Variation-aware approaches with power improvement in digital circuits

In submicron technology, during the fabrication process factors like lithography and lens defect can change some of the physical parameters of transistors and interconnects. This change can modify the transistor electrical characteristics such as current, threshold voltage and gate capacitance, and thus it causes variation in power, delay and performance of the circuit. Process variation has become one of designer׳s challenges to the point that in below 45 nm technology it is considered as the most important issue in reliability. Power consumption and transistors variation are limiting factors to physical scalability. In this paper, we propose two approaches to reduce D2D and WID variations effects on digital CMOS circuits, at design time. The first approach concerns a variation-aware algorithm capable of extracting optimal design parameters to decrease variation and power. The second approach, using transistor stacking will help further reduce variation and power. Applying the algorithm on a digital design and according to parameters behavior in the presence of variation, we extract for each parameter value that will lead to power and variation reduction. On the other hand, with the stacking approach only basic gates are considered and subsequently gate configurations that reduce power and variation are proposed. The proposed approaches could be used identically for synchronous and asynchronous circuits. To prove this claim, we apply our approaches to a network-on-chip asynchronous router and a circuit from the ISCAS85 benchmark. All simulations are done in 32 nm technology using the HSPICE tool. The proposed algorithm similar to Monte Carlo simulation achieves the same results; however with lower execution time. The application of stacking approach to both asynchronous router and ISCAS85 circuit reduces variation effects up to 40.9% and 13.35%, respectively.     

基于消息队列的通信系统异步传送控制仿真

传统方法对通信系统异步传送控制效果不佳,存在信号干扰及传送时间间隔较长等问题。为此引入消息队列技术,提出一种新的传送控制方法来解决以上问题。对通信系统的空时信道进行空时编码设计,实现空时信道的编码增益与分集增益;利用空时编码实现通信系统中继节点的空间分集,根据空间分集结果制订异步空时传送方案;采用消息队列技术构建通信系统异步传送控制模型,实现通信系统的异步传送控制。为了验证所提方法异步传送控制效果,设计对比实验。实验结果表明,上述方法的传送时间间隔较短,抗干扰能力强,平均分集增益高,说明所提方法更适用于通信系统的异步传送控制。     

A concurrent control architecture for autonomous mobile robots using Asynchronous Production Systems

The quest for efficient real-time response by autonomous robots in hazardous environments necessitates not only fast computational schemes in expert systems but also requires insights on high performance data structures and concurrent algorithms that lead to elegant problem-solving methods in the AI discipline. towards this objective, this paper presents an Asynchronous Production System (APS) of architecture capable of monitoring and processing real-time information.     

旋压变形量对B4C增强铝基复合管微观组织及力学性能的影响

本文采用等离子放电烧结+异步错距旋压方法制备了不同旋压变形量的B₄C颗粒含量为10wt.%的铝基复合材料管材,研究了变形量对复合管材微观组织和力学性能的影响。 研究结果表明:随着旋压变形量的增加,B₄C铝基复合管材内部B₄C颗粒分布由类似网状结构变为均匀分布,B₄C颗粒与基体铝合金之间界面形成了冶金结合;等离子放电烧结过程中的颗粒之间的“尖端放电”效应使得颗粒之间的界面处产生局部高温,促进了界面之间的结合,在界面处产生了AlB₂和Al₃BC金属间化合物;旋压变形量的增加,细化了铝合金的晶粒尺寸,减小了B₄C的颗粒尺寸,但旋压过程中导致的大尺寸B₄C颗粒的断裂弱化了细晶强化和颗粒强化对抗拉强度的作用。     

A 10-bit 300-MS/s asynchronous SAR ADC with strategy of optimizing settling time for capacitive DAC in 65 nm CMOS

A 10-bit 300-MS/s asynchronous SAR ADC in 65 nm CMOS is presented in this paper. To achieve low power, binary-weighed capacitive DAC is employed without any digital correction or calibration. Consequently, settling time for the capacitive DAC would be a dominant limiting factor for the ADC operating speed. A novel architecture is proposed to optimize the settling time for the capacitive DAC, which depends merely on the on-resistance of switches and the capacitance of unit capacitor and irrelevant to the resolution. Therefore, high-speed high-resolution SAR ADC is possible. What is deserved to highlight is that the architecture improves the ADC performance at a fraction of the cost, with only some capacitors and control logic added. Post-layout simulation has been made for the SAR ADC. At a 1.2-V supply voltage and a sampling rate of 300 MS/s, it consumes 1.27 mW and achieves an SNDR of 60 dB, an SFDR of 67.5 dB, with the Nyquist input. The SAR ADC occupies a core area of 450×380 μm².     

Positive Dedalus programs tolerate non-causality

Declarative networking is a recent approach to programming distributed applications with languages inspired by Datalog. A recent conjecture posits that the delivery of messages should respect causality if and only if they are used in non-monotone derivations. We present our results about this conjecture in the context of Dedalus, a Datalog-variant for distributed programming. We show that both directions of the conjecture fail under a strong semantical interpretation. But on a more syntactical level, we show that positive Dedalus programs can tolerate non-causal messages, in the sense that they compute the correct answer even when messages can be sent into the past.     

Asynchronous optimisation with the use of a cascade search algorithm

This paper introduces the development of an asynchronous approach coupled with a cascade optimisation algorithm. The approach incorporates concepts of asynchronous Markov processes and introduces a search process that is benefiting from distributed computing infrastructures. The algorithm uses concepts of partitions and pools to store intermediate solutions and corresponding objectives. Population inflections are performed periodically to ensure that Markov processes, still independent and asynchronous, make arbitrary use of intermediate solutions. Tested against complex optimisation problems and in comparison with commonly used Tabu Search, the asynchronous cascade algorithm demonstrates a significant potential in distributed operations with favourable comparisons drawn against synchronous and quasi-asynchronous versions of conventional algorithms.     

基于MRAS的无速度传感器异步电机矢量控制研究

本文依据异步电机矢量控制的基本原理,构建了无速度传感器的矢量控制系统。该系统中采用了转子磁链观测器方法,并运用模型参考自适应法进行了转子速度的估计。文中通过了Matlab/Simulink构建系统仿真模型,结果表明了系统的正确性与可行性。     

热矫直机与冷床交接辊道不同步故障的解决方案

本文主要介绍了某钢铁公司宽厚板生产线上,热矫直机输出辊道与冷床输入辊道之间因为以太网通讯存在滞后现象,导致两部分辊道存在速度不同步故障时,根据现场的实际情况提出的小投入,见大效的解决方案。     

异步电机转子绕组折算的充要条件

证明了异步电机绕组折算的充要条件为:(1)统一相数;(2)统一效匝;(3)保持磁势.同时还证明了保持转子上各种功率不变乃是转子绕组折算的导出结果,而不是折算的条件.