拉深筋对板材变形特征和力学性能的影响研究

采用实验方法将金属板材拉过不同尺寸的拉深筋镶块，分析了拉深筋高度、圆角半径以及过筋次数对板材变形特征的影响规律，研究了过筋产生的预应变对板材后续力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：板材流过拉深筋后，流动方向上发生均匀的拉伸变形；过筋产生的预应变随着拉深筋高度增大而增大，随着圆角半径增大而减小，随着过筋次数增加而近似线性增大；预应变越大，材料后续屈服强度和抗拉强度越高，但后续延伸率越小，总延伸率随着预应变增大表现出先减小后增大的趋势。     

预应变量和时效对X80HD2钢厚壁大变形直缝焊管低温冲击性能的影响

通过拉伸、冲击试验研究了预应变量和时效温度对厚壁X80HD2大变形直缝埋弧焊管低温冲击韧性的影响,测定了不同应变时效条件下的夏比冲击吸收能量和剪切断面率,用扫描电镜观察了不同温度下冲击断口形貌。结果表明,随着预应变量的提高和时效温度的增加,夏比冲击吸收能量和剪切断面率逐渐减小,增加预应变量对低温冲击韧性的恶化效果高于提高时效温度;此外,增加预应变量将加大断口分离的倾向性,提高时效温度则对断口分离倾向性的影响不显著;增加预应变量和提高时效温度均使冲击断口发生准解理断裂的倾向增加。     

X70钢的包申格效应研究

通过单轴拉伸和压缩试验，研究了X70管线钢的包中格效应（BE）。在不同预变形下对几个试件分别进行加载，当达到给定的预应变值时就卸载，随后再进行反向加载试验，记录其屈服强度。试验表明，X70钢的反向加载特性可用RambergOsgood关系拟合。最后给出了屈服强度降和预塑性应变之间的经验公式。     

影响Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni形状记忆合金相变点的因素

研究了变形量和回复退火温度对Fe-14Mn-5Si-8Cr-4Ni形状记忆合金相变点的影响。结果表明：当回复退火温度为673K时，Af点和Ms点都随变形量的增加而显著增加，As点增加较缓慢；303K加热前和加热后合金电阻率之差△ρ也随变形量的增加而增加，可回复变形量随变形量的变化与△ρ的变化是一致的。Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni形状记忆合金的形状回复来源于应力诱发γ→ε马氏体转变及其逆转变；当变形量为10%时，Ms点随回复退火温度的增加而显著下降。     

板状FeMnSiCrNi合金试件的形状记忆效应

研究了板状Fe-30Mn-6Si-4Cr-5Ni铁基合金的形状记忆效应，探索了固溶处理温度、预应变大小和恢复温度等因素对其形状记忆效应的影响规律。试验结果表明：这种板状试件不同于薄片状或丝材试件，它们在受拉伸作用下，由于泊松比的影响处于复杂的三维受力状态，这样在应力诱发马氏体相变过程，马氏体呈多取向诱发生成，结果导致当预应变大小为1%时，其形状恢复率仅为80%左右；最佳的固溶处理温度为850℃；恢复处理温度最佳为600℃。     

带束层膨胀对轮胎接地印痕的影响研究

研究带束层膨胀对轮胎接地印痕的影响。对比多种普通带束层膨胀的钢丝帘线角度变化法则,分析普通带束层膨胀对轮胎接地印痕仿真准确性的影响;探讨0°带束层钢丝帘线的特性,提出考虑0°带束层预应变的轮胎性能仿真方法,并分析0°带束层预应变对轮胎接地印痕的影响。本研究结果可为轮胎的结构设计、工艺设计和仿真分析方面提供指导。     

INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING ON SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT OF Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY

Effect of carbon, compound RE, quenching temperature, pre-strain and recovery temperature on shape memory effect (SME) of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE shape memory alloy was studied by bent measurement, thermal cycle training, SEM etc. It was shown that the grains of alloys addition with compound RE became finer and SME increased evidently. SME of the alloy was weakening gradually as carbon content increased under small strain (3%). But in the condition of large strain (more than 6%), SME of the alloy whose carbon content range from 0.1% to 0.12% showed small decreasing range, especially of alloy with the addition of compound RE. Results were also indicated that SME was improved by increasing quenching temperature (>1000℃). The amount of thermal induced martensite increased and the relative shape recovery ratio could be increased to more than 40% after 3-4 times thermal training. The relative shape recovery ratio decreased evidently depending on rising of pre-strain. Furthermore, because speed of martensite transi     

电场活化聚合物的破坏机理分析

以电场活化聚合物试验为基础,对它在电场中发生破坏的机理进行分析,提出用单位厚度上的极限电压表征电场活化聚合物抗电击穿破坏的强度,并揭示了预拉伸不仅能加快电场活化聚合物在电场力作用下的响应速度,提高变形率,降低工作电压,而且能大幅度提高其抗电击穿破坏的强度.     

Breathing-Driven Self-Powered Pyroelectric ZnO Integrated Face Mask for Bioprotection

Rapid spread of infectious diseases is a global threat and has an adverse impact on human health, livelihood, and economic stability, as manifested in the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Even though people wear a face mask as protective equipment, direct disinfection of the pathogens is barely feasible, which thereby urges the development of biocidal agents. Meanwhile, repetitive respiration generates temperature variation wherein the heat is regrettably wasted. Herein, a biocidal ZnO nanorod-modified paper (ZNR-paper) composite that is 1) integrated on a face mask, 2) harvests waste breathing-driven thermal energy, 3) facilitates the pyrocatalytic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ultimately 4) exhibits antibacterial and antiviral performance is proposed. Furthermore, in situ generated compressive/tensile strain of the composite by being attached to a curved mask is investigated for high pyroelectricity. The anisotropic ZNR distortion in the bent composite is verified with changes in Zn O bond lengths and O Zn O bond angles in a ZnO₄ tetrahedron, resulting in an increased polarization state and possibly contributing to the following pyroelectricity. The enhanced pyroelectric behavior is demonstrated by efficient ROS production and notable bioprotection. This study exploring the pre-strain effect on the pyroelectricity of ZNR-paper might provide new insights into the piezo-/pyroelectric material-based applications.     

Computational prediction of deformation behavior of TRIP steels under cyclic loading

A constitutive equation accounting for strain rate, temperature and applied stress system dependencies of strain-induced martensitic transformation is given. A series of computational prediction of monotonic and cyclic deformation behavior including tension, compression and shearing of typical 304 austenitic stainless steel, have been performed under different environmental temperatures from 77 to 353 K. The effect of stress range, pre-strain, temperature and applied stress system on such responses of TRIP steels as the evolution of martensitic phase, the accumulated plastic strain, and the asymptotic nature of the stress–strain relation with an increase in the number of cycles is clarified. The predictability of the present constitutive model is checked against the experimental results. Furthermore, simulation of the cyclic deformation behavior of TRIP steel bars with ringed notch is performed.