Superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface with excellent universality,corrosion resistance,and antifouling performance prepared without prepolishing

It is urgently necessary to seek more simple and effective methods to construct superhydrophobic metal surfaces to improve the corrosion resistance and antifouling performance. Herein, a facile method for fabricating superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface is developed via boiling water treatment and stearic acid modification. It is noteworthy that no prepolishing on aluminum alloy is required and no caustic reagents and typical equipments are used during the preparation procedure. Therefore, the fabrication method is quite a simple and environment-friendly technique. Both micro- and nano-scaled binary structure forms at the resultant aluminum alloy surface while long alkyl chains are grafted onto the rough aluminum alloy surface chemically. Consequently, the resultant aluminum alloy exhibits outstanding superhydrophobicity. More importantly, the superhydrophobicity has excellent universality, diversity, stability, excellent corrosion resistance, and antifouling performance. The facile preparation, excellent superhydrophobic durability, and outstanding performance are quite in favor of the practical application.     

仿生超疏水金属材料制备技术及在化工领域应用进展

超疏水表面是材料研究热点，而超疏水金属材料在化工领域应用前景广阔。本文对超疏水金属表面材料在制备方法和实际应用的最新进展进行了综述，在浸润模型基础上，重点概括了针对金属构建微纳粗糙结构用于超疏水表面制备的方法，并对包括自清洁、流动减阻、强化换热、抗结冰、金属防腐、油水分离等常见化工领域应用以及新开发的如防垢、滚动造粒、蒸发结晶等新应用方向的最新相关研究成果进行了总结，并提出了规模化绿色廉价快速一步制备稳定高效超疏水金属表面是未来研究趋势。     

PVDF-PFTS/SiO2膜制备及抗混合污染性能

采用表面接枝技术制备了PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FTIR）分析了膜污染前后的表面结构和组成,考察了直接接触式膜蒸馏（DCMD）装置出水电导率和膜通量的变化,利用XDLVO理论分析了PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜的抗混合污染性能和机理。结果表明：在1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-全氟辛基三氯硅烷（PFTS）和SiO₂共同作用下,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜表面形成微纳米复合乳突结构,水接触角（WCA）由99°增至155°。与PVDF基膜相比,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜对混合污染物具有较好的抗污染性能;连续运行10h,膜通量和截留率分别保持在10.06kg/(m²·h)和99.80%。XDLVO理论分析表明,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜表面与污染物之间的作用力由引力转变为斥力是其抗混合污染性能增强的主要原因之一。     

AZ31镁合金Ni-P/NiO耐腐蚀超疏水表面的制备及其性能研究

通过化学镀镍、水热法和浸泡法在AZ31镁合金上制备出Ni-P/NiO超疏水表面。首先通过化学镀镍的方法,在镁合金表面形成了一个Ni-P隔离层,有效地阻止外界与镁合金基底的接触,然后在Ni-P之上构筑NiO粗糙结构并对其表面进行疏水修饰,进一步对镁合金基底进行保护。通过电化学阻抗分析得出,其阻抗模值可达1×10⁸ Ω·cm²,比未经处理的镁合金高出6个数量级,腐蚀电流密度降低到0.587 μA·cm^-2,表明制备出的Ni-P/NiO超疏水表面具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

脉冲镀铜-化学镀银法制备金属基超疏水表面

针对金属基体超疏水表面制备工艺的适用性,采用电镀镀铜结合化学镀银的方法,经过正十八硫醇修饰后在一些常见金属如铜、铝、镍、不锈钢表面构建了微纳层级结构并实现了稳定的超疏水性。通过接触角测量仪(OCA—20)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征表面的接触角、形貌结构和镀层成分,并分析恒流镀铜与脉冲镀铜的结构成分差异。结果表明:采用脉冲镀铜-化学镀银的方法经表面修饰构建了葡萄球状及花菜状的微纳米层级结构,水滴接触角约158°,滚动角均在4°以下,其中黄铜基(H62)与铝基(5052)表面滚动角可达0.1°;表面经过划痕法与挫刀法处理后未见镀层及修饰层脱落,结合力较好;pH在1~14范围内进行耐酸碱测试,所得表面具备一定耐腐蚀性。该工艺成本适中、方便快捷、基体适用范围广,具备潜在的工业应用价值。     

水性超疏水复合涂料的制备及其机械稳定性

目的为了实现超疏水表面在实际生产生活中大规模应用,研制了一种具有大面积、低成本、可设计性和无有机溶剂等优点的水性超疏水涂料。方法以纳米级的气相二氧化硅和水性氟碳树脂为主要原料,以水为溶剂,通过氟硅烷疏水改性后获得了一种具有自清洁效应的超疏水涂料,借助场发射扫描电子显微镜、接触角测量仪、延时拍摄等手段对其进行了表征。结果该水性涂料可喷涂于各种软硬表面获得超疏水表面,其接触角均大于150°,滚动角均小于10°。水滴撞击实验表明,树脂增强的超疏水涂料经总体积为600 m L的连续水滴撞击后,其静态接触角依然大于150°,滚动角依然保持在10°以内。经砂纸打磨40周期后,水滴依然可以从其表面滚落。结论研制了一种以水为主要溶剂且价格低廉的水性超疏水涂料,将其喷涂于各种软、硬基底上均可获得均匀的超疏水涂层。该涂层还可以通过添加水性树脂来有效地增强其机械稳定性。     

Multifunctional phase change microcapsules based on graphene oxide Pickering emulsion for photothermal energy conversion and superhydrophobicity

In order to enlarge the applications of microencapsulated phase change materials (microPCMs), the novel stearic acid (SA)@graphene oxide (GO)/melamine-formaldehyde (MF) multifunctional superhydrophobic microPCMs were prepared with the method of condensation polymerization. We have made a systematical study of the effects of GO content on the SA@GO/MF microPCMs. The morphology and chemical composition characterizations showed the successful fabrication of microcapsules. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) identified that microPCMs could store latent heat energy. According to the contact angles (CA) measurement, the microPCMs displayed the water contact angle of 160.2°, which possessed the superhydrophobic property. Moreover, the self-cleaning property of SA@GO/MF microPCMs was demonstrated by designing self-cleaning experiment. The simulated irradiation experiment showed the good photothermal conversion performance of microPCMs. Owing to photothermal energy conversion performance and superhydrophobicity, multifunctional phase change microcapsules could have vital potentials in energy conversion and self-cleaning.     

A universal method to fabricate Cu films with superhydrophobic and anti-corrosion properties

Multi-functional Cu films were fabricated by an improved electric brush-plating technique and subsequent immersion treatment in ethanol solution of stearic acid. The brush-plated Cu film exhibited unique lotus-like surface architectures, which endowed it with highly hydrophobicity, instead of metallic intrinsic hydrophilicity. After solution-immersion for certain time, the Cu films were gradually covered by a continuous net-like layer of copper stearate nano-sheets with low surface energy, which finally rendered them stable superhydrophobic and even self-cleaning. Electrochemical measurement revealed that anti-corrosion property of Cu is intimately linked with its surface wettability, and the superhydrophobicity indeed provides high corrosion resistance for Cu substrate in corrosion environment. This strategy can extend generally to other relevant metals.