A network management architecture for robust packet routing in meshoptical access networks

We describe an architecture for an optical local area network (LAN) or metropolitan area network (MAN) access. The architecture allows for bandwidth sharing within a wavelength and is robust to both link and node failures. The architecture can be utilized with an arbitrary, link-redundant mesh network (node-redundancy is necessary only to handle all node failures), and assumes neither the use of a star topology nor the ability to embed such a topology within the physical mesh. Reservation of, bandwidth is performed in a centralized fashion at a (replicated) head end node, simplifying the implementation of complex sharing policies relative to implementation on a distributed set of routers. Unlike a router, however, the head end does not take any action on individual packets and, in particular, does not buffer packets. The architecture thus avoids the difficulties of processing packets in the optical domain while allowing for packetized shared access of wavelengths. We describe the route construction scheme and prove its ability to recover from single link and single node failures, outline a flexible medium access protocol and discuss the implications for implementing specific policies, and propose a simple implementation of the recovery protocol in terms of state machines for per-link devices     

Studies on crystallization behaviors and crystal morphology of polyamide 66/clay nanocomposites

X‐ray diffraction methods, DSC thermal analysis, and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were used to investigate the structural changes of nylon 66/clay nanocomposites. PA 66/clay nanocomposites were prepared by the method of melt intercalation. The results indicate that the addition of the intercalated organo‐montmorillonite (OMMT) can induce generation of the β‐form crystal of PA 66 and substantially affect the arrangement of molecules in the α‐form crystal, although the crystallinity scarcely changes. Also, the DSC results indicate that the addition of OMMT in the PA 66 matrix leads to increases of crystallization temperatures and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the exothermic peaks. Moreover, the viscosity factor is the main influence on FWHM of the exothermic peaks of PA 66/clay nanocomposites. The results of nonisothermal crystallization kinetics show that OMMT has the effect of heterogeneous nucleation and leads to the decrease of the size of the spherocrystal. The heterogeneous nucleation effects of OMMTs influence the mechanism of crystallization and the growth mode of PA 66 crystals. PLM photographs verify that the size of spherocrystal is decreased and visually confirm the theory of crystallization kinetics. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 756–763, 2005     

Stability Analysis of Networked Control Systems based on <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>p</Subscript> Properties

To handle the communication constraint imposed by the serial communication channel in networked control systems (NCSs), we discuss a popular dynamic scheduling protocol called Maximum-Error-First (MEF) protocol. An important parameter in this protocol is the maximum allowable transmission interval (MATI), which indicates the communication cost for the task of control. To take as large MATI as possible under the constraint of guaranteeing stability is one formalization of the design requirement to consume as little communication resources as possible with the control performances ensured. A method to estimate this parameter based on the ? _p norm is suggested in this paper, which gives larger estimation than some methods do in the literature through simulation examples.     

Experimental and numerical investigations on compressive properties of porous twisted wire materials

Wire diameter, sintering parameter, and porosity have great influences on porous structures and compressive properties of the stainless steel porous twisted wire materials with 30–92% porosities. Finer wires, higher sintering temperature, and longer sintering time will lead to narrower pore-size distributions, more compact porous structures, and stronger compressive yield strength. A random pore model and a twisted wire framework model are put forward to simulate the compressive process. The compressive deformation mechanism is a continuous densification process. The simulated and experimental stress-strain curves all exhibit elastic stage, plastic yield platform stage, and final densification stage.     

The rapid detection for methane of ZnO porous nanoflakes with the decoration of Ag nanoparticles

Realizing the real-time detection of CH₄ is important for the safety of human life. A facile hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Ag nanoparticles-decorated ZnO porous nanoflakes (PNFs) in this study. The characterization results confirmed that Ag nanoparticles had been decorated in ZnO nanoflakes with the thickness of ~10 nm. The gas-sensing properties of Ag-decorated ZnO nanoflakes were also investigated. While the gas-sensing performances of ZnO were remarkably improved by decorating Ag nanoparticles on the surface of ZnO nanoflakes, the response of the Ag-decorated ZnO sensor to 3000 ppm CH₄ is almost 1.3 times as high as that of pristine ZnO sensor. The obtained Ag/ZnO sensor exhibits better long-term stability and shorter response recovery time (5/38 s) in the comparison with pristine ZnO, demonstrating the possibility for the actual detection of CH₄. The enhanced CH₄ sensing performance can be attributed to the synergism between the unique hierarchical porous structure and the sensitizing actions utilized by the Ag nanoparticles.     

基于视觉的机械臂轨迹优化方法研究

针对应用视觉系统进行工件抓取时,工件相互遮挡导致识别工件不准确且抓取效率较低的问题,提出基于视觉的机械臂轨迹优化方法。由相机采集工件图像信息,通过标定机械臂坐标系、工件坐标系及相机坐标系,建立“手眼”坐标关系,基于点云数据对工件识别与定位;提出改进遗传-鲸鱼混合轨迹规划算法,以控制工件抓取过程。对机械臂的3个重要关节进行了运动仿真与实验测试。仿真结果显示：改进的遗传-鲸鱼混合算法收敛速度更快,搜索能力更强,优化后的抓取时间比基本遗传算法优化的抓取时间减少了2.3 s。实验结果表明：基于点云识别的机械臂抓取成功率达到93.75%,极大提高了抓取效率,验证了算法的有效性。     

EPS水泥基复合材料界面改性试验研究

采用三乙醇胺改性剂和水性环氧树脂对发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)颗粒进行表面改性处理,通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析研究了EPS水泥基复合材料的界面改性机理.结果表明:三乙醇胺和水性环氧树脂共同作用能够有效改善EPS颗粒与胶凝材料界面间的黏结程度,并可形成整体的核壳结构,从而提高了EPS水泥基复合材料的界面性能及力学性能.     

Constructing porous ZnO/SnO2 nanocomposites for the detection of methane at low operating temperature

Journal of Porous Materials - Aimed at detecting methane (CH4) gas at low operating temperature, porous ZnO/SnO2 nanocomposites were constructed through a simple two-step method. Pure SnO2 with a...     

高频氢等离子体增强还原制备超细铜粉

利用高频感应热氢等离子体强化还原制备超细铜粉,考察了加料速率、还原氢气流量、氢气分布位置、反应区空间、冷却温度等因素对铜粉颗粒性能的影响,对制备的铜粉颗粒进行氧含量、XRD晶体结构、松装密度、粒度分布和比表面积的表征。结果表明,优化的工艺条件为反应区内径100 mm,加料速率4 g/min,淬火气氩气气量500 L/h,氢气气量500 L/h并通入少量载气,由氢等离子电离产生的氢自由基可强化反应实现瞬时还原,不仅可控制铜粉形貌,还能有效控制铜粉颗粒大小;利用该方法制备出粒径分布100?200 nm、分散性好的超细球形铜粉颗粒。该方法操作简便、产品纯度高、气氛可控、对环境污染小。     

高山峡谷区带状地形图空地一体化测绘方法研究

针对在高山峡谷区利用无人机测绘长线路带状地形图存在精度不足的问题,提出了一种结合无人机倾斜摄影测量技术和车载激光扫描技术的高山峡谷区带状地形图空地一体化测绘方法。首先,归纳了高山峡谷区无人机测绘带状地形图存在的3个主要问题:控制点数量偏少和分布不均、传统航测空三加密方式不适应倾斜摄影空三加密、无人机点云非地形噪点滤除难度大,并分别给出了相应的解决方案。基于上述解决方案,提出了完整的带状地形图测绘流程和方法。实验验证结果表明:在无人机倾斜摄影测量生成的带状地形图满足工程带宽要求的基础上,结合车载激光扫描技术后,地形图测绘精度进一步提高,可以满足大比例尺工程地形图的实际测绘需要。