Expert system for dispatch control in restoration of ehv power system after complete blackout

Present-day power systems operate with high reliability, and it is rare that a blackout will extend over an entire system swiftly and securely. This paper considers automatic power supply to loads after a complete blackout of a system. First, taking into account characteristics of generators, loads, and initial power sources, a method is proposed of allocating several generators to each load in parallel to the system and supplying power to the load sequentially. Second, to remove the imbalance between supply and demand of power, a method is proposed of adjusting the amount of supply and generation according to a present imbalance and the sum of past ones. Third, to automatically issue orders for start-up, parallel, follow-up, stand-by, and stoppage of generators, several rules for each power station are set and an expert system is made based on them. Finally, the expert system is applied to a model power system, and it is verified that it can restore loads without any trouble for a complete blackout which occur at any time of a day and in any restoration pattern.     

Chemical and Isotopic Tracer Evaluation of Water Mixing and Evaporation in a Dammed Texas River During Drought

The interaction between drought and river regulation is monitored to better understand river flow mixing, evaporation and surface‐groundwater exchange in changing regional climates and in increasingly regulated waterways. This study compared Brazos River stable isotope (δ¹⁸O and δD) and electrical conductivity values with reservoir, creek and aquifer samples in the Brazos watershed, the largest watershed in Texas. The combination of tributaries, rainfall and the Brazos River Alluvium Aquifer, on the one hand, and the Lake Whitney reservoir, on the other hand, represent endmembers of dilute run‐off water and evaporated saline water, respectively. A simple isotope mixing model that uses monthly river discharge, Lake Whitney discharge, historical monthly precipitation δ¹⁸O and pan evaporation accurately reconstructs river δ¹⁸O (±0.5‰ on average). Data and isotope balance modelling support continued evaporation of ¹⁸O‐enriched Lake Whitney water as it flows downstream, although the most evaporation took place in Lake Whitney. The difference between river and precipitation δ¹⁸O, or Δ¹⁸O_RIV‐_PPT, here a measurement of degree of evaporation, ranged from ?0.1‰ for a small creek, to 1.7‰ for the Brazos River, to at least 2.7‰ in Lake Whitney. This study indicates that drought in regulated rivers may enhance reservoir discharge dominance in river flows during peak drought conditions when combined run‐off and baseflow dominance would be expected in a similar undammed river. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

探究用电检查管理中营配信息集成的重要作用

随着我国经济和科学技术的不断发展,用电检查也应从传统的实地管理模式转为自动化、信息化的管理模式。详细阐述、分析了营配信息集成在用电检查工作中的作用。     

一种德州扑克的牌力评估方法

德州扑克是机器博弈领域中一种很好的研究对象,与国际象棋、西洋棋等不同,其涉及了诸如不完整信息抽象与处理、多智能体竞争、风险评估与管理、对手建模等多方面的问题研究。其中,不完备信息抽象与处理是其他问题研究的基础,抽象与处理信息就是要对当前牌局进行评估以供后续工作使用。针对牌局信息不完整的情况,讨论了一些评估牌力方法,分析了这些方法的利弊,并提出了一种新的牌力评估方法,以提升计算速度,减少资源占用。实验结果表明,新的方法摒弃了查找表,达到了节省空间的目的,同时也具备较快的计算速度。     

From the field to the web: implementing best-practice recommendations in documentary linguistics

New methods of documenting languages with digital technologies has led to a multitude of different formats that are difficult to reuse over time. To overcome the problems surrounding the portability of digital language documentation, linguists are in the process of formulating best-practice recommendations to increase the likelihood of their work's long-term survival. This paper describes the implementation of a comprehensive set of current best-practice recommendations pertaining to content, format, discovery, access, citation, preservation, and rights in the context of the language documentation efforts of the Texas German Dialect Project. This project is different from others in that it is not primarily concerned with digitizing and archiving existing recordings. Instead, the archive it is creating is the end-result of a research project whose workflow begins with data-collection in the filed and ends with depositing digitized and annotated language materials in a web-accessible digital archive of Texas German. This paper shows how a number of conflicting best-practice recommendations can be resolved, thereby satisfying the diverse needs of academic research, teaching, and outreach to the community. As such, the results reported here are an important contribution to the search for strategies guaranteeing the long-term survival of digital language documentation resources.

大亚湾核电站全厂断电诱发的严重事故过程研究

在大亚湾核电站严重事故计算分析结果的基础上,对全厂断电诱发的典型的严重事故序列及缓解对策进行了分析。结果表明,全厂断电事故发生后,大约1～2h堆芯上部会裸露,压力容器在5～7h后失效。在约100h安全壳超压失效,而堆坑地基在事故后8.7d会被熔蚀5.5m。结果还表明,堆坑注水措施可以防止堆坑地基熔穿并且减少事故中由于堆芯熔融物与混凝土反应产生的氢气。     

Enhancing Civil Engineering Education and ABET Criteria through Practical Experience

The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) has adopted a revised set of criteria for accrediting engineering programs. Nevertheless, as in the past, civil engineering departments will be required to demonstrate proficiency in specific subject areas which are included in the ABET program criteria. This paper investigates how civil engineering students at Lamar University improved their understanding of various subject areas required by ABET and listed in the Program Criteria for Civil and Similarly Named Engineering Programs and the General Criteria (professional component) by being involved with cooperative, part-time, and summer work experiences. In particular, the findings suggest that both undergraduate and graduate students believe that three areas have been greatly enhanced with engineering work. They include structural engineering, project management/scheduling and estimating, and teamwork. In addition, undergraduates perceive that their understanding of health and safety issues and ethical considerations has also increased. In contrast, graduate students believe that their knowledge of hydraulics, hydrology, and water resources, constructability, and economic factors has been enhanced by civil engineering work experiences.     

基于协同学思想的电网连锁反应故障预防模型

给出了电力系统连锁反应事故预防的协同学思想,建立了连锁反应的故障预防模型。该模型引入了反映系统运行点距离自组织临界状态远近程度的系统连锁反应风险系数和表征系统支路之间关联程度的支路连锁反应风险系数。比较了连锁反应故障模式搜索过程和手机汉字输入法的设计思路,提出了基于混合法的连锁反应故障模式搜索方法。搜索结果表明,采用上述模型可比较不同运行方式下系统连锁反应故障的威胁程度,且模型的求解过程可作为预防单一连锁故障模式的依据,验证了该模型在防止电力系统大停电方面的有效性和可行性。     

全寿命周期成本分析方法在电网黑启动设计规划中的应用

电网一旦崩溃,所造成的后果将是灾难性的,因此,进行电网灾变后的紧急恢复即黑启动非常必要.介绍电网黑启动的定义,应用全寿命周期成本的分析方法(LCC)进行黑启动分析.通过引用LCC在电力系统中的计算模型和计算方法,对2种事故启动电源配置方案进行比较,对多种影响因素进行灵敏度分析,并对LCC项目的风险进行分析,提出LCC在黑启动应用中的意见和建议.     

CPR1000全厂断电事故瞬态特性分析

用RELAP5/MOD3.4程序对CPR1000压水堆一回路系统进行整体建模,分析全厂断电事故下一回路主要参数的瞬态热工水力特性,并将RELAP5模型计算结果与THEMIS程序的计算结果进行对比,二者符合得较好。计算结果表明：该模型可较准确地模拟CPR1000在事故下的热工水力特性。