Ti对Nb-20Si-5Al超高温合金性能的影响

采用放电等离子烧结法(SPS)制备了Nb-20Si-5Al-xTi(x=0,18,20,22,摩尔分数)超高温合金,研究了Ti加入量对Nb-20Si-5Al合金的室温断裂韧度和高温抗氧化性的影响。结果表明,随着Ti加入量的增加,超高温合金的相组成由Nbss、Nb₅Si₃和Al3Nb相转变成为Nbss、(Nb,Ti)5Si3和Ti相。Ti能明显改善Nb-20Si-5Al超高温合金的断裂韧度和高温抗氧化性能,随着Ti加入量的增加均先提高然后降低,在Ti加入量为20%时,合金断裂韧度最大,为7.41 MPa·m^1/2,相比未加Ti时提高了约56.9%,其高温氧化速率最低,为0.72×10^-4g²/(cm⁴·h)。添加Ti元素后,其氧化产物中出现Ti₂Nb₁₀O₂₉、TiNb₂O₇、TiO₂等,可以提高其氧化膜的致密性,从而提高高温抗氧化性能。     

Effect of Cerium on Microstructures and High Temperature Oxidation Resistance of An Nb-Si System In-Situ Composite

Nb-16Si-24Ti-6Cr-6A1-2Hf-xCe （x =0, 0.05, 0.1,02.5, 0.5, 1 （%, atom fraction）） in situ composites were prepared by arc melting The microstmcture and the effect of rare earth element cerium on 1250℃ oxidation resistance of the composites were investigated with scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and X-ray energy disperse spectrum （EDS）, as well as X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The experimental results showed that the high temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy was improved by adding a proper amount of cerium （Ce）. The effect of Ce was considered as the concurrent of the following three factors： first, the oxide of Ce formed in the interface reduced the internal oxidation rate; second, the lath shaped oxide containing Ce increased the cracking resistance and reduced the expansion of the oxide scale; and third, the decrease of the sificide volume fraction on account of Ce addition reduces the power of the sample resisting oxygen penetration.     

Nb-Si基自生复合材料感应熔炼铸锭的组织特征及影响因素

采用氧化钇坩埚真空感应熔炼方法制备了Nb-16Si-22Ti-6Hf和Nb-16Si-22Ti-6Hf-2Cr-2Al合金铸锭,并在1500℃时进行了100 h的热处理。结果表明,铸态和热处理后的合金均由铌基固溶体（NbSS）、Nb3Si、β-Nb5Si3和γ-Nb5Si3组成。冷却速度、合金化元素及热处理均会影响合金...     

DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED MICROSTRUCTURE OF AN ULTRA-HIGH TEMPERATURE Nb-Si-Ti-Hf-Cr-Al ALLOY

The directionally solidified samples of an ultra-high temperature Nb-Si- Ti-Hf-Cr-Al alloy have been prepared with the use of an electron beam floating zone melting (EBFZM)furnace, and their microstructural characteristics have been analyzed. All the primary dendrites of Nb solid solution (Nbss), euteetic colonies of Nbss plus (Nb, Ti)3 Si//(Nb, Ti)5 Si3 and chains of (Nb, Ti)3 Si/(Nb, Ti)5 Si3 plates align along the growth direction of the samples. With increasing of the withdrawing rate, the microstructure is refined, and the amounts of Nbss (Nb, Ti)3 Si/(Nb, Ti)5 Si3 euteetic colonies and (Nb, Ti)3 Si/(Nb, Ti)5 Si3 plates increase. There appear nodes in the (Nb, Ti)3 Si/(Nb, Ti)5 Si3 plates.     

Effects of Ti, Al and Hf on niobium silcides formation in the Nb-Si in situ composites

The effects of alloying elements Ti, Al and Hf on niobium silicides formation in the Nb-Si in situ composites have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The binary, ternary and multicomponent alloys have been fabricated by vacuum non-consumable arc melting method. The results show that Ti tends to stabilize Nb3Si phase, while Al promotes the direct formation of β-Nb5Si3 phase with a tetrahedral D8m structure. Exceptionally, it seems that Hf is beneficial to the formation of γ-Nb5Si3 phase with a hexangular D88 structure. For the multicomponent Nb-Si in situ composites, the cooperative effects of different elements on niobium silicides formation basically maintain the character of ternary system.     

新型铌-硅基共晶自生复合材料的研究进展

综述了作为一种新型超高温金属结构材料的铌-硅基共晶自生复合材料的研究进展，讨论了该材料的成分设计特点，介绍了该材料密度低、承温能力高、室温断裂韧性好、高温强度高和高温持久寿命长等性能优势。     

Nb-Si基合金高温抗氧化研究进展

Nb-Si基合金具有适中的密度和超高的使用温度,是下一代发动机叶片及高温热端部件的有力竞争者之一,但Nb-Si基合金的高温抗氧化性能不足限制了其应用。主要综述了合金化和硅化物涂层在Nb-Si基合金中的研究进展。在此基础上着重综述了掺杂不同合金元素对Nb-Si基合金中硅化物、抗氧化相和氧化膜的影响,包括提升硅化物相高温氧化能力、促进Al2O3和Cr2Nb形成以阻碍氧原子扩散、通过稀土元素形成黏附性特别高的氧化物以防止氧化层脱落等方面。除此之外,综述了硅化物涂层(MoSi2和NbSi2)的研究进展,包括可通过降低硼硅酸盐的黏度和致密的SiO2薄膜提高Nb-Si基合金的抗氧化性能,并介绍了元素改性硅化物涂层提升SiO2流动性的效果。最后,对该方向的研究进展进行了总结,并对其发展前景和主要发展方向进行了展望。     

Influence of silicon species on the electric properties of anodic niobia

The influence of incorporation of silicon species on the electric properties of anodic niobia, formed in 0.1 mol dm⁻³ ammonium pentaborate electrolyte, has been examined using sputter-deposited Nb-Si alloys containing 5 and 17 at.% silicon. The potential dependence of the capacitance of anodic niobia, originating from its n-type semiconducting properties, becomes less significant by incorporation of silicon species. In addition, the leakage current decreases with increasing silicon content in the alloy. The thermal stability of the anodic niobia is also enhanced by silicon species; the capacitance and leakage current, which increase significantly for niobium, are little influenced by annealing up to 523 K. The silicon species are incorporated in the inner 72% of the film thickness, as a consequence of immobility of the species in growing anodic niobia. The immobility of silicon species is associated with a strong Si⁴⁺O bond, which may also contribute to the reduction of leakage current.     

定向凝固过共晶Nb-Si基合金的组织优化

采用液态金属冷却定向凝固炉制备Nb-16Si-24Ti-10Cr-2A1．2Hf合金,凝固速率分别为1．2、6、18、36、50mm／min,随后对定向凝固速率为50mm／min的合金进行（1400℃,10h）,（1450℃,10h）和（1500℃,10h）的热处理。研究了定向凝固速率和热处理温度对合金微观组织的影响。结果表明：合金的定向凝固组织主要由沿着试棒轴向生长的初生Nb5Si3相和耦合生长的Nbss／Nb5Si3共晶胞组成,在共晶胞边缘,有少量的Cr2Nb存在。横截面上共晶胞边界明显,随着凝固速率的增加,定向凝固组织明显细化,Nbss／Nb;Si,共晶胞形貌也发生变化。合金经过热处理,Nbss连成基体,部分CrENb相熔解,微观成分偏析减小。经过（1450℃,10h1热处理,实现了对过共晶Nb—Si基合金的组织优化。