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1.
采用平面激光诱导荧光技术测量双组分层式撞击流反应器撞击区浓度分布,利用混沌理论分析不同喷嘴间距、喷嘴直径和射流雷诺数下撞击流反应器浓度场混沌特征参数(关联维、Kolmogorov熵和最大Lyapunov指数)的变化规律。结果表明,撞击流反应器内浓度场混沌特征参数随喷嘴间距的增大呈上下波动的变化趋势,Kolmogorov熵在L=2d时达到最大。浓度场混沌特征参数随喷嘴直径增大呈上下波动的变化趋势,Kolmogorov熵在d=8 mm时整体上最大;射流雷诺数为Re=22 000时整体上混沌特征参数最佳。受二次撞击区的影响,撞击面上靠近二次撞击区各点的混沌特征参数有明显提高。  相似文献   
2.
The mechanistic pathway of MgO-Al2O3 reaction in solid state to form MgAl2O4 spinel was investigated to correlate the kinetic parameters with ratio of reactants (MgO:Al2O3) and with the presence of a doping agent, TiO2. The time-temperature-expansion data of oxide compacts was analyzed using several model free analyses and model based (linear and non-linear) kinetic algorithms. These indicated that spinel formation process can be best described by single step with n-dimensional Avrami equation for every MgO:Al2O3 ratio, irrespective of titania dopant. The activation energy (Ea) of the process was proportional to % spinel formed in each system and validated with quantitative XRD analysis. The higher value of Avrami coefficient (n) in 90 wt% Al2O3 compositions has been explained with geometric considerations of powder packing. Incorporations of 1% TiO2 in the MgO: Al2O3 oxide compact did not markedly affect the reaction model, frequency factor and Activation energy.  相似文献   
3.
借Duffing系统在简谐激励下发生的对称破裂分岔与激变的实例分析,推介对称系统非线性动力学现象的特色及其研究对策;解释了混沌鞍在混沌动力学分析中的作用。研究表明:周期解的对称破裂分岔只需通过一次鞍结分岔就可直接实现。而混沌吸引子的对称破裂激变往往需要通过边界激变、内部激变与吸引子融合激变等组合手段方能实现。  相似文献   
4.
为了探讨采矿过程中受时间和空间影响的地表移动变形的发生发展机理,提出了一种基于Weibull时间序列函数与负指数法的动态沉陷预计方法。该方法以研究描述地表沉陷区观测点下沉变化过程的Weibull时间序列函数为基础,认为Weibull时间序列函数在描述地表观测点沉陷的动态过程时,不仅能较好地拟合下沉-时间(wt)曲线,而且由此推出的速度-时间(v-t)曲线和加速度-时间(a-t)曲线也能够很好地符合地表沉陷随时间变化的物理过程。基于实测资料确定的负指数法在描述地表移动盆地时具有实践应用性强、预计精度高等特点,给出了走向主断面半无限开采负指数法的下沉预计公式及参数求取方法。根据主断面动态沉陷模型的一般形式,将Weibull时间序列函数与负指数预计函数相结合,建立了充分采动条件下沉陷盆地走向主断面的动态地表下沉、倾斜、曲率、水平移动和水平变形模型,并对某煤矿的地表动态沉陷进行了预计,结果表明,预计结果与实测结果具有很好的一致性,可为实现矿区地表动态沉陷预计提供参考。  相似文献   
5.
This paper characterizes stress levels via a self‐similarity analysis of the electrodermal activity (EDA) collected in a real‐world driving context. To characterize the EDA richness over scales, the fractional Brownian motion (FBM) process and its corresponding exponent H, estimated via a wavelet‐based approach, are used. Specifically, an automatic scale range selection is proposed in order to detect the linearity in a log scale diagram. The procedure is applied to the EDA signals, from the open database drivedb, originally captured on the foot and the hand of the drivers during a real‐world driving experiment, designed to evoke different levels of arousal and stress. The estimated Hurst exponent H offers a distinction in stress levels when driving in highway versus city, with a reference to restful state of minimal stress level. Specifically, the estimated H values tend to decrease when the driving environmental complexity increases. In addition, the estimated H values on the foot EDA signals allow a better characterization of the driving task than that of hand EDA. The self‐similarity analysis was applied to various physiological signals in literature but not to the EDA so far, a signal which was found to correlate most with human affect. The proposed analysis could be useful in real‐time monitoring of stress levels in urban driving spaces, among other applications.  相似文献   
6.
Thermal analysis is one of the most used techniques for analyzing the behavior of aluminum alloys in order to analyze the precipitation of Guinier?Preston (GP) zones and different phases formed. In the present work, the behavior of the Al?5.46wt.%Zn? 1.67wt.%Mg alloy was studied. The mechanism and kinetics of precipitation of the GP, the metastable phase η′ and the equilibrium phase η were investigated using DSC carried out between room temperature and 480 °C at heating rates of 5, 10, 15 and 20 °C/min. The apparent activation energies, calculated by DSC from isothermal calculation method using JMAK model, for GP, η′ and η were 56, 79 and 96 kJ/mol, respectively, and those calculated by non-isothermal calculation method using Kissinger methods were 57, 82 and 99 kJ/mol, respectively. The values of Avrami parameter, n, from isothermal calculation, during the precipitation of the GP, η′ and η were 1.103, 1.9075 and 1.92, respectively, and those calculated by non-isothermal were 0.86, 2.30 and 2.24, respectively. The results show that GP zones formation is governed by the migration of Zn and Mg atoms while the precipitation of the η′ metastable phase and the η stable phase is governed by both the migration and the diffusion of the solute atoms.  相似文献   
7.
短期负荷预测是电力系统调度运营部门一项重要的基础工作,预测精度的高低直接影响到电网运行的安全性、经济性以及电能质量。采用符合短期负荷特性的混沌理论对短期负荷进行预测,在相空间重构和混沌识别的基础上,建立短期负荷加权一阶局域多步预测模型和最大Lyapunov指数的预测模型,通过对一组实际的短期负荷数据进行预测,仿真结果表明:两种方法都能较准确地预测短期负荷,对于一周内的预测结果,最大Lyapunov指数预测模型的预测精度略高于加权一阶局域多步预测模型的预测精度。  相似文献   
8.
以内蒙古某酸法粉煤灰提铝硅渣为对象,研究了其在NaOH溶液中的非晶态SiO2的脱硅行为,通过脱硅反应中脱硅率随时间的变化,研究搅拌速度、反应温度、NaOH溶液浓度对脱硅率的影响。通过拟合实验数据,确定脱硅反应的动力学规律和宏观动力学方程,并计算相应的表观活化能。结果表明:搅拌速度对脱硅率影响较小,提高反应温度和NaOH浓度可以大幅提高脱硅率,提铝硅渣在NaOH溶液中的脱硅反应受化学反应控制且符合Avrami方程,脱硅反应的表观活化能为82.086 kJ/mol。  相似文献   
9.
Xanthan gum solutions with different mass concentrations were used to study the chaotic characteristics induced by the impeller of perturbed six-bent-blade turbine(6 PBT) in a stirred vessel. Based on the velocity time series obtained by the experiment of particle image velocimetry(PIV), with the software MATLAB(R2016a), the distributions of the largest Lyapunov exponent(LLE) and Kolmogorov entropy(K entropy) of the system, as two important parameters for characterizing the chaotic degree, were investigated respectively. Results showed that both of the LLE and K entropy increased with the increasing speed at the beginning. As the speed was up to 200 r·min-1, the two parameters reached the maximal values meanwhile, corresponding to 0.535 and 0.834, respectively, which indicated that the chaotic degree of the flow field was up to the highest level. When the speed was increased further, both of the LLE and K entropy decreased on the contrary, which meant that the chaotic degree was decreasing. It was also observed that the chaotic characteristics of flow field were hardly affected by the fluid rheology and the detecting positions. The research results will enhance the understanding of the chaotic mixing mechanism and provide a theoretical reference for optimizing impeller structure.  相似文献   
10.
苏里格气田二叠系河流相砂岩气藏储集层致密,有效砂体多呈孤立状或条带状分布。气井投产后,储集层内流体长期处于不稳定流动状态,进入边界控制流时间晚,传统Arps递减方法适应性差,难以满足现场应用要求。通过分析Arps递减方法适应性差的原因,应用数值模拟方法研究了致密气藏气井递减指数变化规律,明确了递减指数与气井流体流动阶段的关系,提出在气井不稳定流动阶段采用河道线性流模型预测,进入边界控制流阶段采用Arps模型预测。气井处于不稳定流动阶段时,进入边界控制流的临界点时间由理论公式确定;已进入边界控制流阶段时,以偏离线性流的拐点为临界点时间。实例应用效果表明,采用递减组合模型预测气井递减特征及指标准确有效。  相似文献   
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