高含CO_2储气库集输管道腐蚀防护研究

以某储气库工程为背景,结合CO2的腐蚀机理及影响因素对该工程工况条件下的集输管线的腐蚀情况进行了深入分析,结果表明:集输管线在0.81 MPa的CO2分压作用下将发生严重的腐蚀破坏,运行温度位于中温区,腐蚀产物膜的耐蚀性差,腐蚀特征以点蚀为主,同时介质流速及Cl-离子的存在进一步加剧了CO2对集输管线的腐蚀。结合腐蚀情况及实际工况条件,比选了几种针对性的腐蚀控制措施,根据最终的经济比选结果及优缺点比较,推荐集输管线选择经济、安全的316L+L450Q形式的复合钢管,后期的试验结果表明:在本工程工况条件下复合钢管的母材及环焊缝焊接接头具备良好的耐蚀性能及力学性能,满足本工程的运行要求。     

Collapse safety margin-oriented seismic retrofit strategy for corroded reinforced concrete frames using fibre reinforced plastics

Considering residual service life, this paper presents a collapse safety margin-oriented seismic retrofit strategy for corroded reinforced concrete (RC) frames using fibre reinforced plastics (FRP). With the assumed uniform corrosion model, corrosion-induced initial damage combined with subsequent earthquake-induced damage is identified by the multi-mode-based global damage model developed previously. The collapse-level earthquake intensity determined by incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) with the damage model and the maximum considered earthquake (MCE)-level intensity considering residual service life are combined to generate the time-variant collapse safety margin assessment of corroded RC structures. Based on this assessment, the collapse safety margin-oriented FRP seismic retrofit strategy is proposed and demonstrated on a 4-storey frame. The damage model originally developed for earthquake scenarios has also exhibited its rationality for characterising corrosion-induced initial damage and its influence on coupled damage development with subsequent earthquake excitation. Seismic retrofitting with FRP composites should consider the effects of the corrosion development stage, target collapse safety margin and residual service life. FRP retrofits can cause decreases in the MCE-level collapse probability and increases in the collapse resistance of corroded RC structures. Retrofitting carried out at different times achieves different efficiencies and different time-variant collapse safety margins within the residual service life.     

高压直流换流阀均压电极的结垢机理研究

目的 通过研究换流阀冷却系统均压电极结垢机理,分析结垢的过程、影响因素、形成规律,总结结垢的根本原因,再根据分析结论提出均压电极腐蚀结垢的综合整治措施,形成改进技术方案。方法 先通过文献分析国内外均压电极研究进展并进行总结,找出均压电极结垢的相关影响因素,通过试验验证,明确均压电极结垢的主要过程和影响结垢的主要因素,最后根据试验结果提出合理的抑制或减轻结垢的措施。结果 均压电极结垢的主要影响因素是铝制散热器的电化学腐蚀及流体冲刷腐蚀,腐蚀产物在均压电极部位汇聚、沉积,导致结垢。结垢过程为：散热器内表面发生的化学腐蚀以及流体喘振造成的磨损腐蚀二者协同,相互加强,致使铝元素转化为离子形态进入循环系统冷却介质中,并在均压电极电场作用下吸附至电极表面,从而在电极表面形成结垢。结论 均压电极结垢与水冷系统的电化学腐蚀和流体冲刷有关,采用深度除盐水质精处理的方式去除冷却水中的致垢离子,能有效减缓均压电极的结垢。     

海水侵蚀下钢筋混凝土梁斜截面承载力试验研究

港口、码头、混凝土近海平台等海工结构物长期暴露在恶劣的环境中。外部腐蚀介质的影响会降低其安全性、耐久性和可靠性。尤其海水浪溅区的钢筋混凝土结构物受海水腐蚀更易遭受破坏 ,造成的损失也非常巨大。结构的安全性、耐久性和可靠性日益成为人们研究的重要课题。本文通过 15根钢筋混凝土试验梁在多循环人工海水侵蚀后进行的斜截面承载力试验 ,研究了钢筋混凝土梁在遭受腐蚀的不同时间段内梁的斜截面承载力的变化情况。提出了不同干湿循环条件下几种不同配比的钢筋混凝土梁的力学性能变化规律。     

锚索的锈蚀、防护及永久锚索的合理结构

随着锚索在岩土工程加固中的普及，近期人们普遍关注的焦点是锚索的永久性问题。锚索的永久性与锚索的结构和锚索材料有关，也与锚索所处环境及人为因素有关。本试图就锚索可能遭到的破坏因素及防护，提出永久锚索的合理结构，供同行参考。     

Enhancement of bond strength for epoxy-coated rebar using river sand

In this paper, improvement of bond strength for epoxy-coated rebars is studied. Although the epoxy-coated rebar is well accepted as an alternative corrosion prevention method in engineering practice, it still suffers from its poor bond performance, which requires modification of design parameters such as development length and splice length. Following our previous study [Proceedings of the Third Structure Engineering Conference (1996) 651–659], it is proposed to mix the river sand in the epoxy to improve the bond strength of epoxy-coated rebar. Specimens of several sizes of river sand and sand/epoxy weight ratios were studied. The single-rebar pullout test was performed to examine the bond strength. The open circuit potential method and the linear DC polarization method were conducted for corrosion rate measurements to ensure for keeping the merit of epoxy-coated rebar, i.e. the ability of corrosion. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very promising.     

杜拉纤维对钢筋混凝土抗压强度、碳化及钢筋腐蚀影响的实验研究

鉴于过去杜拉纤维对钢筋混凝土中钢筋腐蚀影响研究较少的现状,从杜拉纤维对钢筋混凝土的抗压强度、碳化等方面的影响进行了研究,同时用电化学的方法对加入杜拉纤维对钢筋腐蚀影响进行了探讨。结果表明:a)加入杜拉纤维对混凝土试块抗压强度提高不明显,而对钢筋腐蚀有一定的抑制作用,随杜拉纤维掺量增加,钢筋腐蚀电位增加;b)随杜拉纤维掺量增加,钢筋混凝土表面碳化深度减小。     

受压区钢筋锈蚀对混凝土构件承载力影响的研究

从受压钢筋锈蚀引起混凝土抗压强度下降的角度,研究了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件的受弯承载力,提出了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件承载力的计算模型和计算方法。理论分析计算表明,受压区钢筋锈蚀对混凝土构件性能的影响在锈蚀开裂前较为明显,锈蚀开裂后影响不大。提出的受压区钢筋锈蚀开裂前后的承载力计算模型,可为锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件承载力可靠性分析提供理论基础。     

Reliability of corrosion-damaged steel structures using interval probability theory

Engineering decisions concerning the performance of existing structures must be made in the presence of uncertainties. The remaining capacity of corroded steel structures provides a good example of different aspects of uncertainty. These include: an unknown or partially known extent of damage; a variability in loading and an uncertain reserve of structural capacity depending on the mode of failure. The theory of structural reliability has been developed to provide a method of analysis for structural safety. In this paper, methods are proposed to compute the component reliability of corrosion-damaged steel members. The application of a recently developed theory called interval probability theory for system reliability is illustrated using the data obtained from actual samples of corroded beams.     

模型锚杆腐蚀耦合效应试验研究

锚杆腐蚀耦合效应问题研究是锚杆耐久性研究的难点问题之一。本文概述了早期埋设在工程现场的尚在研究锚杆腐蚀耦合效应的一批缩尺锚杆的腐蚀环境、试验方法、试验结果和结论，可供读者参考。