第11届欧洲铅蓄电池会议论文介绍

根据第11届欧洲铅蓄电池会议的论文摘要，简单介绍了会议上各篇报告的内容。     

Studies of the pulse charge of lead-acid batteries for photovoltaic applications: Part IV. Pulse charge of the negative plate

The paper discusses the influence of the state of charge and pulse charge frequency on the mechanism of the lead-acid battery recharge with pulse current. The data from the pulse charge transients of the negative plate potential at various frequencies show that a decrease of the pulse charge frequency keeping constant average pulse current can impede the charge reaction leading to earlier start of the hydrogen evolution reaction. The dependence of the electrochemical double layer (EDL) capacitance on the state of charge was estimated both during the charge and the discharge using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements at open circuit, followed by equivalent circuit modelling. These data were used to derive the dependence of the average double layer current on SOC and pulse charge frequency. The results show that in the end of the charge almost all of the charge proceeds with the participation of EDL in a certain pulse frequency domain. Using the data from the impedance measurements the optimal pulse charge frequencies were predicted, considering the existence of “electrochemical resonance”. The latter appears when the pulse charge frequency approaches the characteristic frequency of the Pb electrodeposition process, given by the product between EDL capacitance and the charge transfer resistance.     

矿山非对中导线测量方法研究

针对矿山测量等地下工程平面控制测量传统方法中存在的对中和照准点上悬持线不稳定性问题，基于偏心观测理论和自由设站方法，对地下导线测量的设点、观测、计算、精度分析及可行性进行分析探讨，并通过部分实验证明该方法的可行性。     

一种低温无硼无铅生料乳浊釉的研究

研究了一种无硼无铅生料乳浊釉，并讨论了影响乳浊度的一些因素     

Stability studies of PbS sensitised TiO2 nanotube arrays for visible light photocatalytic applications by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)

Titania nanotube array sensitised with lead sulphide (PbS) were synthesised using a successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The PbS sensitation gives visible light sensitivity to the titania nanotube arrays. The PbS sensitised titania nanotube were characterised using X-ray diffraction, UV–visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The stability of the PbS sensitised titania nanotube were monitored through the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activity of the titania sensitised with PbS were studied by monitoring the degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity and solar cell efficiency is found to be highly depended on the number of SILAR cycle used for the sensitisation of PbS on titania nanotube. The sample coated for 3 SILAR cycle of PbS shows highest solar cell efficiency and photocatalytic activity under visible light. The photocatalytic activity drastically decreased in the samples after the Ist cycle of photocatalytic reaction. The drastic decrease in the photoactivity is due to the dissolution of PbS nanoparticle on the surface of titania nanotube after the first cycle of photocatalytic reaction. XPS was employed as a tool to probe the dissolution of PbS nanoparticles.     

Fluorescence properties and energy transfer mechanism of Sm ion in lead telluroborate glasses

We report the fluorescence properties of Sm³⁺-doped lead telluroborate glasses of composition PbF₂.TeO₂.H₃BO₃.Sm₂O₃ as a function of Sm³⁺ concentration. A Judd-Ofelt scheme was used to determine the intensity parameters and radiative properties of Sm³⁺ ion. The emission and decay measurements were carried out at 402 nm excitation. Beyond 1.0 mol% Sm³⁺ concentration, the luminescence quenching is observed. The decay curves of ⁴G_5/2 level are well fitted to a single exponential function. The evaluated radiative properties suggest that the ⁴G_5/2 → ⁶H_7/2 transition is responsible for reddish-orange luminescence which might be used in the development of visible lasers.     

A practical solid sampling method for the determination of lead in chewing gum by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

In this study, the lead concentrations of chewing gum samples having different compositions were determined by solid sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. In order to optimise the experimental conditions, the effects of pyrolysis temperature, atomization temperature, sample amount and sample thermal pre-treatment, on the analyte sensitivity were investigated. The samples were ashed at 400 °C for 2 h prior to directly determined by SS-ETAAS applying 600 °C of pyrolysis and 1600 °C of atomization temperatures without to add a modifier, acid and/or surfactant. The relationship between sample mass and integrated absorbance was linear up to 1.2 mg of sample; for higher sample mass the relationship was no longer linear, irrespective of the lead content. In addition, the thermally treated chewing gum samples were digested using concentrated HNO₃. The lead concentrations found by the two methods in 27 different kinds of samples were not significantly different at 95% confidence level. The proposed solid sampling technique was fast, simple, the risks of contamination and analyte loss were low. Detection limit (3σ) for lead was 0.017 ng/g.     

隧道下穿红线渠施工技术分析

岭西隧道在下穿浅埋、地表河流水量大的红线渠全~强安山玢岩地段时,先以超前地质预报对前方围岩状况进行预判,后以洞身超前大管棚注浆预支护、环形开挖预留核心土法开挖、全断面径向注浆辅以监控量测,成功穿过浅埋、地表河流水量大的全~强安山玢岩地段,获得良好的效果。     

湿法炼铅研究进展

通过湿法冶金途径从硫化铅精矿中提取铅,是颇具吸引力的方法。本文介绍了处理铅精矿的湿法炼铅研究工作进展并对各种方法进行评述;重点放在铅的氯化湿法冶金,包括铅精矿直接电解、铅精矿的三氯化铁浸出、从中间产物氯化铅中回收铅及复杂硫化矿处理的研究。