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81.
Blends of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) and a liquid crystalline copolyester (LCP), poly(benzoate-naphthoate), were prepared in a twin-screw extruder. Specimens for mechanical testing were prepared by injection molding. The morphology and mechanical properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an Instron tensile tester. SEM studies revealed that finely dispersed spherical domains of the liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) were formed in the PEN matrix, and the inclusions were deformed into fibrils from the spherical droplets with increasing LCP content. The morphology of the blends was found to be affected by their composition and a distinct skin-core morphology was found to develop in the injection molded samples of these blends. Mechanical properties were improved with increasing LCP content, and synergistic effects have been observed at 70 wt% LCP content whereas the elongation at break was found to be reduced drastically above 10 wt% of LCP content. This is a characteristic typical of chopped-fiber-filled composites. The improvement in mechanical properties is likely due to the reinforcement of the PEN matrix by the fibrous LCP phase as observed by scanning electron microscopy. The tensile and modulus mechanical behavior of the LCP/PEN blends was very similar to those of the polymeric composite, and the tensile strength and flexural modulus of the LCP/PEN 70/30 blend were two times the value of PEN homopolymer and exceeded those of pure LCP, suggesting LCP acts as a reinforcing agent in the blends. 相似文献
82.
Various dynamical characters of continuous stirred tank reaclors (CSTR) are introduced with respect to the effects of reaction
types, extra thermal capacitance, periodic forcing, and coupling of CSTRs. The subject includes the classical dynamics of
two-dimensional model and the variety of complex dynamics in three or higher dimensional systems such as periodic bifurcations
to torus or chaos, aperiodic oscillations on invariant torus, and universal dynamics of alternating periodic-chaotic sequences
with k.2v-cycles for every natural number k. Particularly this review intends to bring about the problems that the engineers must be
prepared to encounter in solving various physical systems including chemically reacting systems. 相似文献
83.
Sang Woo Kim Jong-Ho Lee Joosun Kim Hae-Weon Lee 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2004,87(12):2213-2217
The effect of zinc ions added to silica film on the electrical and structural properties of a silica/indium tin oxide two-layer film which had been prepared by solution coating for electromagnetic shielding of displays was studied. The volume resistivity of the undoped silica/indium tin oxide film was more than 3 times as high as that of the zinc-doped silica/indium tin oxide film. The addition of divalent cations, zinc ions, to the overcoated layer led volume resistivity of the two-layer film to decrease significantly and also caused a long-term increase in stability. The decrease in volume resistivity was due to the addition of zinc ions that changed the interface ionization and helped to enhance the electrical conductivity in the two-layer film. 相似文献
84.
Chang?Duk?Kang Sang?Jun?SimEmail author Young?Sang?Cho Woo?Sik?Kim 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2003,20(3):482-486
The removal of copper from wastewater by ferric/limestone coagulation followed by screen filtration was carried out at a laboratory
scale. The optimum coagulant (FeCl3) dose and working pH were 50 mg// of Fe(m) and pH 7.5, respectively, through jar tests. For the efficient removal of copper
from wastewater, we developed a novel process including the co-precipitation of copper with FeCl3, alkalization in a limestone aeration bed, and separation of precipitates in a sedimentation tank coupled with internal stainless
steel screen filter. The performance results showed that removal of copper from the solution was over 99.5%. The pH was effectively
maintained over 7.5 in limestone bed during the whole process. Ferric hydroxide/copper aggregates were removed over 99% by
stainless steel screen filter of 1,450 mesh. Periodic air backwashing alleviated fouling of the filter surface. 相似文献
85.
Highly Efficient Overall Water Splitting Through Optimization of Preparation and Operation Conditions of Layered Perovskite Photocatalysts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jindo Kim Dong Won Hwang Hyun Gyu Kim Sang Won Bae Jae Sung Lee Wei Li Se Hyuk Oh 《Topics in Catalysis》2005,35(3-4):295-303
The layered perovskite materials were found to give the high photocatalytic activity in water splitting reaction under UV
irradiation, where the electronic structure of perovskite slab constructing the layered structure (the total cation valency)
was the most crucial factor to the high photocatalytic activity. Both the excessive cation valency and the layered structure
were required for active photocatalysts, while the slab thickness of layered perovskites had an insignificant effect on water-splitting
activity. In order to identify key variables that affected photocatalytic activity and to optimize the performance of (110)
layered perovskite, La2Ti2O7 was modified by various methods. The optimum amount of loaded nickel had a great effect and the amount depended on the surface
area of the perovskite phase. When an alkaline-earth element such as Ba, Sr, and Ca was doped on La2Ti2O7, the photocatalytic activity was enhanced markedly. Introduction of an alkaline hydroxide into the reaction system as an
external additive enhanced the activity further showing extremely high quantum yields close to 50%. 相似文献
86.
Examining the Effects of Conformal Terrain Features in Advanced Head‐Up Displays on Flight Performance and Pilot Situation Awareness 下载免费PDF全文
Synthetic vision systems (SVS) render terrain features for pilots through cockpit displays using a GPS database and three‐dimensional graphical models. Enhanced vision systems (EVS) present infrared imagery of terrain using a forward‐looking sensor in the nose of an aircraft. The ultimate goal of SVS and EVS technologies is to support pilots in achieving safety under low‐visibility and night conditions comparable to clear, day conditions. This study assessed pilot performance and situation awareness (SA) effects of SVS and EVS imagery in an advanced head‐up display (HUD) during a simulated landing approach under instrument meteorological conditions. Videos of the landing with various HUD configurations were presented to eight pilots with a superimposed tracking task. The independent variables included four HUD feature configurations (baseline [no terrain imagery], SVS, EVS, and a combination of SVS and EVS), two visibility conditions, and four legs of the flight. Results indicated that SVS increased overall SA but degraded flight path control performance because of visual confusion with other display features. EVS increased flight path control accuracy but decreased system (aircraft) awareness because of visual distractions. The combination of SVS and EVS generated offsetting effects. Display configurations did not affect pilot spatial awareness. Flight performance was not different among phases of the approach, but levels and types of pilot SA did vary from leg to leg. These results are applicable to development of adaptive HUD features to support pilot performance. They support the use of multidimensional measures of SA for insight on pilot information processing with advanced aviation displays. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
87.
水热法制备锰锌铁氧体纳米晶 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以水热法制备了粒径为20-40nm的锰锌铁氧体纳米晶,以XRD、SEM、磁强计等对产物做了表征,分析了影响锰锌铁氧体纳米晶的因素。结果表明,在T≥150℃,t≥5h条件下,均能得到阵锌铁氧体纳米晶粉末。T=450℃时制备的纳米晶的磁强度最高;添加剂能改善水热体系的均匀性,使产物分布均匀、晶相单一、团聚少。 相似文献
88.
Ki Soo ParkMyung Hun Cho Sang Ho ParkKee Suk Nahm Yang Kook SunYun Sung Lee Masaki Yoshio 《Electrochimica acta》2002,47(18):2937-2942
Layered Li0.7[M1/6Mn5/6]O2 (M=Li, Ni) was synthesized using a sol-gel method. P2-Na0.7[M1/6Mn5/6]O2 precursor was first synthesized by a sol-gel method, and then O2-Li0.7[M1/6Mn5/6]O2 was prepared by an ion exchange of Li for Na in P2-Na0.7[M1/6Mn5/6]O2 precursor. From charge/discharge curves, it was seen that Li0.7[Li1/6Mn5/6]O2 has two plateaus similar to those observed from a spinel structure, but Li0.7[Ni1/6Mn5/6]O2 holds a single plateau as observed from a typical layered structure. It was considered that Li0.7[Li1/6Mn5/6]O2 undergoes a phase transformation from layered to spinel structure during the charge/discharge cycle, but Li0.7[Ni1/6Mn5/6]O2 maintains O2-layered structure after the cycles. Li0.7[Ni1/6Mn5/6]O2 was higher in discharge capacity and retention rate than Li0.7[Li1/6Mn5/6]O2. 相似文献
89.
Ji Hye Yoon Sang Beom Choi You Jin Oh Min Jeong Seo Young Ho Jhon Tae-Bum Lee Daejin Kim Seung Hoon Choi Jaheon Kim 《Catalysis Today》2007,120(3-4):324-329
A new mixed-valent iron MOF, formulated as Fe3O(F4BDC)3(H2O)3·(DMF)3.5 (1), has been synthesized by using a perfluorinated linear dicarboxylate to link trigonal prismatic Fe3(μ3-O)(O2C–)6 clusters. The structure refinement based on single crystal X-ray diffraction data collected from 1 reveals the material exhibits the acs topology with large channels along the crystallographic c-axis. Due to the presence of fluorine atoms the organic link, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (F4BDC), has a 63° torsion angle between the carboxylate and aromatic planes, resulting in larger channels compared to those in the isoreticular material MOF-235. While few iron-based MOFs have demonstrated porosity, nitrogen and hydrogen sorption experiments carried out at 77 K proved the porosity of outgassed 1, which has a Langmuir surface are of 635 m2/g and a gravimetric capacity of 0.9 wt% of hydrogen at 1 bar. 相似文献
90.
The row‐nucleated lamellar crystalline structure of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) films was prepared by applying elongation stress to HDPE melt during T‐die cast film extrusion and subsequently annealing the extruded films. This unusual crystalline structure was analyzed in terms of lamellar crystalline orientation, long‐period lamellar spacing, crystallite size, and degree of crystallinity. The contribution of melt‐extension represented by draw‐down‐ratio (DDR) to the overall orientation was found to be most noticeable than other processing variables. Meanwhile, the long‐period lamellar spacing, the crystallite size, and the degree of crystallinity were influenced predominantly by the annealing temperature. Finally, the processing (melt extension and annealing temperature) – structure (lamellar crystalline structure) – property (hard elasticity) relationship of HDPE films was investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3326–3333, 2007 相似文献