四棱锥复合梯度表面液滴的定向移动

目的 探究出能使液滴移动距离达到最大的复合表面制备手段,以及液滴在其表面的移动机理及影响因素。方法 采用电火花加工技术在H62黄铜表面制备四棱锥结构构建结构梯度,并通过化学刻蚀在四棱锥表面制备润湿梯度,从而形成复合梯度结构。分别使用扫描电子显微镜和高速摄像机观察复合表面的微观结构与试件表面液滴的移动过程。结果 复合结构表面不仅具有不对称几何形状引起的拉普拉斯压力,其上的液滴还会受到不平衡表面张力的作用。润湿梯度提供的不平衡表面张力与结构梯度形成的拉普拉斯压力共同组成驱动合力,令液滴在相较单一梯度表面表现出更强的移动性能。对比分析侧面夹角等因素对液滴定向移动的影响规律后得出,经化学蚀刻后的复合表面,液滴移动距离提升明显,并且移动距离增加量与夹角β成正比。在结构梯度与润湿梯度的共同作用下,液滴在β=5°的试件表面上定向移动距离达到最大,最大移动距离Lmax=6.96 mm。结论 相较于单一梯度表面,复合型液滴定向移动表面可以获得最长的移动距离,表现出良好的应用前景。制备方法上,电火花线切割与化学刻蚀操作简单,成本低廉,有助于推动制备大批量液滴定向移动复合表面的相关研究。     

微量硼对ZCuZn40Pb组织和脱锌腐蚀性能的影响

研究了微量硼对ZCuZn40Pb2铸态组织和脱锌腐蚀性能的影响,用圆杯倾出法试验研究了微量硼变质处理和未变质处理ZCuZn40Pb2凝固界面的组织形貌。结果表明,加入微量的硼可以明显地细化ZCuZn40Pb2的铸态组织,影响凝固时凝固界面的组织形貌。未加入硼的ZCuZn40Pb2壳杯试样凝固界面的固相组织为粗化的α和β枝晶,固相界面粗糙,加入硼变质处理的壳杯试样凝固界面固相结晶组织形态为细小的等轴晶,组织细化,界面光滑,未加硼变质处理ZCuZn40Pb2脱锌腐蚀严重,加入微量的硼可以显著地阻止ZCuZn40Pb2的脱锌腐蚀。     

半连续铸造黄铜铸锭缺陷的产生原因及预防措施

黄铜板、带材因具有良好的物理性能、冷塑性、成型性、焊接性等特点在电气、电子、交通、机械和建筑工业等领域得到了广泛使用,为了确保成品的物理性能和加工性能符合技术要求,本文针对生产过程中黄铜熔铸设备的选型、熔炼工艺、半连续铸造工艺以及铸锭常常见的各种缺陷进行分析和探讨。     

Analysis of microbending of CuZn37 brass foils based on strain gradient hardening models

Microbending experiments of brass foils were conducted and demonstrated clear size effects, i.e., the normalized bending moment increased with the reduction of foil thickness. The experiments were modeled using the classical plasticity model and three strain-gradient plasticity models. A modified Nix-Gao model was proposed to consider the number of twins across the thickness direction in strain hardening. It was found that the proposed model could better predict the normalized bending moment for both fine-grain and coarse-grain foils and the proposed equation for material intrinsic length could better capture the physics of material deformation. Furthermore, micro-hardness distributions in the bending area were measured and obvious lower-hardness region was found in the middle layer of fine-grain foils instead of coarse-grain foils. This indicates that the modified Nix-Gao model and the assumption of fully plastic bending worked better for coarse-grain foils than for fine-grain foils.     

φ32mm×1.5mm H62黄铜管生产工艺

通过熔炼、铸造、挤压、轧制、拉伸和退火等生产工序工艺参数的不断调整和优化,成功试生产出φ32 mm×1.5mm H62黄铜管。退火后的产品表面达到光亮无氧化效果。通过检测,得知该黄铜管的化学成分、金相组织及力学性能均能满足客户要求,打通了φ32 mm×1.5 mmH62黄铜管的生产工艺,并实现了批量化生产。     

Constitutive modeling of hot deformation behavior of H62 brass

The hot deformation behaviors of H62 brass are investigated by isothermal compression tests on a Gleeble 1500 thermal-mechanics simulator in the temperature range of 650-800 °C and the strain rate range of 0.01-10 s⁻¹. Most of the stress-strain curves exhibit a single peak stress, indicating a typical dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior of the alloy. Further microstructural observation confirms the occurrence of DRX behavior and the β → α phase transformation of H62 brass under the deformation conditions. A new constitutive equation coupling flow stress with strain, strain rate and deformation temperature is developed on the basis of the Arrhenius-type equation, in which the Zener-Hollomon parameter is modified by considering the compensation of the strain rate. In the constitutive equation, the material constants α, n, Q and A are found to be functions of the strain. The flow stress predicted by the constitutive equation shows good agreement with the experimental stress, which validates the efficiency of the constitutive equation in describing the deformation behavior of the material.     

弹壳开裂失效分析

对某型H68黄铜弹壳进行检查时发现大量弹壳存在裂纹。通过对弹壳进行宏观和微观观察、能谱分析、金相检验和残余应力测定等,分析了弹壳开裂的原因。结果表明:弹壳的开裂性质为应力腐蚀开裂,其原因是由于收口位置存在一定的残余拉应力,且该位置的晶粒尺寸较大,在外界介质的协同作用下产生了应力腐蚀裂纹。     

硅对易切削Bi黄铜组织及性能影响的研究

用PHILIPS-XL30型扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了不同硅含量对易切削铋黄铜组织的影响,采用HY-1080型电子拉伸试验机测试各试样的力学性能,使用C6136卧式普通机床检测合金切削性能.结果表明：硅的加入使铋黄铜中的β相比例增加,α相比例减少;铋黄铜的伸长率、断面收缩率随着硅含量的增加而下降,而材料的抗拉强度随着硅含量的增加而增加;铋黄铜的切削性能随着硅含量的增加而增加.     

倾动炉钢结构制作技术

倾动炉是通过倾转一定角度达到冶炼杂铜要求的设备.由德国MAERZ公司设计、十五冶制作的倾动炉,炉体为全钢结构,长15.3 m、宽7.4m、高10 m,钢结构质量370 t.因其按德国标准生产,制作精度高.通过采用胎模法关键技术制作主要部件,保证了设备成型后的质量和制作精度.该炉目前是世界第9台,同吨位第2台,国内第1台...