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排序方式: 共有544条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2022,42(14):6671-6683
Low-cost thermo-foaming technique involving sucrose dehydration reaction with H2SO4 has been used for ceramic foam processing. The heat and gas generated during the reaction induces a thermo-foaming effect in the sucrose-ceramic mixture. This converts the sucrose-ceramic slurry into a carbonaceous porous ceramic-scaffold. The converted carbon is seen to agglutinate with the ceramic particles. During sintering, they are removed subsequently, thereby enlarging the pores. Influence of solids-loading, sintering temperature and H2SO4 concentration on the foaming behaviour, pore morphology and thermo-mechanical properties are studied. The fabricated silica foams are found to have porosity within the range of 70 %? 90 % and compressive strength of 0.8–2.8 MPa. The extreme porosity of the silica foams and their intercrystallite pores within the struts results in the low thermal conductivity (0.0943 Wm?1K?1) of the specimens. The fabricated foam is seen as a promising material for insulation applications like catalyst supports, filters and bio-scaffolds. 相似文献
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3.
为研究H2O2预处理联合生物降解对煤孔隙的影响,利用浓度为0.05%H2O2对烟煤进行预处理,采用煤层气产出水富集获得的高效菌群进行厌氧降解煤产甲烷实验,通过气相色谱仪检测甲烷含量,通过低温液氮吸附对煤孔隙发育变化进行表征。结果表明:利用H2O2预处理烟煤显著提高了生物甲烷产量;预处理对煤孔隙类型没有显著影响,但残煤的吸附量减少,有利于原位煤层气的抽采;经预处理后,煤样的微孔和中孔孔容增加,而过渡孔孔容降低。经生物降解后,残煤的总孔容和比表面积均显著降低,可能是微生物代谢产生的可溶有机质滞留积累在煤中,从而堵塞了煤孔隙所导致。 相似文献
4.
Cost‐effective porous ceramic tubes fabricated through a phase inversion/casting process using calcined bauxite 下载免费PDF全文
Zhiwen Zhu Yanxin Cao Xudong Dong Xiangeng Meng Yujun Zhao Zhijie Ding Zhaoling Wei 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2018,15(6):1567-1576
Cost‐effective ceramic tubes based on low‐price commercial calcined bauxite for economical separation were fabricated by a new phase‐inversion casting method. The thermal shrinkage and weight loss during heating of the green tubes were characterized by dilatometric analysis and TG, respectively. Three shrinkage stages appear successively, corresponding to the viscous deformation of polymeric binder at 200‐300°C, significant combustion loss of ~5.2 wt% at 500‐620°C and sintering shrinkage over 800°C, respectively. However, due to high enough viscosity of the casting suspension that can guarantee the green tube against collapse or deformation during the phase inversion/casting process, the sintered tubes display nearly uniform microstructure instead of characteristic asymmetrical structure of the phase inversion process. The influence of sintering temperature on the pore property (including pore size and porosity) and mechanical strength was investigated. As the sintering temperature increases from 1200 to 1400°C, the porosity and average pore size decrease from 46.4% to 37.0% and from 0.98 to 0.81 μm, respectively, and the flexural strength increases from 25.8 to 65.1 MPa. The cost‐effective ceramic tube sintering at the range of 1250‐1400°C can be capable of functioning as a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane support. 相似文献
5.
Zhongpei Du Dongxu Yao Yongfeng Xia Kaihui Zuo Jinwei Yin Hanqin Liang Yu-Ping Zeng 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2020,103(10):5990-5998
Highly porous silica ceramics with unidirectional pores were prepared using the freeze casting method. By adjusting the solid content and freezing temperature, the porosity of the ceramics was tailored in the range of 78.20%-84.59% and pore size in the range of 8.4-71.4 μm, respectively. Sound absorption properties of porous silica ceramics was studied and the effect of structural factors was systematically investigated. The results showed that higher porosity and smaller pores of the porous ceramics favored the sound absorption in the entire sound wave frequency. By backing the sample with small pore size porous ceramics, the sound absorption property was enhanced, particularly in the low and medium frequency range, thus the sound absorption peak shifted towards lower frequency. The presence of air gap in the back would also favor sound absorption in low and medium frequency range. The as-fabricated porous silica ceramics owed excellent sound absorption properties due to their unidirectional pores and low flow resistances. 相似文献
6.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(39):21847-21857
Highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles confined within hierarchical pores of silicalite-1 zeolite were prepared via crystal transformation of supported Pt/S-1 catalyst. Selective dissolution and external recrystallization in tetrapropylammonium hydroxide solution enabled metal nanoparticles to be encapsulated in zeolites. The abundant pore structures of as-prepared Pt@S-1 catalyst were obtained by properly controlling the time of desilication and recrystallization. The properties of Pt@S-1 catalyst with hierarchical pores were characterized by XRD, ICP, SEM, TEM/HRTEM, N2/Ar adsorption-desorption, CO adsorption, H2-TPR and TGA techniques. Compared with the traditional supported Pt/S-1 catalyst, Pt@S-1 catalyst exhibited excellent sintering resistance, owing to the restriction of the recrystallized shell. Further, abundant pore provided access to contact with the active components, the Pt@S-1 catalyst showed excellently catalytic performance. CH4 conversion and product selectivity were significantly improved. The out-standing catalytic performance was attributed to recrystallization of silica supported Pt. The strategy afforded enriched pore structure, improved the dispersion of active metal, and reduced the size of Pt nanoparticles. In addition, hierarchical pores of silicalite-1 zeolite supports also contributed to shorten the diffusion path of reactions. 相似文献
7.
松辽盆地古龙地区青山口组一段—青山口组二段页岩油资源丰富,实现了具有战略意义的勘探突破,开发先导试验取得初步成果,展现了广阔的页岩油勘探开发前景。古龙页岩油为典型的原生源储原位油藏,其源储关系、运移特征、聚集动力、边界条件等成藏特征和流体相态相变机理、微米—纳米级缝孔体系梯次输运机制等渗流特征与致密油、夹层型、混积型页岩油具有明显区别,为实现高效开发,形成了以"箱式开发"为核心的关键技术系列,并初见成效。页岩中与黏土矿物共生的层状藻类体生烃后,形成以有机孔为主的孔缝体系,受毛细管力、黏滞力等作用的综合影响,油气分子未发生运移而原地超压保存,形成规模分布、相对独立、具有不同压力系统及流体性质的微米—纳米级含油孔隙集合体,构成原生源储原位油藏。增加人工裂缝复杂程度,使不同压力系统的含油孔隙逐步达到流体启动压力、孔隙内赋存的原油梯次流向裂缝网络,是实现古龙页岩原位油藏开发、油井保持长期稳产的核心。勘探开发实践推动形成了以"有机相+应力级差"为核心的箱体划分技术、以"可动油含量"为核心的黄金靶体优化技术和箱体内"一次布井、多靶叠置、立体交错、整体动用"一体优化技术,应用成效明显。古龙页岩油原位成藏理论认识丰富了传统石油地质理论,必将引领世界原位型页岩油理论发展,将页岩油革命推向新的高度。古龙页岩油的规模效益开发,对保障国家能源战略安全、促进区域经济社会发展具有重要战略意义。 相似文献
8.
Porosity effect on microstructure,mechanical, and fluid dynamic properties of Ti2AlC by direct foaming and gel‐casting 下载免费PDF全文
Marek Potoczek Anna Chmielarz Murilo D. de M. Innocentini Izabela C. P. da Silva Paolo Colombo Barbara Winiarska 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2018,101(12):5346-5357
In this study, Ti2AlC foams were fabricated by direct foaming and gel‐casting using agarose as gelling agent. Slurry viscosity, determined by the agarose content (at a fixed solids loading), as well as surfactant concentration and foaming time were the key parameters employed for controlling the foaming yield, and hence the foam porosity after sintering process. Fabricated foams having total porosity in the 62.5‐84.4 vol% range were systematically characterized to determine their pore size and morphology. The effect of the foam porosity on the room‐temperature compression strength and elastic modulus was also determined. Depending on the amount of porosity, the compression strength and Young's modulus were found to be in the range of 9‐91 MPa and 7‐52 GPa, respectively. Permeability to air flow at temperatures up to 700°C was investigated. Darcian (k1) and non‐Darcian (k2) permeability coefficients displayed values in the range 0.30‐93.44 × 10?11 m2 and 0.39‐345.54 × 10?7 m, respectively. The amount of porosity is therefore a very useful microstructural parameter for tuning the mechanical and fluid dynamic properties of Ti2AlC foams. 相似文献
9.
The Tunable Porous Structure of Gelatin–Bioglass Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications: Physicochemical,Mechanical, and In Vitro Properties 下载免费PDF全文
Unidirectional freeze‐casting method is used to fabricate gelatin–bioglass nanoparticles (BGNPs) scaffolds. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that sol–gel prepared BGNPs are distributed throughout the scaffold with diameters of less than 10 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetric are used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of BGNPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs present an oriented porous structure and a homogeneous distribution of BGNPs in the gelatin matrix. The lamellar‐type structure indicates an improvement of mechanical strength and absorption capacity of the scaffolds. Increasing the concentration of BGNPs from 0 to 50 wt% have no noticeable effect on pore orientation, but decreases porosity and pore size distribution. Increase in BGNPs content improves the compressive strength. The absorption and biodegradation rate reduces with augmentation in BGNPs concentration. Bioactivity is evaluated through apatite formation after immersion of the nanocomposites in simulated body fluid and is verified by SEM–energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), an element map analysis, X‐ray powder diffractometer, and FTIR spectrum. SEM images and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay confirm the biocompatibility of scaffolds and the supportive behavior of nanocomposites in cellular spreading. The results show that gelatin–(30 wt%)bioglass nanocomposites have incipient physicochemical and biological properties. 相似文献
10.
Silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramics with highly adjustable properties and microstructures have many promising applications in batteries, catalysis, gas separation, and supercapacitors. In this study, additive structures on the nucleation and growth of SiO2 within SiOC ceramics are investigated by adding cyclic tetramethyl‐tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMTVS) or caged octavinyl‐polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) to a base polysiloxane (PSO) precursor. The effects of the 2 additives on the polymer‐to‐ceramic transformation and the phase formation within the SiOC are discussed. POSS encourages SiO2 nucleation and leads to more SiO2 formation with significantly increased ceramic yield, which subsequently leads to higher specific surface of 1557 m2/g with a larger pore size of ~1.8 nm for the porous SiOC. High TMTVS content decreases both the specific surface area and pore volume of the resulting porous SiOCs. This study demonstrates a new approach of using Si‐rich additive POSS to increase the SiOC yield while maintaining or even increasing the specific surface area. 相似文献