电石汽车卸料、破碎、除尘、输送一体化智能系统——中吴天玺系统

针对PVC企业电石车间存在的粉尘污染严重、人工操作安全隐患大等问题,江苏中吴环境工程设计研究有限公司开发了电石汽车卸料、破碎、除尘、输送一体化智能系统(即中吴天玺系统),对该系统的工艺流程、系统组成、占地空间、经济效益和社会效益簣方面进行了介绍。     

Synthesis,characterization and charge transport properties of Pr–Ni Co-doped SrFe2O4 spinel for high frequency devices applications

Ferrites are materials of interest due to their broad applications in high technological devices and a lot of research has been focused to synthesize new ferrites. In this regard, an effort has been devoted to synthesize spinel Pr–Ni co-substituted strontium ferrites with a nominal formula of Sr_1-xPr_xFe_2-yNi_yO₄ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, 0.0 ≤ y ≤ 1.0). The cubic structure of pure and Pr–Ni co-substituted strontium ferrite samples calcinated at 1073 K for 3 h has been confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Average sizes of crystallites (18–25 nm) have been estimated from XRD analysis and nanometer particle sizes of synthesized ferrites have been further verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM results have also shown that particles are mostly agglomerated and all the samples possess porosity. It has been observed that at 298 K, the values of resistivity (ρ) increase, while that of AC conductivity, dielectric loss, and dielectric constants decrease with increasing amounts of Pr³⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions. The values of dielectric parameters initially decrease with frequency and later become constant and can be explained on the basis of dielectric polarization. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies show that the charge transport phenomenon in ferrite materials is mainly controlled via grain boundaries. Overall, synthesized ferrite materials own enhanced resistivity values in the range of 1.38 × 10⁹–1.94 × 10⁹ Ω cm and minimum dielectric losses, which makes them suitable candidates for high frequency devices applications.     

Charge Transportation and Chirality in Liquid Crystalline Helical Network Phases of Achiral BTBT-Derived Polycatenar Molecules

First examples of multichain (polycatenar) compounds, based on the π-conjugated [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene unit are designed, synthesized, and their soft self-assembly and charge carrier mobility are investigated. These compounds, terminated by the new fan-shaped 2-brominated 3,4,5-trialkoxybenzoate moiety, form bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline (LC) phases with helical network structure over extremely wide temperature ranges (>200 K), including ambient temperature. Compounds with short chains show an achiral cubic phase with the double network, which upon increasing the chain length, is at first replaced by a tetragonal 3D phase and then by a mirror symmetry is broken triple network cubic phase. In the networks, the capability of bypassing defects provides enhanced charge carrier mobility compared to imperfectly aligned columnar phases, and the charge transportation is non-dispersive, as only rarely observed for LC materials. At the transition to a semicrystalline helical network phase, the conductivity is further enhanced by almost one order of magnitude. In addition, a mirror symmetry broken isotropic liquid phase is formed beside the 3D phases, which upon chain elongation is removed and replaced by a hexagonal columnar LC phase.     

基于平均功率平衡控制的磁悬浮分子泵电力失效补偿方法

高速磁悬浮涡轮分子泵（Turbo Molecular Pump, TMP）因其高能量密度、微振动、无需润滑等优点被广泛应用于工业领域，但外部电源失效时，高速转子跌落后与保护轴承产生剧烈撞击和摩擦，将给系统带来致命损害。针对以上问题，提出一种基于平均功率平衡法的电力失效补偿控制（Power Failure Compensation Control, PFCC）方法。首先，设计电机能量回馈电路；其次，对Buck-Boost变换器进行数学建模，设计一种双环非线性控制器，其中电流内环使用滑模控制，电压外环使用平均功率平衡控制（Average Power Balance Control, APBC），并利用Lyapunov函数推导出系统的稳定性条件；最后，通过搭建磁悬浮分子泵PFCC实验平台，对所提出的方法进行实验验证。结果表明：本文所提出的方法具有快速响应和输出鲁棒性，磁悬浮转子由额定转速21000 r/min降至3900 r/min时跌落，电机能量转化效率为96.6%，提高了磁轴承系统的安全性。     

Structural,electrical, and linear/nonlinear optical characteristics of thermally evaporated molybdenum oxide thin films

Homogeneous thin films of Molybdenum oxide (MoO₃) were grown on quartz and glass substrates using the thermal evaporation method. XRD results showed that the MoO₃ powder has a polycrystalline structure with an orthorhombic crystal system whereas the MoO₃ thin films have amorphous nature. SEM images showed that the MoO₃ thin films have a nearly uniform surfaces with worm-like shape grains. The film thickness influences on the linear and nonlinear optical characteristics of MoO₃ thin films that were examined using spectrophotometric measurements and from which, the linear optical constants of the MoO₃ thin films were estimated. The electronic transition type was determined as a direct allowed one. The values of the optical band gap were obtained to be in the range of 3.88–3.72 eV. The dispersion parameters, third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, and the nonlinear refractive index of the MoO₃ thin films were determined and interpreted in the light of the single oscillator model. The temperature dependence of the DC electrical conductivity and the corresponding conduction mechanism for the MoO₃ films were investigated at temperatures ranging from 303 to 463 K.     

Digital hysteresis sliding mode control for interleaved DC–DC converters

This paper presents a digital constant frequency sliding mode control (SMC) law for interleaved DC–DC converters. Constant switching frequency and interleaving are achieved by dynamically adjusting the hysteresis of the control signals generating comparators. The interleaving method neither imposes constraints on the number of required phases to obtain a specific output voltage nor uses quasi-SMC. Hence, the control scheme achieves high flexibility, robustness, and performance. Furthermore, a sliding mode observer (SMO) for reconstructing the inductor currents is proposed. Experimental results for a two-phase buck converter are reported. The control concept accomplishes an improved dynamic performance in comparison with quasi-SMC.     

高温除尘滤料性能检测及对比分析

针对工业除尘(燃煤电厂除尘为主)常用玻璃纤维、PPS纤维(聚苯硫醚)、丙烯腈共聚体纤维(亚克力)、聚酯纤维(涤纶)等4种材质的环保除尘滤料产品进行了测试分析,主要包括单位面积质量、透气率、断裂强力、断裂伸长率、连续工作温度下强力保持率、热收缩率、酸碱处理后断裂强力保持率、静态除尘效率等技术参数。结果表明:大多数滤料的单位面积质量超过800 g/m^2,最高为1253 g/m^2;滤料的透气率基本为2~5 m^3/(m^2·min);不同滤料的静态除尘效率最低为99.79%,最高达99.95%;酸碱处理后的测试结果表明滤料具有较好的耐酸腐蚀性,瞬时工作温度及连续工作温度24 h的断裂强力保持率满足技术要求且具有稳定的热收缩率。测试结果可为工业用户选择滤料提供依据。     

基于STM32的开环霍尔电流传感器的温度补偿研究

研究了一种基于软件补偿结合恒流源补偿的改进温度补偿方法,应用单片机、恒流源、数字温度传感器、乘法器等硬件电路,对传统软件补偿进行了优化,补偿效果较传统恒流源补偿有了明显提升,“温漂”整体下降了约13.7%。在传统的温度补偿方法如热敏元件补偿、恒流源补偿、软件补偿等方式上做了补充,对于霍尔电流传感器精度的提升及实际生产需求的满足有重要意义。     

破乳诱导萃取-ICP-MS法测定食用油中镉的含量

建立破乳诱导萃取结合电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)法测定食用油中重金属镉含量的方法。优化关键实验参数(表面活性剂种类、表面活性剂质量浓度、硝酸体积分数以及食用油取样量),应用优化的实验条件检测实际食用油样品。优化的实验条件为Triton X-114作表面活性剂质量浓度0.09 g/mL、硝酸体积分数5%、食用油取样量2.0 g。该方法食用油中镉的检出限为0.031 ng/g,标准曲线的相关系数大于0.999 9,回收率在90.3%～105.0%之间。与传统的微波消解法对比,2种方法得到的结果无显著性差异。此破乳诱导萃取法是一种简单、快速、绿色的样品前处理方法,结合ICP-MS可以实现食用油中镉的灵敏、准确检测。     

菠萝叶纤维化学脱胶过程中理化性能变化规律

采用纤维组分测定、单色荧光显微成像系统、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、拉伸性能测试等手段表征菠萝叶纤维在化学脱胶过程中组成、结构与力学性能的变化规律。结果表明:在化学脱胶过程中,菠萝叶纤维成分变化较大,纤维素含量由60.21%提高至80.09%,半纤维素含量由16.62%降低至7.68%,木质素含量由10.68%降低至1.03%,果胶含量由3.30%降低至1.13%;半纤维素和果胶在预酸、碱煮后发生了剧烈降解,大部分木质素还需漂白后方能去除;纤维细度逐渐变小,表面变得光滑,沟槽逐渐明显,分离度增加,均匀性提高;纤维素晶型保持不变,均属于Ⅰ型纤维素,但相对结晶度逐渐升高;纤维断裂强力和断裂强度虽然有所降低,但可满足后续纺纱要求。