Gluten-free cakes with walnut flour: a technological,sensory, and microstructural approach

Walnut flour (WF), a by-product of walnut oil production, is characterised by high polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, and fibre contents and presents suitability for bakery products. However, when using non-traditional ingredients, it is essential to evaluate the effect on the quality properties of the final product. So, this work aimed to assess the impact of WF on the technological, physicochemical, and sensory properties of gluten-free (GF) cakes. WF was added at a flour blend (cassava (CS) and maize (MS) starches and rice flour) at 0, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The results showed that WF modified starch gelatinisation, increased amylose–lipid complex (ALC) content, and made crumbs easier to chew. Besides, the total dietary fibre (TDF) and protein content significantly increased. Cakes with 15% WF presented the highest specific volume (SV) and no differences in overall acceptability with respect to control. Hence, WF is a suitable ingredient for gluten-free bakery products.     

Green Measurements for Software Product Based on Sustainability Dimensions

Software is a central component in the modern world and vastly affects the environment’s sustainability. The demand for energy and resource requirements is rising when producing hardware and software units. Literature study reveals that many studies focused on green hardware; however, limited efforts were made in the greenness of software products. Green software products are necessary to solve the issues and problems related to the long-term use of software, especially from a sustainability perspective. Without a proper mechanism for measuring the greenness of a particular software product executed in a specific environment, the mentioned benefits will not be attained. Currently, there are not enough works to address this problem, and the green status of software products is uncertain and unsure. This paper aims to identify the green measurements based on sustainable dimensions in a software product. The second objective is to reveal the relationships between the elements and measurements through empirical study. The study is conducted in two phases. The first phase is the theoretical phase, where the main components, measurements and practices that influence the sustainability of a software product are identified. The second phase is the empirical study that involved 103 respondents in Malaysia investigating current practices of green software in the industrial environment and further identifying the main sustainability dimensions and measurements and their impact on achieving green software products. This study has revealed seven green measurements of software product: Productivity, Usability, Cost Reduction, Employee Support, Energy Efficiency, Resource Efficiency and Tool Support. The relationships are statistically significant, with a significance level of less than 0.01 (p = 0.000). Thus, the hypothesised relationships were all accepted. The contributions of this study revolve around the research perspectives of the measurements to attain a green software product.     

基于宇宙量子算法的微小零件尺寸检测

通过建立主、从式宇宙空间结构改善了量子算法的运行效率,非正交二次B样条小波和最小二乘小波支持向量回归机对零件边缘进行检测,给出了微小零件尺寸检测流程。试验仿真显示该算法对微小零件尺寸测量数据波动范围较小,方差值相比其他方法值较低,其中UQ算法测量的外轮直径测量方差值比HI、MM、AIT、IF、IGR算法分别减少了75.29%,78.40%,64.47%,60.95%,52.15%;UQ算法测量的内轮直径测量方差值比HI、MM、AIT、IF、IGR算法分别减少了72.89%,76.75%,62.66%,59.22%,50.13%,提高了微小零件的精度测量。     

单自由度八杆仿生机构构型与尺度同步设计方法

单自由度八杆仿生机构杆长参数较多，是仿生机器人领域研究的难点之一。为提高设计效率，提出一种构型与尺度同步设计方法。在选定的运动链和机架的基础上，以不等式形式分步给出运动可行性及外形约束条件，使得上一步的杆长可作为下一步求解的已知值。通过该过程，在得到八杆仿生机构构型的同时，快速得到所有杆长的初步可行域。循环上述过程，逐步缩小约束条件的范围，可使得八杆机构的杆长快速接近目标值。在此基础上，分类讨论了连杆搭接顺序、约束条件及基本运动链的差异对求解难度及构型结果的影响。利用所提出的单自由度八杆仿生机构的设计方法，在对初始条件进行合理选取的前提下，可在初步得到构型的同时将杆长限定在较小范围内，实现了构型与尺度的同步设计。该方法还可应用于其他单自由度机构的设计当中，具有较好的借鉴意义。     

金属矿山采空区形状分形特征探索

引入分形理论研究金属矿山采空区形状特征,采用计盒维数方法分别计算了四个不同矿山单个采空区一维边界线、二维区域、三维边界曲面以及三维空间体的分维数,研究探索得知单个采空区形状具有良好的分形特性,进而将单采空区分维值计算方法拓展至采空区群顶板分维值计算,研究证明采空区群顶板三维曲面形状也具有明显的分形特征。分维值是反映采空区复杂程度的定量参数,其为复杂采空区形状特征研究提供了一种新的方法,可供类似研究借鉴。     

煤层注水对原煤孔隙及甲烷吸脱附性能的影响

煤层注水对防突具有显著效果,而煤层孔隙特性是影响瓦斯吸脱附及渗流的重要因素,为了从孔隙角度揭示不同注水压力对原煤体甲烷吸脱附性能的影响。选取首山矿己15-12070工作面进行煤层注水现场实验,使用氮吸附法得出各煤样孔隙特性并用分形理论计算孔隙粗糙度,使用静态容量法测出各煤样吸脱附参数。结果表明:注水后各孔径段孔隙量均有所增加,注水压力与比表面积、孔容及分形维数呈线性正相关关系;孔隙特征参数与甲烷吸脱附性能呈线性正相关关系;各煤样均出现甲烷吸脱附迟滞现象,且注水压力越高,甲烷吸附能力越强,脱附迟滞程度越大。煤层注水压力越大,煤的孔裂隙数量会增多且粗糙度增大,煤体倾向于保留更多的瓦斯。     

致密砂岩分形渗透率模型构建及关键分形参数计算方法

针对现有渗透率分形模型关键参数计算方法与渗透率相关性较差、迂曲度分形维数不能反映三维特征,造成致密砂岩渗透率预测困难的问题,基于致密砂岩孔隙结构分形特征及迂曲毛管束模型,构建了一种致密砂岩渗透率预测模型,提出了分形维数、迂曲度分形维数、特征长度的有效计算方法,并探讨了不同迂曲度计算方法对致密砂岩渗透率预测的影响。研究表明:构建的渗透率模型可以有效预测致密砂岩渗透率,更接近于实测值,计算得到分形维数与岩心渗透率相关性更强;不同迂曲度计算方法得到的致密砂岩迂曲度值差异较大,选取合适的迂曲度计算方法可以提高致密砂岩渗透率预测精度。研究成果可以准确、快速地预测渗透率,对致密砂岩油藏储层评价与有效开发具有重要意义。     

一种军棋机器博弈的多棋子协同博弈方法

针对在军棋博弈不完全信息对弈中，面对棋子不同价值、不同位置、不同搭配所产生的不同棋力，传统的单子意图搜索算法，不能满足棋子之间的协同性与沟通性，同时也缺乏对敌方的引诱与欺骗等高级对抗能力。本文提出一种结合UCT搜索策略的高价值棋子博弈方法，实现高价值棋子协同博弈的策略。实战经验表明:高价值多棋子军棋协同博弈策略优于单棋子军棋博弈策略。     

气井柱塞举液机理CFD模拟及工艺参数优化

目前关于柱塞举液机理的认识不够清晰,这对柱塞高效举液工艺参数及工具结构的进一步优化造成不利影响。为此,采用VOF (Volume of Fluid)流体模拟方法对柱塞举液上行过程中的气液两相流场进行CFD模拟,对柱塞气液流动过程及密封原理进行探讨和分析,并对不同柱塞上行速度及不同紊流槽尺寸下的流场分布进行模拟对比,确定柱塞运行的最佳条件。研究结果表明:柱塞上行过程紊流槽中液体与气流间的相互作用阻碍了气体向柱塞上端的窜流及液体向下的泄漏;气流进入每级紊流槽形成漩涡,使部分动能转化为内能耗散达到密封效果;柱塞上行速度较低时,流场中无漏液,窜气量随上行速度增加而减小;上行速度较高时,紊流槽中全为液相,漏液量随上行速度增大而增加;模拟范围内密封最佳的柱塞运行速度为4. 0~4. 5 m/s;当紊流槽宽度与深度相等时其密封作用最差,当紊流槽宽度为深度的2倍时,液体与气流间的相互作用最强烈,密封效果最佳。研究结果可为柱塞气举工艺制度及参数的优化提供指导。     

黔西北地区龙潭组海陆过渡相泥页岩孔隙分形特征

在黔西北地区海陆过渡相龙潭组页岩低温氮气吸附实验基础上,利用FHH模型研究了其孔隙分形维数,得到其分形维数D_1和D_2,整体数值较大,平均值分别为2.718 6和2.782 4,反映龙潭组泥页岩孔隙非均质较强,结构较为复杂。将分形维数与页岩其他地质参数进行相关性分析,结果表明:分形维数与泥页岩的比表面积、TOC呈正相关关系,与平均孔径、石英含量、石英/黏土呈负相关关系,与镜质体反射率、黏土矿物含量呈"先正后负"的相关关系,拐点分别出现在Ro为2.5%以及黏土矿物含量为50%处。综合研究认为:D_1能够较为综合反映泥页岩孔隙的大小、体积、比表面等特征,可以综合表征泥页岩孔隙的结构特征,数值越大越有利于页岩气富集,而D_2对于孔隙结构复杂程度的表征更为明显,可以专用于研究泥页岩孔隙结构的复杂程度,数值需在一定范围内,不宜过大,并认为黔西北地区龙潭组海陆过渡相泥页岩孔隙分形维数D_1的有利分布范围为大于2.60,而D_2的有利分布范围为2.50~2.80,当D_22.80时需要系统进行可采性评价及压裂开采设计。