mg₅(Gd,Y) phase and remarkable grain refinement (∼6.1 μm), thereby significantly improving the strength and ductility of the casting. Post-FSP aging resulted in the precipitation of fine β′′ and β′ particles in a fine-grained magnesium matrix, producing an ultimate tensile strength of 439 MPa and a yield strength of 330 MPa. FSP combined with aging is a simple and effective approach to enhancing the mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr casting.     

Effect of tool design and process parameters on properties of Al alloy 6016 friction stir spot welds

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) of Al alloy 6016-T4 sheet was evaluated using a conventional pin (CP) tool and off-center feature (OC) tool. Tool rotation speed and plunge depth were varied to determine the effect of individual process parameter on lap-shear separation load. Maximum separation load of about 3.3 kN was obtained by using a 0.2 mm shoulder penetration depth with 1500 rpm tool rotation speed for the CP tool and 2500 rpm for the OC tool. Three different weld separation modes under lap-shear loading were observed: interfacial separation, nugget fracture separation and upper sheet fracture separation. Microhardness profile for weld cross section indicated no direct relationship between microhardness distribution and separation locations.     

搅拌针形状对搭接焊缝界面迁移的影响

采用搅拌针长度相同而形状不同的搅拌头对3mm厚的LY12CZ铝合金进行了搅拌摩擦焊搭接试验。结果表明,表面带有螺纹的搅拌针使板材间的搭接界面在厚度方向上发生迁移,左螺纹使邻近搅拌针的塑化金属向下迁移,在搅拌针端部积聚,挤压周边金属向上运动,导致搭接界面向上迁移;右螺纹使邻近搅拌针的塑化金属向上迁移,在搅拌针根部积聚并受轴肩作用,挤压周边金属向下运动,导致搭接界面向下迁移。若搅拌针表面是光滑的,搭接界面在厚度方向上的迁移减小,但返回边界面向焊缝中心延伸的程度增大。     

Particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites produced from powder mixtures via friction stir processing

Particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites were produced from powder mixtures of aluminum and silicon by using multiple passages of friction stir processing (FSP). In the composites, the Si particles with an average size of ∼1.5 μm are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix which has a fine-grained structure (∼2 μm). The strengthening mechanism of the composites is discussed. It indicates that the fine grain size of aluminum, the Orowan strengthening due to intragranular particles and the dislocations generated by thermal mismatch all contribute significantly to the composite yield strength.     

Friction stir lap welded advanced high strength steels: Microstructure and mechanical properties

Friction stir welding was carried out under different heat input and cooling rates to produce lap joints between high strength martensitic steel sheets. The microstructure of the welds was characterized, and microhardness was evaluated. Joint efficiency was determined by lap shear test. Variation in processing conditions governed total heat input, peak temperature and cooling rate during friction stir welding. Weld nugget microstructure depended principally on cooling rate. The slowest cooling rate promoted ferrite-pearlite and the fastest cooling rate resulted in martensite formation in the weld nugget. The weakest region of all the joints was the heat affected zone, which consists of ferrite with small quantities of pearlite. Fracture during shear testing occurred along the heat affected zone of welded joints. The width and grain size of ferrite in heat affected zone controlled the joint efficiency.     

2A70铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头抗拉强度测定结果的不确定度评定

依照GB/T 2651—2008《焊接接头拉伸试验方法》对2A70铝合金搅拌摩擦焊T型接头的抗拉强度进行了测定,并对抗拉强度测定结果的不确定度进行了评定。结果表明:当置信度取95%,包含因子取2,该接头抗拉强度测定结果的扩展不确定度为14Mpa,相对扩展不确定度为3.8%;不确定报告可表示为R_m=(370±14)MPa,v=81,k=2。     

轴肩下压量对搅拌摩擦焊搭接焊缝界面迁移的影响

采用左螺纹圆柱搅拌针对2mm厚的LF6铝合金板进行搅拌摩擦焊搭接实验,研究了轴肩下压量对搅拌摩擦焊搭接焊缝界面迁移的影响.结果表明:焊缝返回边和前进边的搭接界面均向焊缝上表面迁移,在返回边,界面迁移至焊缝顶部时,水平向焊缝中心迁移,最大可延伸至前进边;而前进边的界面仅分布在前进边侧.返回边的界面迁移高度随轴肩下压量增加...     

Numerical simulation of friction stir butt-welding of 6061 aluminum alloy

A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model was established to simulate the friction stir butt-welding of 6061 aluminum alloy. The dynamic mesh method was applied in this model to make the tool move forward and rotate in a manner similar to a real tool, and the calculated volumetric source of energy was loaded to establish a similar thermal environment to that used in the experiment. Besides, a small piece of zinc stock was embedded into the workpiece as a trace element. Temperature fields and vector plots were determined using a finite volume method, which was indirectly verified by traditional metallography. The simulation result indicated that the temperature distribution was asymmetric but had a similar tendency on the two sides of the welding line. The maximum temperature on the advancing side was approximately 10 K higher than that on the retreating side. Furthermore, the precise process of material flow behavior in combination with streamtraces was demonstrated by contour maps of the phases. Under the shearing force and forward extrusion pressure, material located in front of the tool tended to move along the tangent direction of the rotating tool. Notably, three whirlpools formed under a special pressure environment around the tool, resulting in a uniform composition distribution.     

Variations in stir zone and thermomechanically affected zone of dissimilar friction stir weld of AA5083 and AA6082 alloys

Variations in composition, microhardness (in the thermomechanically affected zone) and texture in the tool domain of the dissimilar friction stir weld of AA5083-O and AA6082-T6 alloys were investigated. The contents of the major alloying elements in the weld zones were determined using inductively coupled plasma?atomic emission spectroscopy. It was observed that a slight drop in the content of the alloying elements results from the friction stir welding process with the Mg content being the most affected amongst the major alloying elements in the two alloys. By relating the mass fractions of the major alloying elements in the parent metals of both alloys to those of the stir zone, the relative proportions of the two alloys in the stir zone were estimated with the results showing that at least 60% of the materials in the stir zone are from the retreating side of the weld. It was also revealed that the changes in the hardness profile in the thermomechanically affected zone of the retreating side are predominantly influenced by changes in grain size in that domain. Finally, the investigation further revealed that the texture component in the tool shoulder domain is different from the texture component in the tool pin domain.