Utilization of alkali-activated copper slag as binder in concrete

This study was focused on developing concrete using alkali-activated copper slag (AACS) as a binder. The properties of alkali-activated copper slag concrete (AACSC) were compared with portland cement concrete (PCC). Different AACSC mixes were prepared with varying Na₂O dosage (6% and 8% of the binder by weight) and curing methods. Hydration products in AACSC were retrieved using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) techniques. The test results indicate that the workability of AACSC was lesser than that of PCC. The AACSC mix with 6% Na₂O dosage has exhibited similar mechanical properties as that of PCC. The mechanical properties of AACSC were higher than PCC when 8% of Na₂O dosage was used. Heat curing was effective to upgrade the strength properties of AACSC at an early age of curing, but at a later age mechanical properties of ambient cured and heat-cured AACSC were comparable. The hydration products of AACSC were not identified in XRD patterns, whereas, in FTIR spectra of AACSC some alkali-activated reaction products were reflected. The AACSC mixes were found to be more sustainable than PCC. It has been concluded that AACSC can be produced similarly to that of PCC and ambient curing is sufficient.     

自燃煤矸石粗骨料特性及其对混凝土性能的影响

在系统掌握自燃煤矸石粗骨料基本特性的基础上,研究了不同取代率下自燃煤矸石粗骨料混凝土的拌和物和易性,以及混凝土强度、弹性模量、破坏特征和应力-应变曲线,并通过界面过渡区微观表征了自燃煤矸石粗骨料混凝土的微结构特征.结果表明:与天然碎石相比,自燃煤矸石粗骨料的表观密度小、吸水率高、压碎和坚固性指标大;随着自燃煤矸石粗骨料取代率递增,混凝土拌和物的坍落度和混凝土的表观密度、弹性模量递减,塑性有一定程度改善,轴压纵向劈裂破坏形态越发明显;取代率小于50%的自燃煤矸石粗骨料对混凝土的内养护作用比其自身强度低的影响更为显著,使混凝土界面过渡区更为密实,抗压强度有一定幅度的提高;当取代率大于50%后,因自燃煤矸石粗骨料自身缺陷增多而导致混凝土强度有所下降.     

Hot workability and dynamic recrystallization mechanisms of pure nickel N6

The hot workability and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) mechanisms of pure nickel N6 were systematically investigated using hot compression tests. Based on hot compression data, the constitutive equation of N6 was developed and its reliability was verified. Its hot processing map was constructed, and combined with microstructural observations, a semi-quantitative response relationship between hot deformation parameters and microstructure was established. The DRX process of N6 is a thermally activated process and particularly sensitive to the strain rate. The optimal hot processing parameters for N6 were determined to be 950-1050 °C and 0.1-1 s^-1. Furthermore, it was proven that the dominant nucleation mechanism is discontinuous DRX characterized by grain boundary bulging and twins assisting nucleation, while the continuous DRX characterized by subgrains combined with rotation is an inactive nucleation mechanism.     

纳米二氧化硅对再生骨料混凝土性能影响的研究

再生骨料混凝土是一种环保材料,然而由于再生骨料的固有缺陷,导致其很难在结构工程中推广应用。纳米二氧化硅作为一种混凝土辅助胶凝材料,已经在普通混凝土中得到了充分的研究,但其用于改性再生骨料混凝土的研究较少。利用万能试验机、扫描电镜及X射线衍射仪,从工作性能、抗压性能、抗拉性能和微观形貌等方面,分析了不同掺量纳米二氧化硅对再生骨料混凝土改性的影响,深入探讨了利用纳米二氧化硅对再生骨料混凝土进行改性的可行性。试验结果表明:纳米二氧化硅具有高活性和填充效应,促进了水泥的水化反应,对再生骨料混凝土早龄期抗压性能提升明显;此外,纳米二氧化硅由于其颗粒尺寸较小,填充了再生骨料的微裂纹和孔隙,降低了再生骨料混凝土的脆性,对再生骨料混凝土后龄期抗拉性能提升显著。值得注意的是,纳米二氧化硅具有团聚效应,需要采用减水剂和预拌的方法提升其工作性能,从而推广其适用性。     

高强轻集料混凝土工作性能优化的试验研究

以分层度、坍落度、扩展度为新拌混凝土工作性能的评价指标,研究了矿物掺合料、砂率、增粘剂和减水剂对高强轻集料混凝土(LWAC)工作性能的影响.结果表明:增粘剂、减水剂是影响LWAC工作性能的主要因素,矿物掺合料、砂率对LWAC工作性能的影响则较小;在相同条件下,复掺减水剂和增粘剂比单掺减水剂更能改善轻集料混凝土的匀质性,同时对抗压强度也有所提高.最后提出了高强轻集料混凝土工作性能优化的试验配合比.     

自密实混凝土生产投料控制精度研究

自密实混凝土与普通混凝土在强度影响因素上有显著的差别，因此在生产中对于原材料的投料精度要求也应有所不同。在系统研究砂率、粉煤灰掺量、胶集比、单方用水量及外加剂用量波动对C40自密实混凝土工作性和强度的影响的基础上，确定了其投料精度控制范围。普通混凝土对骨料的控制精度要求低，自密实混凝土对骨料的控制精度要求高。     

低强度芯柱自密实混凝土试验研究

采用当地原材料,在C20自密实混凝土初步配合比的基础上,利用外加剂的合理复合和调整粉煤灰掺量配制出了满足工作性和强度等级要求的C20芯柱自密实混凝土,并分析了外加剂及其掺量等对自密实混凝土拌合物工作性的影响。     

石膏基建筑腻子的配制与性能研究

石膏基建筑腻子改变了传统建筑腻子中固体组分仅作为惰性填料，腻子硬化完全依赖有机粘结剂固化成膜的技术模式。采用复合缓凝技术、纤雏素醚与改性木薯淀粉胶技术可配制高性能石膏基建筑腻子，它具有施工性好、硬化快、粘结强度高的特点，是一种新型绿色建材。本文介绍其配制原理、制备工艺及性能。     

混凝土减缩剂的研制与性能研究

通过对几种可能有减缩作用的化学物质进行了分析,并以砂浆试件为对象考察了各种物质的减缩作用,选择出了可用的减缩剂组分。通过种类和掺量的优化,制成了混凝土减缩剂。文中考察了减缩剂对混凝土自收缩、工作性、强度等性能的影响。试验结果表明:合适的掺量和组分会显著降低混凝土的自收缩;混凝土的工作性有所提高,但不明显。3d和28d抗压强度都有不同程度的降低,但后期强度不低于基准混凝土的强度。     

UHPC浆体的工作性和流变性与颗粒膜层厚度的关系

建立超高性能混凝土(UHPC)浆体的工作性和流变性之间的关系可从理论上研究其工作性变化规律。本文以颗粒膜层厚度为UHPC浆体的工作性的综合衡量指标,设计了正交试验,研究水胶比、超细粉煤灰替代率和硅灰掺量对UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的影响。根据流动度和流变性测试结果,分析了水胶比和超细粉煤灰替代率的共同作用对UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的影响,探究了UHPC的净浆与砂浆的工作性关系,基于浆膜层厚度给出了UHPC砂浆的工作性与流变性的关系式。研究结果表明:水胶比是UHPC浆体的工作性与流变性的最主要影响因素,水胶比、超细粉煤灰替代率和硅灰掺量提高均造成UHPC浆体的颗粒表面膜层厚度增大;水胶比和超细粉煤灰替代率的共同作用下,UHPC浆体的流动度和黏度系数具有相关性。