Hydrogen-rich gas generation via the exhaust gas-fuel reformer for the marine LNG engine

Reformed exhaust gas recirculation technology has attracted great attention in internal combustion engines. A platform of an exhaust gas-fuel reformer connected with the marine LNG engine was set up for generating on-board hydrogen. Based on the platform, effects of the methane to oxygen ratio (M/O) and reformed exhaust gas ratio (R_EG) from the reformer and excess air ratio (λ) from the engine on the components, hydrogen yield, thermal efficiency and reforming process of the reformer were experimentally investigated. Results shown that hydrogen-rich gases (reformate) can be generated by reforming the mixture of engine exhaust gas (about 400 °C) and methane supplied via the reformer with Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst, and the hydrogen concentration of reformate was between 6.2% and 12.6% by volume. The methane supplied rate and λ affected the components and temperature of the reactant in the reformer, while R_EG changed the gas hour space velocity during the exhaust gas-fuel reforming processes, resulting in the difference in the components of the reformate and thermal efficiency. At the present experimental condition, the highest H₂ concentration reformate was generated under the M/O of 2.0, λ of 1.55 and R_EG of 6%.     

Concept design of a novel reformer producing hydrogen for internal combustion engines using fuel decomposition method: Performance evaluation of coated monolith suitable for on-board applications

Hydrogen addition effectively reduces the fuel consumption of spark ignition engines. We propose a new on-board reformer that produces hydrogen at high concentrations and enables multi-mode operations. For the proposed reformer, we employ a catalytic fuel decomposition reaction via a commercial NiO–CaAl₂O₄ catalyst. We explore the physical and chemical aspects of the reforming process using a fixed bed micro-reactor operating at temperatures of 550–700 °C. During reduction, methane is decomposed to form hydrogen and carbon. Carbon formation is critical to hydrogen production, and free space for carbon growth is essential at low temperatures (≤600 °C). We define a new accumulated conversion ratio that quantitatively measures highly transient catalytic decomposition. The free space of the coated monolith clearly aided low-temperature decomposition with negligible pressure drop. The coated substrate is therefore suitable for on-board applications considering that our reformer concept also utilizes the catalytic fuel decomposition reaction.     

Integrated and inherently safe design and operation of a mobile power generation: Process intensification through microreactor reformer and HT-PEMFC

In the present study, due to various advantages of process miniaturization, the integrated design and operation of a mobile power generation system consisting of a microreactor reformer and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) are investigated. The hydrogen fuel is supplied through autothermal steam-reforming of methanol in a microreactor leading to a safer, as well as more efficient, and economical operation. A high-temperature polymer membrane fuel cell with external accessories is applied for power generation. Then, simulation-optimization programming is applied for simultaneously optimizing the process design and operation at the same level. The result shows that the implemented procedure ensures the economic and flexible operation of the process while satisfying the safety constraints. The maximum gross power and net power generation are 109.3 and 91.9, respectively, while the cost of hydrogen production reduces from 13 to 20 $/kg to 7.7 $/kg. The fuel (methanol) consumption can be as low as 0.42 L/kWh.     

CAN-BUS系统应用一例

CAN-BUS系统自问世以来,已将近30年,当代各品牌车辆纷纷采用,但大部分技术人员对CAN总线系统既熟悉又陌生。经常能听到,但具体操作又显得有些力不从心。本文通过对奇瑞A3品牌轿车CAN总线的巧妙应用,引导大家进一步理解和应用CAN总线。     

基于响应曲面法的涡轮增压器废气阀门激光焊接工艺优化研究

激光焊接技术凭借其高效、高精度的特点已广泛应用在汽车制造产业,在涡轮增压器的生产中,激光焊接也逐步被应用于实现废气阀门与阀杆的连接。虽然当前对于激光焊接的工艺研究很多,但对工艺参数的优化也一直缺少一个科学有效的方法。本文以熔接深度、熔接宽度和内部缺陷作为响应变量,选取焊接功率、焊接速度作为因子,运用响应曲面法(RSM)设计实验方案,通过对响应结果进行分析,研究焊接参数对焊接质量的影响,拟合能够预测最优参数的数学模型,最终将获得的最优参数运用到生产中进行验证。     

电动自行车用便携式充电器的质量安全风险研究

近年来,电动自行车在充电过程中发生的火灾事故频发,给人民群众的生命财产安全带来极大危险。通过风险监测研究发现,电动自行车用便携式充电器存在消耗功率大,输出电流大,充电时无人照看,使用环境恶劣等多个风险源。本文通过试验分析,揭示了此类产品的本身质量问题和由于使用不当所造成的安全风险。     

大型风力发电机组变桨电池充电故障分析处理

风力发电机组的控制系统多采用工业大规模集成系统进行运算控制，提高了抗干扰能力。控制系统通过光纤与监控室的计算机连接，可以远距离对风机进行实时监控，大大降低了运行人员的工作量和劳动强度，是进行远程运行数据统计分析及故障原因分析的重要手段。当风机出现报警停机时，如何准确地判断故障类型和原因并给出故障处理的方法对于风机的安全运行至关重要，文章总结分析了风力发电机组变桨电池充电故障的现象、原因、分析过程以及处理方法，保证了风机的正常运行，为同类故障提供了参考。     

基于SPCE061的MPPT太阳能锂电池充电器设计

太阳能电池输出曲线具有非线性的特点,传统太阳能充电器对太阳能电池的利用效率低。文章在经过数学模型分析基础上,提出采用改变占空比使充电电流最大的MPPT跟踪策略,大幅提高太阳能电池利用率。同时通过BUCK电路与SPCE061单片机对充电过程进行监控,采用三段式算法保证锂电池性能,提高其寿命。最后通过实验数据对比验证了该设计的实用性和有效性。     

虚拟电池管理系统

针对电动汽车充电设备的自动化检测,设计并实现了一种基于计算机和CAN通信接口的虚拟电池管理系统。此系统基于动力电池电量特性和热特性的数学模型,根据测量所得充电设备的输出模拟动力电池的充电响应,如单体电池电压、单体电池温度、电池荷电状态(SOC)等,再将这些状态信息回馈给充电设备,从而为充电设备检测提供实验环境。该虚拟电池管理系统可按检测要求设置不同的动力电池类型及参数,配置不同的充电要求,为充电设备提供相应的虚拟电池负载,实现充电设备检测过程可控。     

不同类型电动汽车充电机接入后电力系统的谐波分析

电动汽车充电站接入电力系统产生的谐波主要来自充电机的整流装置,因此有必要对由不同整流装置构成的充电机接入系统产生的谐波进行对比分析,为充电站的谐波治理和充电机选择提供依据。使用PSCAD软件设计了充电机谐波测量模型,建立了三相桥式不控整流充电机、12脉波整流充电机、脉宽调制整流充电机的仿真模型,使用快速傅里叶变换法测量了谐波,并对数据进行了对比分析。该模型能够为充电站选择充电机提供依据。该方法可用于集中式、采用常规充电方式的大型充电站接入系统的谐波分析。