Dislocation-Induced Precipitation and Its Strengthening of Al–Cu–Li–Mg Alloys with High Mg

Generally, the good combination of pre-deformation and aging can improve the mechanical strength of the Al–Cu–Li–Mg alloys. However, the effects of pre-deformation on competitive precipitation relationship and precipitation strengthening have not been clarified in detail in Al–Cu–Li–Mg alloys with high Mg. In the present study, the effects of pre-deformation level on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al–2.95 Cu–1.55 Li–0.57 Mg–0.18 Zr alloy have been investigated. It is found that the introduction of dislocation by 5% pre-deformation can facilitate the precipitation of new successive composite precipitates and T _1 precipitates along the sub-grain boundaries or dislocations and inhibit the precipitation of dispersive GPB zones which is the main precipitates of the alloys without pre-deformation. The introduction of 5% pre-deformation can enhance the mechanical properties considerably. When the pre-deformation level increases from 5 to 15%, the number density of the successive composite precipitates and T _1 precipitates increases, and the aspect ratio of T _1 precipitates decreases. The decrease in T _1 precipitate aspect ratio and the increment of the successive composite precipitates result in the reduction in precipitation strengthening. Therefore, the increase in pre-deformation level from 5 to 15% does not further improve the mechanical properties of the alloys, although the dislocation strengthening increases continuously.     

焊后热处理对GH4169合金闪光焊接接头组织与性能的影响

本文以GH4169高温合金闪光焊接件为研究对象,研究了热处理对焊缝试样的组织与力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,在焊接热量的作用下强化相γ′′、γ′发生回溶,致使焊接区的强度、硬度均明显低于基体。通过固溶处理后基体的强度降低到和焊缝试样一致,可实现拉伸变形过程中焊接区与基体的均匀变形。对焊缝试样在固溶前和固溶后进行1.2%拉伸塑性变形,经过时效处理(720 ℃8 h(60 ℃/h)-620 ℃8 h AC(空冷))后发现,少量塑性变形对其力学性能几乎没有影响。经固溶时效处理后焊缝试样拉伸强度指标与基体材料相比变化不大,但塑性指标低于基体试样,这与其热影响区存在粗大晶粒有关。     

Fe-Mn-Si基合金形状记忆效应的研究进展

概述了Si、Mn、Ni、Cr等化学成分以及时效处理和预变形等一些工艺因素对Fe-Mn-Si基形状记忆合金形状记忆效应的影响。对此类合金的形状记忆效应作用机理及其发展状况进行了概括总结,并提出了未来进一步的研究方向。     

Effect of pre-existing shear bands on mechanical properties and serration behaviors in bulk metallic glasses

Pre-existing (multiple) shear bands were introduced into the ductile Zr56 Co28 Al16 and Zr65 Ni10 Cu15 Al10 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) through the lateral-deformation, respectively.It was found that the pre-exi-ting shear bands can further enhance the compressive plasticity of ductile BMGs.According to the serra-tion analysis on the plastic deformation of the as-cast and the pre-deformed samples, the serration events in the stress-strain curves during deformation display a self-organized critical (SOC) behavior.Compared with the as-cast BMGs, a larger power-law scaling exponent calculated based on serrated flow behaviors becomes larger for the pre-deformed BMGs, implying that the shear banding stability of BMGs is effec-tively enhanced.This should be caused by the pronounced interactions of shear bands during plastic de-formation for the pre-deformed BMGs.However, by introducing a large amount of multiple shear bands into the glassy matrix, it also becomes easier for shear bands to propagate along the pre-existing shear bands, leading to a lower cut-off elastic energy density for the pre-deformed BMGs.More multiple shear bands with stronger interactions for the pre-deformed BMGs could provide a larger chance to activate the shear-band cracking but less local elastic energies are remained for the subsequent crack-linking.     

Revisiting the Hierarchical Microstructures of an Al-Zn-Mg Alloy Fabricated by Pre-deformation and Aging

Pre-deformation before aging has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on the mechanical strength of the 7N01 alloy in our previous study, which is rather different from the general negative effects of pre-deformation on high-strength 7XXX aluminum alloys. In order to explain the strengthening mechanism relating to the positive effect, in the present study, the microstructure of the aged 7N01 alloy with different degrees of pre-deformation was investigated in detail using advanced electron microscopy techniques. Our results show that, without pre-deformation, the aged alloy is strengthened mainly by the η′ type of hardening precipitates. In contrast, with pre-deformation, the aged alloy is strengthened by the hierarchical microstructure consisting of the GP-η′ type of precipitates formed inside sub-grains, the η_p type of precipitates formed at small-angle boundaries, and the dislocation introduced by pre-deformation (residual work-hardening effect). By visualizing the distribution of the η_p precipitates through three-dimensional electron tomography, the 3D microstructures of dislocation cells are clearly revealed. Proper combinations of η_p precipitates, GP-η′ precipitates and residual dislocations in the alloy are responsible for the positive effect of pre-deformation on its mechanical properties.     

A Review on the Regulation of Magnetic Transitions and the Related Magnetocaloric Properties in Ni-Mn-Co-Sn Alloys

In Ni-Mn-X(X=In,Sn,Sb) ferromagnetic shape memory alloys,a ferromagnetic transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic austenite and a martensitic transformation from ferromagnetic austenite to weak magnetic martensite occur in some particular composition ranges,in which abundant physical properties have been observed by the abrupt change of magnetization and resistivity around their transition temperatures in these alloys.Therefore,tuning the martensitic transformation temperature(TM) and enlarging the workingtemperature interval for Ni-Mn-X(X=In,Sn,Sb) alloys,are of great importance.In the present paper,we will focus on the effect of external factors,including pre-deformation,annealing,and high pressure annealing,on the magnetic transitions and the related magnetocaloric properties in Ni-Mn-Co-Sn ferromagnetic shape memory alloys.Our approaches and the main results in this particular field will be reviewed.     

航空轴承非圆滚道的预变形加工技术

提出了在普通轴承磨床上,利用模具轮廓强制套圈毛坯预变形进行加工的原理和方法。根据非圆滚道的理论轮廓,考虑套圈弹性变形、套圈和模具的接触变形、以及模具本身的弹性变形,给出了超精密模具内轮廓尺寸的反算方法和过程,并对各种模具内轮廓形式产生的波形误差和椭圆度误差进行了比较,分析了加工过程中的磨削力及位置对滚道精度的影响。小批量试制表明:形状和尺寸精度都达到了规定的要求,表面质量得到了很大提高。该方法为降低新型轴承的加工成本、提高生产率和质量一致性提供了可靠的技术途径。     

Microstructural Evolution of 6061 Alloy during Isothermal Heat Treatment

The semi-solid billet of 6061 aluminum alloy was prepared by the near-liquidus semi-continuous casting(LSC) with rosette or near-spheroide grains.The pre-deformation processing was applied before partial remelting to further improve the microstructure and properties of the semi-solid alloy.The effects of different processing parameters,such as holding temperature and holding time,on the semisolid microstructures during partial remelting have been investigated.It was found that the optimal partial remelting parameters should be 630℃ and 10-15 min for 6061 alloy cold rolled with 60% reduction in height of pre-deformation.The coarsening rates were anasysed by Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner(LSW) theory.The pre-deformed 6061 alloy exhibits lower coarsening rate constants than that of the as-cast one,and also lower than other alloys processed by different method found in previous literature.It is because the coarsening rate is associated with the initial microstructure and composition of the alloy.The secondary phases in the alloy inhibit the migration of the liquid film grain boundaries.The microstructure obtained by using the combination of near-liquidus semicontinuous casting and pre-deformation treatment is better than that without pre-deformation processing,which demonstrates that the used method is promising for fabricating high quality semi-solid alloys.     

Obtaining Ultra-High Strength and Ductility in a Mg–Gd–Er–Zn–Zr Alloy via Extrusion,Pre-deformation and Two-Stage Aging

The Mg–12Gd–1Er–1Zn–0.9 Zr(wt%) alloy with ultra-high strength and ductility was developed via hot extrusion combined with pre-deformation and two-stage aging treatment.The age-hardening behavior and microstructure evolution were investigated.Pre-deformation introduced a large number of dislocations,resulting in strain hardening and higher precipitation strengthening in the subsequent two-stage aging.As a result,the alloy showed a superior strength–ductility balance with a yield strength of 506 MPa,an ultimate tensile strength of 549 MPa and an elongation of 8.2% at room temperature.The finer and denser β' precipitates significantly enhanced the strength,and the bimodal structure,small β-Mg_5RE phase as well as dense γ' precipitates ensured the good ductility of the alloy.It is suggested that the combination of pre-deformation and two-stage aging treatment is an eff ective method to further improve the mechanical properties of wrought Mg alloys.     

Modified transformation formulae between fracture toughness and CTOD of ductile metals considering pre-deformation effects

Strengthening action and degrading action are proposed to describe influences of plastic deformation on fracture toughness in ductile metals. Strengthening effect represents the shield operation of dislocation from crack and degrading effect displays the emergence of damage. In order to demonstrate two effects, the existing transform equation between fracture toughness and crack-tip opening displacement is modified based on a novel damage variable. The modified transform formulae can help to find the maximum of fracture toughness for metals and keep safer performance for structural components.