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1.
With the blossom of information industry, electromagnetic wave technology shows increasingly potential in many fields. Nevertheless, the trouble caused by electromagnetic waves has also drawn extensive attention. For instance, electromagnetic pollution can threaten information safety in vital fields and the normal function of delicate electronic devices. Consequently, electromagnetic pollution and interference become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become a potential candidate to deal with these problems due to many advantages, such as high dielectric loss, remarkable thermodynamic stability, and low density. With the appearance of climbing demands, however, the carbon nanotubes combining various composites have shown greater prospects than the single CNTs in microwave absorbing materials. In this short review, recent advances in CNTs-based microwave absorbing materials were comprehensively discussed. Typically, we introduced the electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of CNTs-based microwave absorbing materials and generalized the development of CNTs-based microwave absorbers, including CNTs-based magnetic metal composites, CNTs-based ferrite composites, and CNTs-based polymer composites. Ultimately, the growing trend and bottleneck of CNTs-based composites for microwave absorption were analyzed to provide some available ideas to more scientific workers.  相似文献   
2.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(24):34278-34288
Materials exhibiting colossal dielectric constant are the most sought-after materials due to their variety of applications in various electronics industries. NiFe2O4 and LaFeO3 belonging to the spinel and perovskite structures, respectively, were coupled into a nanocomposite by adapting a one-pot sol-gel synthesis. The ratio of NiFe2O4:LaFeO3 was varied and the synthesized materials were studied for their dielectric behaviors. Interestingly, among the samples studied, the nanocomposite with the ratio of 1:2 of NiFe2O4–LaFeO3 exhibited a high dielectric constant value of 10390 at a frequency of 1 kHz with a several-fold increase in conductivity. The high conductivity resulted in a high dielectric loss. The origin of such a high dielectric constant and loss have been attributed to the Maxwell-Wagner type space charge polarization arising from the microstructure that consists of large and continuous grain boundaries, and the conducting phase at the interface, respectively.  相似文献   
3.
In the present study, 17 wt % TiN reinforced α-β SiAlON composites were sintered at low temperature by susceptor-assisted microwave heating. The effect of TiN addition on dielectrical properties of starting powders, as well as the influence of sintering temperature on phase evolution, microstructure development and mechanical properties of α/β-SiAlON-TiN composites were investigated. The obtained results showed that TiN addition increased the microwave absorbing properties which is reflected in the peak sintering temperature. Thus, the α:β ratio decreased and mechanical properties were improved, especially the fracture toughness of the composites. Furthermore, an estimate of energy consumption during microwave assisted sintering at the laboratory scale is presented. As a result, the highest values for relative density (97.1%), Vickers hardness (13.35 ± 0.47 GPa), and fracture toughness (7.52 ± 0.54 MPa m1/2) were obtained by microwave sintering for 30 min at 1300 °C.  相似文献   
4.
Owing to the good physicochemical compatibility and complementary mechanical properties of Ti3SiC2 and Al2O3, Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites are considered as ideal structural materials. However, TiC and TiSi2 typically coexist during the synthesis of Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites through an in-situ reaction, which adversely affects the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. In this study, Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites were prepared via in-situ hot pressing sintering at 1450 °C. Ge, which was used as a sintering aid, improved the purity and mechanical properties of the Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites. This is because Ge replaced some of the Si atoms to compensate the evaporation loss of Si to form Ti3(Si1-xGex)C2, which showed a crystal structure similar to that of Ti3SiC2. Furthermore, the molten Ge accelerated the diffusion reaction of the raw materials, increasing the overall density of the Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites. The optimum Ge amount for improving the mechanical properties of the composites was found to be 0.3 mol. The flexural strength, fracture toughness, and microhardness of the composite with the optimum Ge amount were 640.2 MPa, 6.57 MPa m1/2, and 16.21 GPa, respectively. The formation of Ti3(Si1-xGex)C2 was confirmed by carrying out X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. A model crystal structure of Ti3(Si1-xGex)C2 doped with 0.3 mol Ge was established by calculating the solid solubility of Ge.  相似文献   
5.
Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) have many interesting properties, mainly light weight, cost efficiency, low density, high compressive strength, high hardness and durability. Hence, they emerged as a boon to the development of personnel armors in the past. The current work aims to review various new methodologies adapted for the reinforcement of Alumina (Al2O3) CMCs in recent times, including some of the interesting results obtained with respect to mechanical properties, suitability of the synthesized composites for armor applications, and the upcoming reinforcement trends. Finally, studies related to reinforcement in Al2O3 CMCs, specifically towards armor applications have been consolidated to arrive at some of the important inferences for concluding reasonably.  相似文献   
6.
NiO nanostructure was synthesized using a simple co-precipitation method and was embedded on reduced graphene oxide surface via ultrasonication. Structural investigations were made through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and functional groups were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD analysis revealed the grain size reduction with doping. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of metal-oxygen bond in pristine and doped NiO nanostructure as well as the presence of carbon containing groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the particle size decreased when NiO nanostructure was doped with copper. BET surface area was found to increase almost up to 43 m2/g for Cu doped NiO nanostructure/rGO composite. Current-voltage measurements were performed using two probe method. UV–Visible spectroscopic profiles showed the blue and red shift for Cu doped NiO nanostructure and Cu doped NiO Nanostructure/rGO composite respectively. Rate constant for Cu doped NiO nanostructure/rGO composite found to increase 4.4 times than pristine NiO nanostructure.  相似文献   
7.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(4):4904-4910
The anisotropic mechanical properties of ultrasound freeze cast epoxy-ceramic composite materials were studied by measuring flexural strength and fracture resistance curves (R-curves) using both unnotched and notched three-point beam bending experiments, respectively, cut in three different orientations relative to the directional freezing axis. Three ultrasound frequencies of 0.699, 1.39 and 2.097 MHz were used in order to introduce different length scales into the microstructure, with 0 MHz used as the control samples. For all cases, the composites showed higher strength and fracture resistance when the crack plane cut across the direction of ice growth (denoted as the YX orientation). The anisotropic properties were more evident for the material produced without ultrasound (0 MHz) where the flexural strength was approximately 160% higher for the YX orientation compared to two orthogonal orientations. Most of the fracture resistance increase was found to occur within a crack extension, Δa, of ~0.5 mm. Comparing the fracture resistance at Δa = 0.5 mm for the highly anisotropic 0 MHz samples showed that the YX orientation was approximately 86% tougher than the two orthogonal orientations. When the ultrasound operation frequencies of 0.699, 1.39 and 2.097 MHz were applied, the amount of anisotropy in the strength and fracture resistance gradually decreased as the operating frequency increased. The high strength and fracture resistance for the YX orientation was attributed to the alignment of the ceramic particles along the freeze front direction creating a barrier for crack propagation. Ultrasound modifies the material microstructure, introducing relatively dense ceramic layers perpendicular to the freezing front direction that act as an additional, orthogonal barrier to crack propagation. The addition of the denser layers acts to improve the mechanical properties in the weaker orientations and reduce the overall anisotropy.  相似文献   
8.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(10):13748-13753
Thermal management requires an understanding of the relations among the thermal energy transfer, electronic properties, and structures of thermoconductive materials. Here, we enhanced the metal–insulator transition (MIT)-induced effect on the thermal conductivities of microstructure-controlled Ti2O3 composites containing W as a thermal conductive filler at approximately 450 K. To change the electronic and thermal transport properties, we varied the particle radii of the conductive phases in the raw material. The change in the calculated electronic thermal conductivity relative to the electrical conductivity of the Wx(Ti2O3)1?x composite was enhanced by compounding the material. When x was reduced from 50 vol% to 20 vol% and the W particle diameter was reduced from 150 μm to 5 μm, the variation in the estimated electronic thermal conductivity of the Wx(Ti2O3)1?x composite was increased by a factor of 2.01. The total thermal conductivity was also changed by the MIT. At x = 50 vol% and a W particle diameter of 5 μm, the maximum thermal conductivity change was 6.34 times larger than that of pure Ti2O3. The detailed relation between the MIT-induced changes in thermal transport and the microstructure were elucidated in classical effective medium approximations.  相似文献   
9.
Composites based on hafnium carbide and reinforced with continuous naked carbon fiber with and without PyC interface were prepared at low temperature by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis and chemical vapor deposition method. The microstructure, mechanical property, cyclic ablation and fiber bundle push-in tests of the composites were investigated. The results show that after three times ablation cycles, the bending strength of samples without PyC interface decreased by 63.6 %; the bending strength of samples with PyC interface only decreased by 37.8 %. The force displacement curve of the samples with PyC interface presented a well pseudoplastic deformation state. The mechanical behavior difference of two kinds of composites was due to crucial function of PyC interface phase including protection of fiber and weakening of fiber/matrix interface.  相似文献   
10.
The surface texturing of ceramics is generally performed through acid-based etching and machining; however, laser texturing may be considered as a more precise, reproducible and eco-friendly process. Furthermore, laser ablation may be used to produce complex patterns on ceramic surfaces, thus offering new surface engineering opportunities. The studies so far conducted on this topic have mainly been application-driven, and since a wide variety of lasers have been used for surface texturing, it is difficult to have a comprehensive understanding of this technique applied to ceramics and ceramic composite materials. Laser texturing requires a great deal of knowledge of the material and the laser source parameters to optimise the process in order to obtain the expected results. It is therefore important to expand the research on the laser texturing of ceramics and CMCs in order to build a relevant amount of literature that can be used to identify the most appropriate parameters for each application. This review provides an overview of most of the technological aspects considered relevant for the laser surface texturing of ceramics and CMCs, and includes the fundamentals of laser-material interactions and a summary of the used equipment and parameters. Furthermore, most of the techniques related to the modifications of surface material induced by a laser are critically reviewed, and the new horizons that are opening up, in the context of the modification of surfaces to improve the performances of materials for several applications, are discussed.  相似文献   
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