含碱活性碳酸盐骨料地质聚合物砂浆的变形行为

为探究传统碱–碳酸盐反应（ACR）机理和碱活性碳酸盐骨料在地质聚合物中的反应行为,对比研究了含纯白云石（YT）和含加拿大 Kingston 白云质灰岩（CK）地质聚合物砂浆分别在不同养护条件[室温相对湿度（RH）大于 95%、38 ℃时 RH〉95%和 80 ℃时 1mol/L NaOH 溶液]下的变形行为。结果显示：YT 在 3 种养护条件地质聚合物中仅起填料作用而使砂浆收缩略有减小;含 CK 地质聚合物砂浆随温度和/或碱度变化呈现显著不同的变形行为,特别是在 38 ℃、RH 〉 95%和 80 ℃、1 mol/L NaOH 溶液条件下分别于不同养护阶段产生微小膨胀;预示 CK 在地质聚合物体系中的反应机制可能与硅酸盐水泥体系中的显著不同,通过选择特定的碳酸盐骨料和养护条件,可望实现地质聚合物体系变形的调控     

含稀土尾矿制备无机矿物聚合物的试验研究

将含有稀土元素的尾矿作为掺合料制备新型无机矿物聚合物,通过对其砂浆试件各性能测试来探索其制备的工艺条件,结果表明,当尾矿掺量为30%,水玻璃模数为1.2,水玻璃掺量(以Na2O计)为4.5%时,液固比为0.6时试件的强度最大抗压强度达到48Mpa,抗折强度达到6.8Mpa     

燃煤渣-花岗岩粉基地质聚合物的制备

采用燃煤渣和花岗岩粉为主要原料制备地质聚合物。当燃煤渣与花岗岩粉的质量比为10,NaOH溶液（6 mol/L）与燃煤渣比值为0.25 mL/g,水玻璃与燃煤渣比值为0.18 mL/g,养护温度60 ℃,带模养护时间2天时,脱模后得到的最终产物在28天的抗压强度可达20.96 MPa。结果表明,氢氧化钠溶液对试样抗压强度的影响是硅铝溶解、泛霜及孔隙率变化等多重因素综合作用的结果。水玻璃的加入并不能使试样的矿物组成发生较大改变,但可以显著提高反应体系中硅酸盐低聚离子的浓度,增加凝胶的生成量。花岗岩粉在碱激发的条件下未表现出明显的地质聚合能力,但适量掺入仍可以起到骨料和填充作用,提高地质聚合物的抗压强度。本研究拓宽了制备地质聚合物的原料来源,为燃煤渣和花岗岩粉在建筑材料方面的利用提供了参考。     

硅酸镁铝及静置时间对3D打印地聚合物砂浆流变性能的影响

以粉煤灰、矿粉、石英砂为主要原材料,无水硅酸钠为碱激发剂,硅酸镁铝为专用外加剂,制备了粉煤灰基3D打印地聚合物砂浆(以下简称地聚合物砂浆),研究了硅酸镁铝掺量及静置时间对其流变性能的影响,并在最佳硅酸镁铝掺量和最适合静置时间条件下进行了3D打印上机试验.结果表明:地聚合物砂浆的流变性能随着硅酸镁铝掺量的增加而增加,且随着静置时间的增加总体呈增长趋势;采用宾汉(Bingham)流体模型和赫切尔-巴尔克(Herschel-Bulkley)流体模型拟合地聚合物砂浆的流变曲线后发现,上述2种模型的拟合度R²均较高,综合考虑后认为,宾汉流体模型比赫切尔巴尔克流体模型更具优越性;掺加1.0%硅酸镁铝和10 min左右静置时间的地聚合物砂浆能够较好地适用于3D打印工艺,且打印效果良好.     

Assessment of mechanical and micro-structural characterization of novel ambient cured cement-free composite concrete

To minimize the utilization of natural resources & consuming of huge energy and in order to control the global warming, industrial waste based geopolymer has attracted by the researchers. The manufacturing of GGBS-FA based Geopolymer Concrete (GFGPC) are essential due to its cost-effective reuse by recycling the industrial wastes. The impact of various quantities of Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS), activator concentration, alkaline solution to solid ratios and liquid ratios of silicate to hydroxide of sodium on experimented mechanical strength and microstructural characterization are investigated. The novelty and research significance lie in adoption of ambient curing techniques, reduced time interval between Alkali Activator Solution (AAS) preparation and concrete casting from 24 h to 3–6. It was observed that with decrease of GGBS content from 70% to 30%, compressive strength at 28 days was reduced from 53 MPa to 36 MPa. A mix containing 40–50% GGBS, AAS to binder ratio of 0.45–0.55, 7 M(Molar) solution of Sodium Hydroxide (SH), ratio of sodium silicate (SS) to sodium hydroxide (SH) of 1.5–2.0 along with 3–6 h of time interval between AAS preparation and concrete casting were proposed as an optimum design mix with respect to compressive strength, workability and setting time. The empirical predictions of splitting-tensile strength and flexural strength of developed GFGPC were made based on the experimental laboratory results and made comparisons with respect to the equations of ACI 318, Eurocode 2, AS 3600 and IS 456 for OPC based conventional concrete (CC_OPC) and others existing literature for GPC. Additionally, XRF, XRD, FESEM and EDS were conducted to investigate the microstructural properties and the reaction mechanism of GFGPC.     

矿渣-粉煤灰地聚物固化淤泥力学性能和路用性能研究

为实现河底淤泥的资源化处置,常采用水泥等胶凝材料固化淤泥提高承载力作为路基材料。传统固化材料能耗大、碳排放量高。为开发可持续性固化材料,本研究采用矿渣-粉煤灰二元地聚物固化淤泥,研究其力学性能及路用性能。通过研究Si/Al摩尔比、Na/Al摩尔比对地聚物凝结时间和抗压强度的影响规律,确定地聚物配合比设计。依据优化配合比固化淤泥,研究地聚物掺量、养护龄期对固化淤泥力学性能的影响,并对固化淤泥进行水稳性、加州承载比、干缩和温缩试验,以评估其路用性能;采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射等试验方法对固化淤泥进行微观分析,揭示其固化机制。试验结果表明,矿渣-粉煤灰基地聚物地质聚合产物为无定形地聚物凝胶、水化硅酸钙、水化铝酸钙等,增强了土颗粒之间的胶结并且填充了孔隙,提高了固化淤泥的力学性能和路用性能。研究结果为地聚物固化淤泥土工程应用提供了实验基础。     

镧改性粉煤灰地质聚合物泡沫材料吸附含磷废水研究

以粉煤灰制备的地聚物泡沫材料为原料,通过浸渍-焙烧的方法制备镧改性泡沫材料,研究了镧改性泡沫材料对含磷废水的吸附效果。结果表明,镧改性实验的最佳条件为: 氯化镧溶液pH=9、镧离子浓度0.3%、固液比1∶25、焙烧温度300 ℃、焙烧时间2 h; 吸附实验的最佳条件为: 镧改性材料用量2 g/L、废水pH=7、含磷废水浓度5 mg/L、吸附时间2 h,此条件下镧改性泡沫材料对磷的去除率达90.3%。机理分析结果表明,镧只存在于泡沫材料的表面,并未进入泡沫材料的硅氧四面体骨架中; 吸附过程中,磷只是与泡沫材料表面的镧发生了化学吸附,生成的磷酸镧络合物并未进入泡沫材料的四面体骨架中。     

Synthesis and mechanical properties of lightweight hybrid geopolymer foams reinforced with carbon nanotubes

A lightweight hybrid geopolymer foams reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was exploited by adding the CNTs into geopolymeric matrix through hydrogen peroxide method. The synergistic effects of nanotubes and foaming agent on the phase evolution, microstructure, and mechanical properties were investigated. After introduction of nanotubes, the geopolymer foams reinforced with CNTs (CNTs/KGP) still showed amorphous structure. Porosity of the foams increased with the H₂O₂ content and decreased with the increase in CNTs content. The addition of CNTs (1-9 wt%) in foams refined the distribution of pore size from 523 to 352 μm. Compression strength of the CNTs/KGP samples elevated with the increasing content of CNTs, which was contributed to the crack propagation and bridging of CNTs in foams. The CNTs/KGP foams with considerable porosity show potential applications in adsorption, filtration, membrane supports, other industries, etc     

Effects of fiber contents on the mechanical and microwave absorbent properties of carbon fiber felt reinforced geopolymer composites

In this paper, phosphate-based geopolymer composites are studied and the effects of different carbon fiber felt contents (from 20?vol% to 40?vol%) on the phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties and microwave absorbent properties from 2?GHz to 18?GHz frequency band of the composites were systematically investigated. The results indicate that with the increase in carbon fiber felt contents, flexural strength and Young's modulus of the composites gradually increased. The fracture mode of the composite changed from brittle failure to ductile failure with the presence of carbon fiber felt. It was mainly due to the micropore deformation as well as fibers pulling-out and the crack deflection, which consumed most fracture energy. However, microwave absorbent performance tended to increase at first and then decreased as the carbon fiber felt content ramping up. When the content of carbon fiber felt in the composite was 26.7?vol%, the composite showed the best microwave absorbent performance and the reflection loss reached to ??59.3?dB. It is mainly attributed to the Debye polarization of the carbon fibers and the interface polarization between fibers and the matrix.     

Thin fly ash/ ladle furnace slag geopolymer: Effect of elevated temperature exposure on flexural properties and morphological characteristics

The flexural properties and thermal performance of 10 mm-thin geopolymers made from fly ash and ladle furnace slag were evaluated before and after exposure to elevated temperatures (300 °C, 600 °C, 900 °C, 1100 °C and 1150 °C). Class F fly ash was mixed with liquid sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃) and 12 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution using aluminosilicate/activator ratio of 1:2.5 and Na₂SiO₃/NaOH ratio of 1:4 to synthesise thin fly ash (FA) geopolymers. 40 wt% of ladle furnace slag was partially replacing fly ash to produce fly ash/slag-based (FAS) geopolymers. Thermal treatment enhanced the flexural strength of thin geopolymers. In comparison to the unexposed specimen, the flexural strength of FA geopolymers at 1150 °C and FAS geopolymers 1100 °C was increased by 161.3% to 16.2 MPa and 208.9% to 24.1 MPa, respectively. A more uniform heating was achieved in thin geopolymers which favoured the phase transformation at high temperatures and contributed to the substantial increase in flexural strength. The joint effect of elevated temperature exposure and the incorporation of ladle furnace slag further improved the flexural strength of thin geopolymers. The calcium-rich slag refined the pore structure and increased the crystallinity of thin geopolymers which aided in high strength development.