Selective molecularly imprinted polymer nanofiber sorbent for the extraction of bisphenol A in a water sample

Novel molecularly imprinted polymer nanofibers (MIP‐NFs) were prepared for the adsorption of bisphenol A (BPA) in a water sample using the sol–gel process and the electrospinning technique. The effects of a number of synthesis parameters on the adsorption efficiency were investigated. The successful removal of BPA from MIP‐NFs was studied using UV–visible spectroscopy. The prepared MIP‐NFs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, field emission SEM, TEM and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis. The results showed that the required molar ratio of 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to BPA was 15:1, which indicates a good performance in the rebinding test. Likewise, the molar ratio of APTES:acid:water was 1:2:9. The nylon 6 polymer solution, with a concentration of 12 wt%, showed a maximum adsorption capacity for BPA due to a decrease in the nanofiber diameter and an increase in the accessible sites. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of BPA was achieved at pH 7. Concerning the binding of BPA on MIP‐NFs, the experimental data matched well with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetics data and the Sips isotherm model. The saturated binding capacity for MIP‐NFs was predicted to be 115.1 mg g^?1, which was more than twice as high as that for non‐imprinted polymer nanofibers (46.82 mg g^?1). The results obtained in this study confirmed that the prepared MIP‐NFs showed considerable binding specificity for BPA in comparison with similar structural compounds such as phenol, naphthol and Naphthol AS, in aqueous solution. The binding capacity of MIP‐NFs remained almost constant after five cycles of reuse. The real sample analysis indicated that MIP‐NFs could be utilized as a useful sorbent material for the extraction of BPA from a water sample.     

金属有机框架材料MIL-53(Al)-F127对双酚A的吸附性能

采用一步溶剂热法制备具有介孔结构金属有机框架材料MIL-53(Al)-F127，用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外变换光谱仪(FTIR)、全自动比表面积及孔隙度分析仪(BET)等手段表征其形貌和结构，探究其对双酚A(BPA)的吸附性能并与微孔结构的MIL-53(Al)对比，研究了吸附剂的含量、pH以及温度对其吸附性能的影响。结果表明，介孔结构金属有机框架材料MIL-53(Al)-F127对双酚A具有良好的吸附性能；在pH值为6、温度为30℃条件下MIL-53(Al)-F127在20 min左右达到最大平衡吸附量为27.2 mg/g，去除率达到92%。其吸附动力学模型拟合结果，符合准二级动力学曲线。     

Identifying model pollutants to investigate biodegradation of hazardous XOCs in WWTPs

Xenobiotic organic compounds (XOCs) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents might cause toxic effects in ecosystems. Several investigations have emphasized biodegradation as an important removal mechanism to reduce pollution with XOCs from WWTP effluents. The aim of the study was to design a screening tool to identify and select hazardous model pollutants for the further investigation of biodegradation in WWTPs. The screening tool consists of three criteria: The XOC is present in WWTP effluents, the XOC constitutes an intolerable risk in drinking water or the environment, and the XOC is expected to be biodegradable in WWTPs. The screening tool was tested on bisphenol A (BPA), carbamazepine (CBZ), di(2ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), 17beta-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), 17alpha-ethinyloetradiol (EE2), ibuprofen, naproxen, nonylphenol (NP), and octylphenol (OP). BPA, DEHP, E2, E1, EE2, and NP passed all criteria in the screening tool and were selected as model pollutants. OP did not pass the filter and was rejected as model pollutant. CBZ, ibuprofen, and naproxen were not finally evaluated due to insufficient data.     

Electrochemical degradation of bisphenol A on different anodes

Laboratory experiments were carried out on the kinetics, pathways and mechanisms of electrochemical (EC) degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) on four types of anodes, Ti/boron-doped diamond (BDD), Ti/Sb-SnO₂, Ti/RuO₂ and Pt. There were considerable differences among the anodes in their effectiveness and performance of BPA electrolysis. BPA was readily destructed at the Ti/Sb-SnO₂ and Ti/BDD anodes, the Pt anode had a moderate ability to remove BPA, and the Ti/RuO₂ anode was incapable of effectively oxidising BPA. The intermediate products of EC degradation of BPA were detected and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a general BPA degradation pathway was proposed based on the analytical results. It was suggested that OH radicals produced by water electrolysis attacked BPA to form hydroxylated BPA derivatives that were then transformed into one-ring aromatic compounds. These compounds underwent ring breakage, which led to the formation of aliphatic acids that were eventually mineralised by electrolysis to CO₂. Compared to the Pt and Ti/RuO₂ anodes, the Ti/Sb-SnO₂ and Ti/BDD anodes were found to have higher oxygen evolution potentials and higher anodic potentials for BPA electrolysis under the same current condition. However, the stability and durability of the Ti/Sb-SnO₂ anode still needs to be greatly improved for actual application. In comparison, with its high durability and good reactivity for organic oxidation, the Ti/BDD anode appears to be the more promising one for the effective EC treatment of BPA and similar endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) pollutants.     

Adsorption of Bisphenol A to a Carbon Nanotube Reduced Its Endocrine Disrupting Effect in Mice Male Offspring

Soluble carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown promise as materials for adsorption of environmental contaminants such as Bisphenol A (BPA), due to the high adsorption capacity and strong desorption hysteresis of BPA on CNTs. The adsorption of BPA to CNTs may change the properties of both BPA and CNTs, and induce different toxicity to human and living systems from that of BPA and CNTs alone. Herein, we report that oral exposure of BPA/MWCNT–COOH (carboxylated multi-walled carbon nantubes) adduct to mice during gestation and lactation period decreased the male offspring reproductive toxicity compared with those induced by BPA alone. The adduct decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level in testis and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in serum, but increased the level of serum testosterone in male offspring in comparison to BPA alone. Our investigations broadened the knowledge of nanotoxicity and provided important information on the safe application of CNTs.     

基于Oracle的通用数据格式的电力系统模拟程序设计

在Oracle数据库上建立了一个基于VB.net的应用程序,来解决电力系统仿真程序的数据转换问题。电力系统的常见模拟模式是建立在Oracle数据库中,作为平台的一站式数据保存。用VB开发程序将数据转移到数据库中,并将数据转换为不同的格式。测试结果表明转换可以方便的操作,并且提高了工作效率和精度。     

基于改进遗传算法电力系统仿真软件间模型参数转换研究

现存电力系统各商业软件的模型结构和参数不统一,造成了大量异构数据源的存在,仿真软件间的数据交互困难。为解决该问题,提出了基于改进遗传算法(IGA)的模型参数转换方法。通过分析数据交互仿真软件的模型结构及参数设计的差异性,实现了电力系统仿真软件间的模型参数转换。在将IEEE 39节点算例的BPA仿真数据导入PSASP软件的过程中,基于改进遗传算法对PSASP中的动态模型进行了参数转换。并利用转换结果进行仿真计算,其结果与BPA软件的仿真结果基本一致。验证了该方法对电力系统仿真软件动态模型参数转换的有效性,并提高了电力系统仿真软件间数据交互的准确度。     

奶瓶中双酚A、烷基酚及烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚残留量的高效液相色谱-荧光测定法

建立了奶瓶中双酚A、烷基酚及烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚残留量的高效液相色谱-荧光测定方法.样品用二氯甲烷-甲醇提取后,采用高效液相色谱分离,荧光检测器检测.BPA、OP、NP、OPEO在0.05～1.0 μg/mL,NPEO在0.2～1.0 μg/mL范围呈线性.对奶瓶样品作添加回收试验,各种成分的平均回收率在81.1%～100.3%之间,相对标准偏差在2.7%～5.5%之间.方法检出限:BPA为1 mg/kg;OP、NP、OPEO为2 mg/kg ;NPEO为5 mg/kg.结果表明,该法简便、灵敏、精确度高,适用于奶瓶中双酚A、烷基酚及烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的残留分析.     

不同预处理方式对有机膨润土吸附性能的影响

分别以钠化和热化预处理膨润土,再用CTMAB进行改性,制得两种有机膨润土,通过红外(IR)和X射线衍射(XRD)表征结构,采用批量实验研究两种有机膨润土的吸附性能,讨论pH值、吸附时间和温度等因素对吸附能力的影响,从动力学和热力学方面探讨吸附机理.结果表明,热化有机土(TOB)比钠化有机土(NOB)的层间距更大,吸附性能更强.准二级动力方程能更好的描述两种有机土对双酚A的吸附过程,等温曲线符合Freundlich方程,热力学参数△H0、△G0和△S0均小于零,说明两种有机土对双酚A的吸附是放热的、自发的过程.