Pressing Processing Diminishes Outgrowth and Bridging for AgMg/Bi-2223 Tapes

Multifilamentary Bi-2223 tapes were fabricated by PIT, using a silver alloy sheath with 2.5% magnesium metal. Outgrowth and bridging are major disadvantages for some silver alloy sheathed Bi-2223 tapes. To solve the outgrowth problem, green tapes were pressed with different reduction rates and then sintered at high temperatures. Critical current I _c of the sintered tapes was measured at nitrogen temperature using the four-probe method. The morphology of the filament core was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate outgrowth of sintered tapes with different reduction rates. Outgrowth and bridging on cross and longitudinal sections of filaments were studied using TEM images. Experimental results suggest that pressing processing may diminish outgrowth and bridging. Number of outgrowths and cases of bridging are reduced when the reduction rate increases, but the slope of the reduction falls at large reduction rates. The I _c curve indicates that there is an optimum reduction rate at which I _c reaches a maximum. At the best reduction rate the amount of outgrowth and bridging is close to the lowest. Experimental results show that pressing processing can diminish outgrowth and bridging by as much as 50%. Therefore, proper pressing is an effective method for both diminishing outgrowth and bridging and enhancement of I _c.     

Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O高温超导材料的连接技术

Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O（BSCCO）高温超导材料在电力工程中拥有广阔的应用前景。本文全面概述了国内外研究Bi系高温超导材料连接技术的现状和不足，重点介绍了BSCCO带材常规冷压成形后再高温反应退火的扩散焊连接技术，另外，阐述了近几年采用高温加压直接扩散连接的最新研究成果。     

实用Bi系高温超导带材

介绍了(Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox(BSCCO)带材产业化生产技术,并就几个理、导线的机械加工以及带材的形变热处理等作了详尽的阐述,比较了世界各国的发展现状.针对特定的高温超导应用方向如超导电缆、超导磁体和电流引线等,研究了提高长导线均匀性的关键技术,进行BSCCO导线的多样化设计以降低导线的交流损耗、热导率和临界弯曲半径,并对导线进行表面改性处理如涂镀绝缘漆和镀锡等.结合已有的研究基础,从提高BSCCO带材的性能和降低生产成本出发,指出了BSCCO带材产业化技术今后的发展方向.     

The use of nanophase powders for high Jc superconductor tape production

Advances in processing of superconductors has demonstrated that ceramic powders with exact composition, super-homogeneity, and extremely fine particle size can be prepared by chemical processing to achieve high density and uniform microstructure. The chemical processing routes have great advantage in preparing powder with high reactivity thus promoting solid state reactions required to produce ‘purer’ superconducting phase. We have studied extensively the coprecipitation technique for the preparation of superconducting ceramic powders. Chemical solution methods have been used in order to model several superconducting systems and to predict optimum conditions for obtaining exact composition. Several improvements on the control of precipitation reaction have been implemented in order to obtain powders of few nanometers in size. This has been done by carrying out the reaction in the bulk of a solution or in microemlusion systems. The corecipitated precursor powder has been used for production of 20− 30 meter long Ag-clad tapes. These tapes require considerably reduced processing times. By controlled heat treatment conditions, these tapes have been processed to carry transport critical current density, J_c <4 × 10⁴ A/cm² at 77K in zero applied field.     

Fabrication and Electromechanical Characterization of Silver-Clad BSCCO Tapes

The powder-in-tube technique consisting of industrial processes such as wire drawing and rolling has been widely used to fabricate superconducting tapes. In the present investigation a novel technique was adopted to fabricate BSCCO 2223 tapes. Instead of wire drawing, the silver billet was reduced in size by groove rolling. Stress conditions during groove rolling were analyzed and appropriate changes were incorporated to optimize the deformation process. Subsequent thermomechanical treatment resulted in tapes with average critical current densities of 18,000 A/cm². Phase development and microstructural evolution during the thermomechanical treatment were studied using XRD, SEM, and TEM. The electromechanical properties of monofilament and composite BSCCO tapes were evaluated by subjecting them to in situ tensile tests. The strain tolerance of the composite was found to be better than that of the monofilament BSCCO tape.     

基于混合高温超导储能系统的电网动态功率补偿策略与试验

为实现高温超导储能系统(SMES)对电网功率波动的动态补偿,采用第1代铋系和第2代钇钡铜氧高温超导材料,设计并构建了过冷液氮温区运行、千焦级容量的混合高温超导储能系统。应用数字信号处理器和微控制器的双处理器形式,设计了LCL滤波的电压型SMES变流器的功率控制系统电路,基于空间矢量脉冲调制法(SVPWM),提出了SMES变流器对系统功率补偿的控制方法,并进行控制软件编程,实现对并网侧功率的动态监测和补偿策略的实时计算。最后应用SMES在一条200km输电线路上进行并网动模试验,针对电网负荷变化产生的功率波动状态,实现了毫秒级内对电力系统的快速功率输出和波动抑制,验证了超导储能系统对电网瞬时功率补偿策略和功率补偿变流装置的有效性。     

Bi-based superconductors prepared with addition of CoFe2O4 for the design of a magnetic probe

We have investigated the microstructure and the magnetoresistivity of bismuth based superconductor bulks added with nano-sized CoFe₂O₄ particles (10 nm in diameter). Samples were prepared through the solid state reaction (SSR) technique by addition of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles during the last step of heat treatment. Phase examination using X-ray diffraction (XRD), morphology investigation by scanning electron microscope (SEM), microstructure and local chemical composition analyses using transmission electron microscope (TEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDXS), electrical resistance versus temperature ρ(T) under applied magnetic fields (B) and electrical resistance versus B at 77 K, ρ(B), were carried out. The CoFe₂O₄ added sample shows a great magnetoresistance to weak magnetic field at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K). This result is attractive for practical, because CoFe₂O₄ added samples can be utilized as active elements in magnetic fields sensor devices.     

铋系银包套高温超导多芯带材的显微组织结构

采用粉末装管法制备了Ｍ２７（２７芯）,Ｍ１９（１９芯）六种铋系银包套高温超导多芯带材,利用标准四引线测量其电学性能临界温度（Ｔｃ）和临界电流密度（Ｊｃ）,利用高分辨电子显微镜,配有能谱仪的透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究其显微组织结构。     

硅衬底上BSCCO高温超导材料的制备

研究了采用单靶控溅射在Ｓｉ（１００）衬底上生长ＹＳＺ（钇稳定的ＺｒＯ２）ＢＳＣＣＯ（铋锶钙铜氧）薄膜的工艺条件,包括生长温度,生长气氛,生长速率及氧化退化等。还研究了高温超导相的形成与生长温度的关系,并获得了超导膜临界温度为８２Ｋ的ＢＳＣＣＯ／ＹＳＺ／Ｓｉ兼容材料。     

Chemical Stability of the Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconductors

The changes in volume of superconducting high-T _c (2223) phase of the high-temperature superconductors (HTSC) with nominal composition Bi_3.2Pb_0.8Sr₄Ca₅Cu₇O _x are studied by magnetic susceptibility during soaking of material in water and more aggressive aqueous solutions. The apparent volumes of the 2223 superconducting phase after long-term (168 hr) soaking in H₂O, NaCl_(aq), and NaOH_(aq) decreased to 22%, 17%, and 57%, respectively. The atomic absorption analysis of resulting solutions showed high amounts of Sr²⁺ and Ca²⁺ in H₂O and NaCl_(aq) and lower amounts of Sr²⁺ and Ca²⁺ in NaOH_(aq). The highest content of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ was detected in NaOH_(aq).