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1.
To repair the damaged SiC coated C/C composites, a double-layer coating including a SiO2-Nd2O3 external layer (∼60 μm) and a Si-SiC inner layer (∼240 μm) was prepared by a slurry-based laser cladding technique, and the laser-ablation tests under two heat fluxes (23.89/39.81 MW m−2) were performed. The spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and 3D profilometer were used for characterization. For avoiding the secondary damage of laser-ablation, the laser-reflection of the repaired area was enhanced, which was conducive to the mitigation of mass and linear ablation. Combined with Finite Element Analysis, by raising the reflectivity, the surface and back temperature of samples could be reduced greatly by 1224 K and 983 K respectively, and plenty of ablation reactions could be avoided. Therefore, the SiO2-Nd2O3 coating possessed an excellent laser-ablation resistance and protected the C/C substrates from thermal damage and oxidation effectively.  相似文献   
2.
原油、天然气长输管道建设完工后,必须要进行管径通径检测,其目的在于发现施工过程可能产生的管道异常变形。我们以检测管径原始尺寸完整性为目标,进行管道变形缺陷数字化建模、非接触通径检测器运行过程控制、制造工艺、系统优化等方面的研究,基于激光传感器等技术的结合,研发了新型非接触式智能管道通径检测器,弥补传统的接触式(机械式)通径检测器运行状态不稳定造成的数据信号失真、探头易磨损、维护费用高等不足之处,提高了管道内壁变形缺陷识别、数据采集以及变形量大小、变形点位置分析处理的准确性,据此进行开挖作业,对管道及时进行修整,消除事故隐患,为油气长输管道的安全生产运行提供保障。本文重点介绍了该非接触式智能管道通径检测器的工作原理、结构特点的设计分析。  相似文献   
3.
注意力被广泛地运用在卷积神经网络中,并有效地提升了卷积神经网络的性能。同时,注意力是非常轻量的,且几乎不需要改变卷积神经网络原来的架构。提出了基于HardSoftmax的并行选择核注意力。针对Softmax包含指数运算,对于较大的正输入很容易发生计算溢出的问题,提出了计算更安全的HardSoftmax来替换Softmax。不同于选择核注意力将全局特征的提取和转换放在特征融合之后,并行选择核注意力将全局特征的提取和转换单独放在一个分支,与具有不同核大小的多个分支构成并行结构。同时,并行选择核注意力的全局特征转换使用分组卷积,进一步减少参数量和计算量。并行选择核注意力通过HardSoftmax注意来关注不同核大小的多个分支。一系列的图像分类实验表明,只是简单地用HardSoftmax替换Softmax,也能保持或提升原注意力的性能。HardSoftmax的运行速度在实验中也比Softmax更快速。并行选择核注意力能够以更少的参数量和计算量追平或超越选择核注意力。  相似文献   
4.
Laser aided additive manufacturing(LAAM)was used to fabricate bulk Fe49.5Mn30Co10Cr10C0.5 interstitial multicomponent alloy using pre-alloyed powder.The room temperature yield strength(σy),ultimate tensile strength(σUTS)and elongation(εUST)were 645 MPa,917 MPa and 27.0%respectively.The as-built sample consisted of equiaxed and dendritic cellular structures formed by elemental segregation.These cellular structures together with oxide particle inclusions were deemed to strengthen the material.The other contributing components include dislocation strengthening,friction stress and grain bound-ary strengthening.The high εUTS was attributed to dislocation motion and activation of both twinning and transformation-induced plasticity(TWIP and TRIP).Tensile tests performed at-40℃and-130℃demonstrated superior tensile strength of 1041 MPa and 1267 MPa respectively.However,almost no twinning was observed in the fractured sample tested at-40℃and-130℃.Instead,higher fraction of strain-induced hexagonal close-packed(HCP)ε phase transformation of 21.2%were observed for fractured sample tested at-40℃,compared with 6.3%in fractured room temperature sample.  相似文献   
5.
通过摇瓶培养实验,研究两株不同来源Burkholderia菌种(BKZ01、BKZ08)对高岭石中Si、Al等主要元素的溶出动力学差异,并结合菌种的生长代谢特性,探明菌种选择性浸出矿物中主要元素的可能生物化学机制。结果表明:BKZ01具有较强代谢产苹果酸与酒石酸的能力,BKZ08不产酒石酸,但代谢产柠檬酸、草酸、胞外多糖与蛋白质的能力相对较强;BKZ01对高岭石中Si的浸出选择性要明显好于BKZ08,其浸出液中SiO2的含量是BKZ08的1.55倍,而BKZ08对Al的浸出选择性要明显强于BKZ01,其浸出液中Al2O3的浓度是BKZ01的2.18倍。分析认为,Burkholderia代谢产物的组分与分泌量差异是影响其选择性浸出高岭石矿物中Al、Si、K、Fe等元素效率的关键因素,其中苹果酸(酒石酸)与柠檬酸(草酸)可分别促进细菌优先释放Si与Al;而蛋白质与多糖对细菌选择性浸出K、Fe有利。  相似文献   
6.
One of the main challenges in the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process is making dense and defect-free components. These porosity defects are dependent upon the melt pool geometry and the processing conditions. Power-velocity (PV) processing maps can aid in visualizing the effects of LPBF processing variables and mapping different defect regimes such as lack-of-fusion, under-melting, balling, and keyholing. This work presents an assessment of existing analytical equations and models that provide an estimate of the melt pool geometry as a function of material properties. The melt pool equations are then combined with defect criteria to provide a quick approximation of the PV processing maps for a variety of materials. Finally, the predictions of these processing maps are compared with experimental data from the literature. The predictive processing maps can be computed quickly and can be coupled with dimensionless numbers and high-throughput (HT) experiments for validation. The present work provides a boundary framework for designing the optimal processing parameters for new metals and alloys based on existing analytical solutions.  相似文献   
7.
采用激光选区熔化技术制备民机用AlSi10Mg铝合金的可行性,并对其性能适用性进行评价。发现AlSi10Mg铝合金SLM成形组织致密、力学性能优于成分相当的ZL104铸件和AlSi10Mg砂铸件,横向塑性比竖向略优,竖向抗拉强度比横向略优,在激光扫描功率等参数不变且都能获得显微组织形貌良好、无明显的冶金缺陷情况下,低扫描速度获得的力学性能略优于高扫描速度性能。  相似文献   
8.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(15):21773-21780
In this work, Ni/TiC composites were synthesized by the laser cladding technique (LCT). A scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), microhardness meter, electrochemical workstation, and friction and wear tester examined the microstructure, surface morphology, phase structure, microhardness, wear, and corrosion resistances of the Ni/TiC composites. These results indicated the Ni/40TiC composite contained finer equiaxed crystals than the Ni and Ni/20TiC composites. In addition, numerous TiC particles in the Ni/40TiC composite impeded growth of the nickel crystals, which resulted in the fine microstructure of the Ni/40TiC composite. The Ni, Ni/20TiC, and Ni/40TiC composites exhibited face-centered cubic (f c c) lattices. The average microhardness values of the Ni/20TiC and Ni/40TiC composites were approximately 748 HV and 851 HV, respectively. The Ni/40TiC composite had the lowest friction coefficient (0.43) among all three coatings, and only some shallow scratches appeared on the surface of the Ni/40TiC composite. The corrosion potential (E) of Ni/40TiC exceeded the Ni/20TiC composite, and both were larger than the Ni composite, which indicated the Ni/40TiC composite had outstanding corrosion resistance and the Ni composite had poor corrosion resistance. The corrosion current densities (i) of Ni, Ni/20TiC, and Ni/40TiC composites were 5.912, 4.405, and 3.248 μA/cm2, respectively.  相似文献   
9.
Two types of transparent Y2O3 ceramics without including large scattering sources such as residual pores, one with very high optical homogeneity (type A) and another one with slightly insufficient optical homogeneity (type B), are purposely prepared, and their optical properties are investigated and compared qualitatively and quantitatively. Type A ceramic exhibits transmittance characteristics with very low internal loss in the visible to infrared wavelength region, while type B ceramic is inferior in various optical performances especially in the short (visible) wavelength region. In type B ceramic, birefringence occurs due to optical inhomogeneity in the visible region, resulting in a decrease in the extinction ratio. Non-uniform refractive index distribution is also observed in the Schlieren image of type B ceramic, hence the laser beam quality through that material is degraded. This study proved the importance of optical homogeneity of transparent ceramics and clarified the problems in actual applications.  相似文献   
10.
This work investigates selective Ni locations over Ni/CeZrOx–Al2O3 catalysts at different Ni loading contents and their influences on reaction pathways in ethanol steam reforming (ESR). Depending on the Ni loading contents, the added Ni selectively interacts with CeZrOx–Al2O3, resulting in the stepwise locations of Ni over CeZrOx–Al2O3. This behavior induces a remarkable difference in hydrogen production and coke formation in ESR. The selective interaction between Ni and CeZrOx for 10-wt.% Ni generates more oxygen vacancies in the CeZrOx lattice. The Ni sites near the oxygen vacancies enhance reforming via steam activation, resulting in the highest hydrogen production rate of 1863.0 μmol/gcat·min. In contrast, for 15 and 20-wt.% Ni, excessive Ni is additionally deposited on Al2O3 after the saturation of Ni–CeZrOx interactions. These Ni sites on Al2O3 accelerate coking from the ethylene produced on the acidic sites, resulting in a high coke amount of 19.1 mgc/gcat·h (20Ni/CZ-Al).  相似文献   
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