A rapid detection method for the surface defects of mosaic ceramic tiles

Due to its unique artistic value, mosaic ceramics are widely used in construction-related fields. To meet the artist's demand for high-quality mosaic ceramic to create artistic works, it is necessary to meet the needs for efficient screening of mosaic ceramic tiles. Different from the ordinary large-target ceramics, mosaic ceramics exhibit characteristics of small tile sizes, a variety of colors, large demand for quantities, and easy reflection on the surface. Common manual detection methods show problems of low efficiency or accuracy, easy to fatigue, and many others. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new detection method to identify surface defects of mosaic ceramic tiles and designs a detection system platform to achieve rapid detection. The experiment proves that the detection system has a detection rate of 93.99% for small defects on the surface of mosaic ceramic tiles, and the detection time of a single mosaic ceramic tile is less than 0.06 s. The detection method can quickly and accurately screen out high-quality, defect-free mosaic ceramic tiles, which can effectively improve the quality and artistic value of mosaic ceramic art creation.     

犹豫模糊环境下准则具有偏好关系的TODIM方法

针对智慧制造评估时专家的决策信息具有犹豫模糊不确定性问题，提出了一种关于准则具有犹豫模糊偏好关系的改进交互式多准则决策（TODIM）方法。首先提出了准则间的犹豫模糊偏好关系概念，并证明了其基本性质。在TODIM方法优势度的计算过程中，将准则权重犹豫模糊偏好关系替代原有的精确值权重，使信息的准确性最大化。将该方法用于智能制造的评估上，实例分析结果表明所提方法是可行和有效的。     

动物源性食品中非法使用药物残留检测方法的研究进展

动物性食品可为人类提供丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质和维生素,是人类饮食中不可缺少的部分。随着人类生活水平的逐步提高,人们对动物源性食品的安全问题也越来越重视,而非法使用药物残留也一直是重要的影响因素之一。药物残留不仅会给消费者带来潜在危害,残留毒性和耐药性也会对食物和环境有显著影响。故本文综述了当前国内外关于动物源性食品中非法使用药物残留的原因、危害和药物种类,介绍了药物残留的常用检测方法,以期为加大动物源性食品中非法使用药物残留检测的力度和精度,以及从源头控制动物源性食品安全提供一定的理论指导依据。     

基于压力和流量守恒收敛准则的微织构端面机械密封数值计算

目前在研究微织构端面机械密封时,离散求解雷诺方程时采用的压力收敛准则,并不能完全保证得到准确的泄漏率。提出基于压力收敛和内外径流量守恒收敛双重收敛准则的微织构端面机械密封数值计算方法,针对圆柱形微孔端面机械密封,基于考虑JFO边界条件的二维雷诺方程,建立含一个计算域的数值计算模型,并采用不同的收敛准则对开启力和泄漏率进行数值计算。结果表明:仅使用压力收敛准则不能显式判断计算是否已经满足质量守恒,不能准确计算泄漏率;仅使用内外径流量守恒收敛准则可能出现迭代初始阶段就满足收敛条件,导致错误结果;使用压力收敛准则和内外径流量守恒收敛准则相结合的双重收敛准则,可保证泄漏率计算的正确性。     

基于高光谱图像的改进SIFT特征提取与匹配

针对尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法所提取图像特征点数量少、误匹率高的问题,提出了一种基于高光谱图像的改进SIFT算法。首先,依据传统SIFT算法中高斯金字塔的构造思想,结合在不同波段下的高光谱图像具有相同宏观特征的特点,首次用高光谱图像作为原始算法中经高斯变换产生的图像,使得检测到的具有实际意义的特征点数量大幅增加;其次,传统SIFT算法以及大量的改进方法都只通过目标象元邻域范围内的像素信息来构造特征描述符,而忽略了像素点的位置信息,文中将目标象元的位置信息纳入了特征描述符,在特征描述符的匹配阶段,在利用邻域范围内的像素信息进行粗匹配之后,利用特征描述符中的位置信息进行精细匹配。仿真实验结果表明在限定最优值与次优值之比的情况下,采用高光谱图像构造高斯金字塔的方式能显著增加特征点的提取数量,更多地挖掘出图像中的极值点;在特征描述符中加入目标象元的位置信息作为特征点匹配第二阶段的判断依据,正确匹配数量达到原方法的59倍以上,极大提升了算法的匹配性能。     

浅谈城市废水水质检测方法与应用

国家与地区的经济发展水平一定离不开工业的发展,我国作为工业大国,工业发展对于国家整体经济有着不可取代的作用。然而随着工业的发展,全球性的环境污染和生态破坏越来越严重。特别是我国经济正处于快速发展阶段,城市化进程不断推进,城市污染情况日益严重,城市污水治理工作逐渐被大众所关注,逐渐开始进入公众可能给事业。我国二十世纪七十年代开始逐渐开始现代城市污水的治理工作。因此,对城市污水的水质监测工作成为了极为重要的一个环节。从城市污水检测方式这一角度进行研究,分析当前城市污水水质检验方法提升实际效果的应用模式,希望能够更好的处理我国城市日益严峻废水处理问题。     

某污水处理厂MBR膜系统改造与运行管理

某污水处理厂设计规模为10万t/d,采用AAO+MBR工艺,设计出水水质满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准。由于运行时间较长,MBR运行系统存在产能下降、膜丝断丝脱落、污堵和清洗频次以及强度增加等问题,严重影响正常生产运行。针对MBR系统运行中存在的问题,文中提出具体改造建议,并总结运行经验,进一步优化MBR膜系统的运行维护管理,为其他污水厂MBR膜系统运行问题提供解决思路和维护管理经验。     

一种矿用二氧化氮传感器的检测方法

矿用二氧化氮传感器是煤矿常用的气体检测仪表，针对煤矿需求开发的矿用二氧化氮传感器，需要满足煤矿矿用产品要求。文章提出一种矿用二氧化氮传感器检测方法，说明矿用二氧化氮传感器需要满足的技术参数，供实验室检测人员借鉴，也为设计制造矿用二氧化氮传感器提供了参考。     

Comparison of the RAPID-B® flow cytometer and the BAX® system for the detection of non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in beef products

The beef industry continues to be interested in reliable rapid detection technologies for shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Current rapid technologies require several hours of pre-enrichment and additional time on the rapid technology instrument. A flow cytometer-based system (RAPID-B^®) has been shown to improve the turn-around for results with a more rapid pre-enrichment requiring only 6.5 h pre-enrichment for a 25 g and 8.5 h for a 375 g sample, followed by an additional 30 min time to achieve final results using the screening technology. The purpose of this study was to validate the RAPID-B^® technology for non-O157 STEC detection as compared to the USDA-FSIS reference method which utilizes the BAX^® system. A total of 180 STEC isolates from various sources and 20 non-STEC strains were used to evaluate specificity and sensitivity using the RAPID-B^® flow cytometer. Also, three different weights (25, 325 and 375 g) of beef trim and ground beef samples were spiked with each STEC to verify detection sensitivity of BAX^® system and RAPID-B^® flow cytometer. For both methods, samples were confirmed by culturing using the USDA-FSIS reference method regardless of the screening result. The RAPID-B^® flow cytometer showed that 180 isolates were all positive and the 20 non-STEC strains were all negative. For spiked beef samples, overall detection sensitivity was the same for both the BAX^® system and RAPID-B^® flow cytometer. When detection sensitivity was based on sample weight, there was no differences in 25 and 375 g samples between RAPID-B^® flow cytometer and USDA-FSIS reference method. The RAPID-B^® system yielded the same sensitivity as the reference method with a decrease of over 10 h of pre-enrichment time and 3 h of rapid screening detection time. In conclusion, the RAPID-B^® flow cytometer based on whole cell detection generated similar results as BAX^® system therefore the RAPID-B^® flow cytometer system could be a valuable rapid method for the detection of non-O157 STEC in beef products.     

Prioritizing the elective surgery patient admission in a Chinese public tertiary hospital using the hesitant fuzzy linguistic ORESTE method

In public health systems around the world, there are not enough medical resources to provide elective (e.g., scheduled or non-emergency) services for all patients immediately. One feasible solution is to prioritize patients by taking into account a variety of factors, such as disease severity, waiting time, and disease types. This is a typical Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem. To solve this problem, in this paper, we first conduct an investigation on the admission process, and obtain 16 indicators affecting patients’ admission, which form a criteria system. Since there is much vague and uncertain information which can be depicted by the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set effectively for these indicators, we then apply a powerful MCDM method, named the hesitant fuzzy linguistic ORESTE, to prioritize the elective surgery patient admission in a Chinese public tertiary hospital, the West China Hospital. Robust results are obtained by performing a sensitivity analysis with six scenarios. We also compare the results with those derived by other HFL-MCDM methods. It is illustrated that the hesitant fuzzy linguistic ORESTE can help hospitals flexibly manage the patient admissions.