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81.
在车轮-钢轨高速滚动接触疲劳试验机上进行油介质下高速轮轨低黏着特性和增黏试验,研究油介质条件下不同速度、蠕滑率、轴质量以及撒砂对黏着系数的影响,最高试验线速度200 km/h。结果表明:黏着系数随蠕滑率的增加先增大、再微降随后趋于平稳,在蠕滑率3%左右达到最大;随着速度的增加,黏着系数呈快速下降趋势,如速度从50 km/h增加至200 km/h时,最大黏着系数从0.092下降至0.049;当轴质量由12 t增至16 t时,黏着系数仅略微增加了0.01;撒砂后,黏着系数约为未撒砂时的3倍左右,且依然随速度增加而降低;撒砂会使得试验后轮轨表面产生很多麻坑,从而增大了表面粗糙度,对增黏起到了一定作用,但增黏砂会对接触表面造成显著损伤,在极端条件下会促进滚动接触疲劳的萌生,威胁运行安全。 相似文献
82.
Self-polymerized dopamine was used to form a thin layer onto stainless steel (SS) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) sheets followed by covalent grafting of pentadecafluorooctanoyl chloride by esterification and amidation reactions. The surface functionalization was characterized at each step by contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The anti-adhesive properties of native surfaces, polydopamine-coated surfaces and hydrophobic fluorinated surfaces were tested against Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus). The results reveal an inhibition of bacteria growth towards Gram-negative bacteria on fluorinated surfaces. This work proposes a novel method to easily fluorinate in two steps both metallic and organic surfaces using “universal” polydopamine coating as a key step. 相似文献
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Ji Yeong Lee Won Kyung Seong In-Suk Choi Ranajay Ghosh Ashkan Vaziri Cheol-Woong Yang 《The Journal of Adhesion》2015,91(5):369-380
We report the deformation behavior and mechanical properties of a polymeric micropillar, which measures approximately 10 μm by 30 μm in size by measuring the loading/unloading response using an in situ force measurement system. When the single poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) micropillar was subjected to compression, we observed a periodic wrinkle and global (Euler) buckling at the sidewall. During unloading, we found the pull-off force (adhesion force) to increase for higher values of preloading and also for lower loading/unloading rates. From the slope of the load–displacement curves measured in situ, we calculated the effective elastic stiffness of the PDMS micropillar to be about 2.03 MPa. In addition to the current work, we report that this method can be used more broadly for in situ measurement of the intrinsic mechanical and adhesion properties of polymers and other relatively soft materials. 相似文献
86.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(12):17376-17384
A silicon/diamond-like carbon (Si/DLC) multilayer nanocomposite coating (MNC) was applied to the Ti–29Nb–13Ta?4.6Zr (TNTZ) alloy to improve its wear resistance and durability. The Si/DLC MNC on the TNTZ alloy demonstrated an extremely low wear rate of 6.2 × 10?10 mm3N?1mm?1. Moreover, the wear track depth after one million wear cycles was found to be only 220 nm, while the thickness of the entire coating was 370 nm. Furthermore, cell culture tests demonstrated that the Si/DLC MNC samples exhibited better biocompatibility than the TNTZ alloy samples. A quantitative comparison of the cell adhesion behavior of the TNTZ and Si/DLC MNC samples indicated that 60% of the surface of the Si/DLC MNC sample was covered with cells, which was approximately twice the surface of the TNTZ alloy sample covered with cells. In addition, no dead cells were observed on the Si/DLC MNC samples, indicating that the Si/DLC MNC samples exhibited no toxic effects against the MC3T3 cells. These results indicate that the Si/DLC MNC enhances the wear resistance of the TNTZ alloy and improves its biofunctionality, thus making it a potential candidate for use in long-term implant applications. 相似文献
87.
评述了金属涂装硅烷前处理技术的研究进展,对其成膜与防腐机理、工艺方法以及硅烷产品的改性做了详细的介绍。新型硅烷锆盐复合产品能够显著提高纳米膜层的耐蚀性,硅烷产品与高泳透力电泳涂料配套使用能够保证涂层的性能,硅烷产品稳定性的提高使其在工业生产中得到广泛应用。 相似文献
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Normally Oriented Adhesion versus Friction Forces in Bacterial Adhesion to Polymer‐Brush Functionalized Surfaces Under Fluid Flow 下载免费PDF全文
Jan J. T. M. Swartjes Deepak H. Veeregowda Henny C. van der Mei Henk J. Busscher Prashant K. Sharma 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(28):4435-4441
Bacterial adhesion is problematic in many diverse applications. Coatings of hydrophilic polymer chains in a brush configuration reduce bacterial adhesion by orders of magnitude, but not to zero. Here, the mechanism by which polymer‐brush functionalized surfaces reduce bacterial adhesion from a flowing carrier fluid by relating bacterial adhesion with normally oriented adhesion and friction forces on polymer (PEG)‐brush coatings of different softness is studied. Softer brush coatings deform more than rigid ones, which yields extensive bond‐maturation and strong, normally oriented adhesion forces, accompanied by irreversible adhesion of bacteria. On rigid brushes, normally oriented adhesion forces remain small, allowing desorption and accordingly lower numbers of adhering bacteria result. Friction forces, generated by fluid flow and normally oriented adhesion forces, are required to oppose fluid shear forces and cause immobile adhesion. Summarizing, inclusion of friction forces and substratum softness provides a more complete mechanism of bacterial adhesion from flowing carrier fluids than available hitherto. 相似文献
90.
Yanmin Zhou Adam Robinson Ullrich Steiner Walter Federle 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2014,11(98)
Insect climbing footpads are able to adhere to rough surfaces, but the details of this capability are still unclear. To overcome experimental limitations of randomly rough, opaque surfaces, we fabricated transparent test substrates containing square arrays of 1.4 µm diameter pillars, with variable height (0.5 and 1.4 µm) and spacing (from 3 to 22 µm). Smooth pads of cockroaches (Nauphoeta cinerea) made partial contact (limited to the tops of the structures) for the two densest arrays of tall pillars, but full contact (touching the substrate in between pillars) for larger spacings. The transition from partial to full contact was accompanied by a sharp increase in shear forces. Tests on hairy pads of dock beetles (Gastrophysa viridula) showed that setae adhered between pillars for larger spacings, but pads were equally unable to make full contact on the densest arrays. The beetles'' shear forces similarly decreased for denser arrays, but also for short pillars and with a more gradual transition. These observations can be explained by simple contact models derived for soft uniform materials (smooth pads) or thin flat plates (hairy-pad spatulae). Our results show that microstructured substrates are powerful tools to reveal adaptations of natural adhesives for rough surfaces. 相似文献