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1.
研究了用弱碱性阴离子交换树脂从硫酸浸出液中吸附铀,NaOH预处理负载树脂,碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠解析负载树脂的酸性吸附-碱性淋洗工艺。研究结果表明:该工艺能有效吸附溶液中的铀酰离子,选择性高;NaOH预处理工艺在中和树脂中氢离子的同时,能有效去除硫酸根离子,并降低钼、硅、铁等杂项元素含量;通过控制碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠溶液的流速,可成功将树脂上的铀淋洗到溶液中,实现铀的净化提取。  相似文献   
2.
In this study, some locations with different climates, off-grid zero energy buildings with hydrogen energy storage systems are designed, and transient analysis is conducted. These considered buildings supply their electricity consumption without using the electrical grid and PV panels or wind turbines. Also, they supply thermal comfort to occupants by using a vapor compression chiller and humidifier. Domestic hot water of occupants is supplied using solar collectors. For analyzing building's performance and objectives achievement, TRNSYS software is used. Also, for evaluating occupant thermal comfort, the Fanger model is used. The considered building is a one-story building with a 150 m2 area. Four occupants are considered. Both of them are seated at rest, and another is seated with light working such as typing. Using the Fanger model equation and MATLAB software, the thermal comfort of occupants is determined. For domestic hot water consumption, verified profiles that vary during 24 h of the day are considered. Achieved results show that for humid and cold cities, PV panels with an area of 73 and 76 m2 can be supplied the required electricity of considered building with four occupants and battery state of charge is higher than 50% and 10%, respectively. Moreover, with a suitable air conditioner system, the predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) can be lower than 12% and 8% for humid and cold cities. Therefore, the building can be converted to a zero-energy building using its rooftop area.  相似文献   
3.
TiO2 quantum dots-sensitized Cu2S (Cu2S/TiO2) nanocomposites with varying concentration of TiO2 QDs are synthesized via a facile two-stage hydrothermal-wet impregnation method. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of Cu2S and TiO2with chalcocite and anatase phases, respectively. The observed shoulder-like absorption peaks indicate the UV–visible light-driven properties of the composite. Morphological analysis reveals that the fabricated Cu2S/TiO2 composite consists of Cu2S with a nano rod-like shape (average length and width of ~856 and ~213 nm, respectively) and nanosheets-like structures (average length and width of ~283 and ~289 nm, respectively), whereas the TiO2 is formed as quantum dots with a size range of 8.2 ± 0.4 nm. Chemical state analysis shows the presence of Cu+, S2?, Ni2+, and O2? in the nanocomposite. The H2 evolution rate over the optimized photocatalyst is found to be ~45.6 mmol h?1g?1cat under simulated solar irradiation, which is around 5 and 2.4-fold higher than that of the pristine TiO2 and Cu2S, respectively. Continuous H2 production for 30 h is achieved during time-on-stream experiments, demonstrating the excellent stability and durability of the Cu2S/TiO2 photocatalyst for large-scale applications.  相似文献   
4.
Conventional pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes can only produce one high purity product in a single stage, whereas the state-of-art dual-reflux PSA (DR-PSA) can produce two high purity products simultaneously. However, multicomponent gas separation is often required in the industry, targeting at recovering several valued products at the same time. In this study, we propose a novel adsorption process, namely triple-reflux PSA (TR-PSA), to separate three components simultaneously. A middle product outlet and a middle reflux stream were introduced to the adsorption columns of a conventional DR-PSA process to separate ternary mixtures of nitrogen, methane, and helium. Nonisothermal dynamic models were built to investigate the impacts of operating parameters particularly the location of the middle reflux/product stream and the middle reflux flow rates. Results showed that the TR-PSA process successfully separated ternary mixtures obtaining three enriched products simultaneously in a single stage, yielding a separation performance comparable to that of the double-stage DR-PSA with significantly lower capital and energy cost.  相似文献   
5.
Owing to the high melting points and high-temperature stability, transition-metal disilicides are potential components for aerospace, automotive, and industrial engineering applications. However, unwanted oxidation known as PEST oxidation severely limits their application owing to the formation of volatile transition metal oxides, especially in the temperature range of 500–1000 °C. To overcome this problem, a new class of high-entropy disilicides, (Mo0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2V0.2W0.2)Si2, was selected by first-principles calculations and then successfully fabricated using a hot-pressing sintering technique. Furthermore, the phase evolution, thermal expansion behavior, thermal conductivity, and oxidation behavior were systematically investigated. Compared with MoSi2, (Mo0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2V0.2W0.2)Si2 possessed a lower thermal conductivity (10.9–14.7 W·m?1·K?1) at 25–1000 °C, higher thermal expansion coefficients (8.6 ± 1.3–6 K–1) at 50–1200 °C, and especially an excellent thermal stability at 500–1000 °C owing to slow diffusion and selective oxidation. This work provides a strong foundation for the synthesis and application of high-entropy disilicides.  相似文献   
6.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(20):29862-29872
Thermal shock parameters (R, R''', R'''' and Rst) of MgAlON–MgO composites obtained with additions of spent MgO–C brick were calculated using measured mechanical properties and thermal expansion coefficient, determining their resistance to fracture initiation and crack propagation. The cyclic thermal shock experiments of MgAlON–MgO composites performed from 1398 K to ambient temperature indicate that as number of thermal shock cycle increases, retained strength ratio of MgAlON and MgAlON–4.2 wt%MgO sharply decrease and then keep constant, while that of MgAlON–10.5 wt%MgO and MgAlON–15.7 wt%MgO slowly decrease. The reason for the difference is that MgAlON and MgAlON–4.2 wt%MgO show low value of R''' and R'''', and high value of R and Rst. Moreover, precipitation of impurity containing Fe may play a positive role in improvement of thermal shock resistance of MgAlON–MgO composites. MgAlON?4.2 wt%MgO has the maximum retained strength (55 MPa) even after 5 thermal shock cycles, which is expected to be used in the metallurgical industry.  相似文献   
7.
Low-thermal conductivity ceramics play an indispensable role in maximizing the efficiency and durability of hot end components. Pyrochlore, particularly zirconate pyrochlore, is currently a highly promising and widely studied candidate for its extremely low thermal conductivity. However, there are still few pyrochlores that offer both stiffness, insulation, and good thermal expansion properties. In this work, the solidification method was innovatively introduced into the preparation of titanate pyrochlore, and combined it with the compositional design of high-entropy. Through careful composition design and solidification control, the high-density and uniform elements distributed high-entropy titanate pyrochlore ceramics were successfully prepared. These samples possess high hardness (15.88 GPa) and Young’s modulus (295.5 GPa), low thermal conductivity (0.947 W·m?1·K?1), excellent thermal expansion coefficient (11.6 ×10?6/K) and an exquisite balance between stiffness and insulation (E/κ, 312.1 GPa·W?1·m·K), in which the E/κ exhibits the highest value among the current reported works.  相似文献   
8.
白酒检测技术在生产中的应用研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
白酒检测是对白酒进行深层次研究的必备手段,对控制白酒质量、指导生产、维持白酒市场稳定等有着积极作用。该文总结了色谱技术、光谱技术、核磁共振技术以及仿生传感器技术在白酒检测中应用现状及研究成果,分别阐述了不同检测技术在品牌、产地、酒龄鉴别、品质监控,真伪鉴别以及风味物质测定,等级划分等方面的应用情况,并对不同检测技术的建模方法在实际应用中存在的优势与不足进行对比分析。针对目前白酒检测过程中的难点与不足,对白酒检测技术在白酒生产、质量控制、市场维护中的应用发展进行展望,可为白酒的数字化发展以及从业人员的研究工作提供参考。  相似文献   
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(1):754-759
Thermal control coatings (TCCs) are an essential part of the thermal control systems in the spacecraft. Solar absorptance and emittance are the key performance parameters of TCCs. To develop an ultra-low solar absorption and stable inorganic TCCs for surface radiator, different TCCs were prepared by co-sintering ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles to form Zn2SiO4/SiO2 pigment in this work, and the optical properties and radiation stability were systematically studied. It is found that the coating based on composite pigment has high reflectivity in the ultraviolet band and excellent optical performance possessing the low solar absorption of 0.06. In addition, the Zn2SiO4/SiO2 coating demonstrates the highest proton and electron radiation stability because that SiO2 between Zn2SiO4 particles acts as the relaxation center of the defects caused by radiation.  相似文献   
10.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(11):14987-14992
The ceramic compound CaMoO4 is synthesized via a solid-state reaction technique. Rietveld refinement studies were done on the powder X-ray diffraction data of CaMoO4 and revealed that the compound is crystallized in the tetragonal Scheelite structure with I41/a space group. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies on CaMoO4 divulged an anomaly around 440 °C. This anomaly is further probed using the temperature-dependent Raman and dielectric spectroscopic measurements and are corroborating with the results obtained from DSC. A detailed investigation on the temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopic data revealed that the A1g mode of CaMoO4 showed a soft phonon behavior up to the phase transition temperature. It is observed that the A1g mode displayed phonon hardening behavior with further increasing the temperature. The anomaly is attributed to an isostructural phase transition (IPT), a rarely observed phenomenon in the compounds with Scheelite structure. The IPT in CaMoO4 is elucidated with a phonon softening mechanism.  相似文献   
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