Investigation into eddy current pulsed thermography for rolling contact fatigue detection and characterization

This paper reports on the use of eddy current pulsed thermography (ECPT) for detection and characterization of rolling contact fatigue (RCF). Detection mechanisms with eddy currents and heat propagation effects were discussed with RCF modeled as a simple angled defect. Two different angled defects were studied through numerical simulations and experimentally by using uniform magnetic field (UMF) excited by Helmholtz coils. Finally, a rail sample with RCF defects was inspected using UMF excitation. It is shown that ECPT with UMF excitation provides an efficient and robust method to detect angled defects, compared with nonuniform magnetic field (NUMF) excitation.     

真空自耗电弧熔炼过程中搅拌线圈参数对TC17铸锭成分和组织影响的数值模拟与实验验证

采用MeltFlow VAR软件建立了真空自耗电弧熔炼（VAR）过程中温度、电磁、流动和溶质场的耦合模型,通过数值模拟与实验验证的方法研究了搅拌电流和周期对TC17钛合金铸锭成分和组织的影响规律。结果表明,铸锭中心的Cr元素浓度从底部逐渐升高,在铸锭头部100 mm范围内出现激增,与铸锭边缘和1/2半径处表现出不同的趋势。施加搅拌磁场,有利于铸锭心部Cr元素的降低和1/2直径处等轴晶区域宽度的减小。增加搅拌线圈电流或延长搅拌磁场的周期,可以降低铸锭心部Cr元素含量并减小1/2直径处等轴晶区域宽度。这主要是因为搅拌磁场引起的角速度,加剧了熔池内湍流的速度。采用工程化规格的TC17铸锭实物解剖可知,铸锭下部柱状晶生长方向发生扰动的位置与Cr含量上升的位置相对应,均与该位置搅拌磁场的作用相关。数值模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好。     

超导无线电能传输技术

近年来,无线电能传输技术已成为了热点技术。与传统电能传输方式相比,无线电能传输更为方便、安全,并已被应用于多个领域。由于无线电能传输效率取决于发射与接收线圈本身的电阻,线圈电阻越小,传输效率越高。超导体所具有的直流零电阻、交流低损耗的特性,使得超导材料用于无线电能传输具有显著的效率优势。介绍了超导无线电能传输技术的研究现状,中国科学院应用超导重点实验室关于超导无线电能传输方面已经开展和正在进行的研究工作,指出了超导无线电能传输技术潜在的应用前景。     

Physico-chemical concept of drag reduction nature in dilute polymer solutions (the Toms effect)

The physicochemical concept of turbulent drag reduction (the Toms effect) integrates physicochemical characteristics of polymer solutions with hydrodynamic and rheological flow parameters into a generalized equation, where the increment in volumetric flow rate Q_P is a function of the external shear stress τ_w, temperature, volume of macromolecular coils with immobilized solvent V_c and a function of their volume fraction Ψ = C · [η]/(1 + C · [η]). The Q_P depends on the coil intrinsic elasticity [G] = kT/V_c as well. This model allows one: (1) to describe the Toms effect in terms of useful elastic work spent by macromolecular coils with immobilized solvent to overcome the frictional forces (i.e. the forces of intermolecular interactions), (2) to forecast the initial conditions of the Toms effect (τ_* ≈ (RT)/(M · [η])) and (3) to explain the unusual temperature dependence of the polymer solutions flow.     

Bidirectional actuation of ferrofluid using micropatterned planar coils assisted by bias magnetic fields

This paper reports a ferrofluid control method that enables both attraction and repelling of ferrofluid on micropatterned planar coils coupled with permanent magnets. A combinational use of a controlled magnetic field and a bias field is shown to provide lateral forces that attract/repel the ferrofluid to/from the coil depending on the direction of the current passed through the coil. Active mirror devices whose mirrors are switched by ferrofluids are developed as a proof-of-concept of the actuation method toward the application to imaging devices and optical switches. The planar devices lithographically fabricated to have arrays of mirror-coil cells are used to demonstrate activation/deactivation of individual cells enabled by the bidirectional radial motion of the ferrofluid layer with ∼100 μm thickness. The static and dynamic behaviors of the ferrofluid in the devices are characterized through an image processing approach. Multiple mirror cells are selectively and simultaneously operated to show enhanced ferrofluid control uniquely available with the two modes of the actuation as well as to demonstrate pattern generation with the arrays.     

Exploratory Study on Cyclones of Modified Designs

This paper introduces a new design of cyclone, named triple cyclone, created by adding two more cylinders to the conventional cyclone. The performance of the triple cyclone was evaluated systematically together with the previously reported double cyclone. The tests showed that the collection efficiencies of double and triple cyclones were lower than those of the conventional cyclone with the same body diameter and identical gas inlet and outlet size. Of the three designs, the collection efficiency of the triple cyclone was the lowest. Accordingly, the highest pressure drop was observed for the conventional cyclone, and the pressure drop for the triple cyclone was the lowest. These results are probably attributed to the relatively weak vortices formed within triple and double cyclones.     

410S热轧卷直接冷轧工艺探索

通过对410S冶炼成分的合理设计、铸态组织的控制、热轧工艺的探索,获得了优良的热轧边部质量及良好的整卷性能均匀性,为热轧卷直接冷轧后获得高光洁度的表面及良好的深冲加工性能提供了保障.     

全工况仿真平台在电气工程教学中的应用

各类非对称接地故障在中压配电网中是非常普遍的,因此在电气工程教学过程中对于lOkV配电网故障的产生、过程、危害以及防治等进行研究和授课具有十分重要的现实意义。本文使用电力系统仿真工具PSCAD／EMTDC构建了10kV配电网的全工况仿真平台,并建立了并行仿真环境,在此基础上可开展对中性点不同的接地方式、四类不同消弧线圈...     

仿真地磁的磁场模拟装置

基于亥姆霍兹线圈产生均匀磁场的特性, 绕制了三轴亥姆霍兹线圈, 通过改变3组线圈通电电流大小, 分别产生3个正交方向的磁场, 模拟地磁场强度, 为地磁导航系统的半实物仿真实验提供地磁场环境。同时,就地磁导航半实物仿真的需求, 对地磁场模拟生成装置进行了可重复性和线性度验证实验、响应速度测量实验、均匀性验证实验和稳定性验证实验, 并建立了装置的输入输出模型, 验证了装置的各项指标符合实验室需求。     

水内冷发电机定子线棒的停用保养

水内冷发电机定子线棒在停备用期间的腐蚀容易造成定子线棒的堵塞,通过分阶段实施干燥空气吹扫、真空泵除湿、充氮气保养、补充除氧水和混床离子净化等保养措施,有效减轻了停用腐蚀的不利影响,保证发电机的安全运行.