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排序方式: 共有8965条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This study reports a green and powerful strategy for preparing cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)/graphene oxide (GO)/natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites hosting a 3D hierarchical conductive network. Due to good dispersibility and amphiphilic nature of CNC, well dispersed CNC/GO nanohybrids were prepared. Hydrogen bonding interactions between CNC and GO greatly enhanced the stability of the CNC/GO nanohybrids. CNC/GO nanohybrids were introduced into NR latex under sonication and the mixture was cast. Self-assembled CNC/GO nanohybrids preferentially dispersed in the interstice between latex microspheres allowing the construction of a 3D hierarchical conductive network. By combining strong hydrogen bonds and 3D conductive network, both electrical conductivity and mechanical properties (tensile strength and modulus) have been significantly improved. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite with 4 wt% GO and 5 wt% CNC exhibited an increase of nine orders of magnitude compared to the nanocomposite with only 4 wt% GO; meanwhile, the electrical percolation threshold was 3-fold lower than for NR/GO composites.  相似文献   
2.
This paper aimed to modify the ignitability of the bagasse paper by using talc powder, 1,3-di-aniline-2,2,2,4,4,4-hexachlorocyclodiphosph(V)azane, and nanocellulose crystal. The formation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was detected using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal analysis as thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the specimens recorded the improvement of the highest % of ash residue at 750 °C compared to the untreated one. The shape of the flame spread was studied. The ignition properties were studied for the untreated and treated specimens by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and flame chamber (UL/94), which recorded enhancing compared to the untreated specimen. This improvement was recorded either by measuring the mechanical properties (tensile strength, burst strength, elongation, and elasticity) of the specimens. The current article showed that the treated specimen was recorded the highest values compared to the untreated one in all physical, mechanical, and ignition properties, so these treatment paper sheets may be used as fire-retardant packaging materials.  相似文献   
3.
低温压力容器08Ni3DR钢在极低温度下(-100℃)具有较好的强韧性匹配,在实际工程应用中,保障焊接接头的低温冲击韧性一直是压力容器制造过程中的难题之一。对于实际的焊接接头,最薄弱区域的确定以及最薄弱区域的影响对焊接接头的表征具有重要的意义。通过将夏比V型缺口开在母材、焊缝、热影响区不同位置处,系统研究了08Ni3DR压力容器钢焊接接头的组织和韧性。结果表明:焊接接头韧性最薄弱区域为粗晶热影响区,其粗晶热影响区的显微组织为粗大的粒状贝氏体和板条贝氏体组成的复合组织。粗晶热影响区宽度在缺口尖端前沿所占比例越高,试样的冲击吸收能量越低。当粗晶热影响区宽度所占比例达到100%时,冲击吸收能量为27 J,相比于母材冲击韧性损失高达90.7%。以上两个方面充分体现出焊接接头最薄弱区域对冲击韧性有很大的影响。  相似文献   
4.
There is currently considerable interest in developing stiff, strong, tough, and heat resistant poly(lactide) (PLA) based materials with improved melt elasticity in response to the increasing demand for sustainable plastics. However, simultaneous optimization of stiffness, strength, and toughness is a challenge for any material, and commercial PLA is well-known to be inherently brittle and temperature-sensitive and to show poor melt elasticity. In this study, we report that high-shear mixing with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) leads to significant improvements in the toughness, heat resistance, and melt elasticity of PLA while further enhancing its already outstanding room temperature stiffness and strength. This is evidenced by (i) one-fold increase in the elastic modulus (6.48 GPa), (ii) 43% increase in the tensile strength (87.1 MPa), (iii) one-fold increase in the strain at break (∼6%), (iv) two-fold increase in the impact strength (44.2 kJ/m2), (v) 113-fold increase in the storage modulus at 90°C (787.8 MPa), and (vi) 103-fold increase in the melt elasticity at 190°C and 1 rad/s (∼105 Pa) via the addition of 30 wt% CNC. It is hence possible to produce industrially viable, stiff, strong, tough, and heat resistant green materials with improved melt elasticity through high-shear mixing.  相似文献   
5.
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a kind of sustainable nanoparticle from biomass, which are widely used as reinforcing filler and assembly building block for high-performance composites and function materials including biomaterial, optics, and so forth. Here, their unique advantages in material applications were reviewed based on their rod-like morphology, crystalline structure, dimension-related effects, and multi-level order structure. Then, we focused on the molecular engineering of CNCs, including the structure and physicochemical properties of their surface, along with surface modification methods and steric effects. We further discussed the performance-improvement and functionalization methods based on multi-component complex systems, together with the effects of surface molecular engineering on the performance and functions. Meanwhile, methods of optimizing orientation in uniaxial arrays were discussed along with those of enhancing photoluminescence efficiency via surface chemical modification and substance coordination. In the end, we prospected the design, development, and construction methods of new CNCs materials.  相似文献   
6.
Investigations on the production and development of nanoparticle-reinforced polymer materials have been attracted attention by researchers. Various nanoparticles have been used to improve the mechanical, chemical, thermal, and physical properties of polymer matrix composites. Boron compounds come to the fore to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of polymers. In this study, mechanical, thermal, and structural properties of structural adhesive have been examined by adding nano hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) to epoxy matrix at different percentages (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%). For this purpose, nano h-BN particles were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to disperse the h-BN nanoparticles homogeneously in epoxy matrix and to form a strong bond at the matrix interface. Two-component structural epoxy adhesive was modified by using functionalized h-BN nanoparticles. The structural and thermal properties of the modified adhesives were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis techniques. Tensile test and dynamic mechanical analysis were performed to determine the mechanical properties of the adhesives. When the results obtained from analysis were examined, it was seen that the nano h-BN particles functionalized with APTES were homogeneously dispersed in the epoxy matrix and formed a strong bond. In addition that, it was concluded from the experimental results that the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives were improved by adding functionalized nano h-BN particles into epoxy at different ratios.  相似文献   
7.
范祥娟  李文生  崔帅  李建军 《表面技术》2021,50(5):152-159, 191
目的 合理选用摩擦偶件材料,以减缓Ni3Al基涂层宽温域内的摩擦磨损.方法 分别以WC-Co和316L为摩擦偶件,研究25~800℃内其对Ni3Al基涂层润滑和磨损机理的影响.采用高温硬度仪测试摩擦偶件在不同温度时的硬度,采用附带能谱仪的扫描电子显微镜观察磨损表面、磨斑和磨屑的形貌并测试成分,采用拉曼散射仪测试磨损表面和磨斑的成分.结果 在25~800℃,随温度的升高,两种摩擦副的摩擦系数具有一致的变化规律.与WC-Co对摩时,涂层在各温度下均具有低磨损率,且随温度升高,磨损率呈下降趋势.在25~200℃,与316L对摩时,涂层主要表现为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,而与WC-Co对摩时,涂层在高接触应力下发生塑性变形,抑制Ag润滑相析出和涂层剥落,使其较前者具有高摩擦系数和低磨损率.在400℃,与WC-Co对摩时,高接触应力下产生的摩擦热促使涂层发生轻微的氧化,形成NiO和NiCr2O4,使其减摩性能优于Ni3Al/316L摩擦副.在600~800℃,与316L对摩时,涂层由严重的粘着磨损转变为氧化磨损;而与WC-Co对摩时,涂层由氧化磨损和剥层磨损转变为氧化磨损.此外,800℃时,Ni3Al/316L摩擦副的摩擦磨损发生在光滑润滑膜与粗糙转移膜之间,而Ni3Al/WC-Co摩擦副发生在光滑的润滑膜与转移膜之间.结论 在25~800℃,涂层与316L和WC-Co对摩时均具有良好的减摩性能,且与WC-Co对摩时具有更优的耐磨性能.  相似文献   
8.
Developing high-performance visible-to-UV photon upconversion systems based on triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) is highly desired, as it provides a potential approach for UV light-induced photosynthesis and photocatalysis. However, the quantum yield and spectral range of visible-to-UV TTA-UC based on nanocrystals (NCs) are still far from satisfactory. Here, three different sized CdS NCs are systematically investigated with triplet energy transfer to four mediators and four annihilators, thus substantially expanding the available materials for visible-to-UV TTA-UC. By improving the quality of CdS NCs, introducing the mediator via a direct mixing fashion, and matching the energy levels, a high TTA-UC quantum yield of 10.4% (out of a 50% maximum) is achieved in one case, which represents a record performance in TTA-UC based on NCs without doping. In another case, TTA-UC photons approaching 4 eV are observed, which is on par with the highest energies observed in optimized organic systems. Importantly, the in-depth investigation reveals that the direct mixing approach to introduce the mediator is a key factor that leads to close to unity efficiencies of triplet energy transfer, which ultimately governs the performance of NC-based TTA-UC systems. These findings provide guidelines for the design of high-performance TTA-UC systems toward solar energy harvesting.  相似文献   
9.
10.
基于密度泛函理论(DFT),通过量子化学计算研究了主要的石油卟啉,包括ETIO、DPEP、DI-PEP、RHODO-TIO、RHODO-PEP或RHODO-I-PEP型和Ni2+/VO2+形成的金属卟啉配合物的分子结构、电子特性、解离能等。卟啉环的空腔尺寸、电荷分布、共轭特性均使其易于与Ni2+/VO2+发生络合,且配合物结构稳定。空间效应和竞争吸附使得VO2+卟啉配合物中的V原子和卟啉环不共面,VO2+卟啉环的配位作用弱于Ni2+卟啉环,因此Ni的脱除通常比V困难。Ni2+/VO2+卟啉配合物表现出显著的取代基效应:供电子的环烷基促进了卟啉环和Ni2+/VO2+的配位;吸电子的苯基削弱了卟啉环和Ni2+/VO2+的配位。对原油中Ni2+/VO2+卟啉化合物配位化学特性的研究,对于原油脱Ni/V技术的开发与改进具有一定的理论指导作用。  相似文献   
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