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1.
程丽  柯赛  熊莉  刘凌宇 《中州煤炭》2022,(3):152-157
城市发展与新能源渗透导致电力系统运行难度增大、电网荷源联合调峰控制消耗增加,为此,提出基于灵活性裕度的电网荷源联合调峰节能降耗控制方法,减少污染排放,达到节能降耗目的。以电力系统的上调和下调灵活性裕度指标为基础,以最大抽蓄调峰效益、最大风电消纳电量、降低发电机组能耗为目标,结合气电功率平衡、火电机组、水电站等约束条件,建立荷源联合调峰协调滚动节能降耗控制模型;将模型分为水电、气电、火电3个调度层实施分层求解,实现电网荷源联合调峰节能降耗控制。实验结果表明,该方法通过灵活性资源配置可避免切负荷情况出现,全额消纳风电资源,最大限度地利用电网能源;同时该方法应用后可减少火电开机机组台数,可减少341 t污染物排放,减排率达到4.3%,节能降耗效果显著。  相似文献   
2.
夏敏浩  赵万剑  王骏 《中州煤炭》2022,(7):189-194,200
为了提高配电网差异化节能降耗效果,解决现有潜力评估方法存在的应用性能差的问题,提出碳中和背景下配电网差异化节能降耗潜力优化评估方法。根据配电网的空间结构,构建相应的等值电路模型。在该模型下,从设备损耗和运行附加损耗2个方面计算配电网的损耗量。根据损耗量计算结果,确定配电网差异化碳中和节能降耗方式。从静态和动态2个角度设置潜力评估指标,通过指标数据处理、指标权重求解等步骤,得出配电网差异化节能降耗潜力的综合量化评估结果。将设计潜力评估方法应用到配电网的差异化节能降耗改造工作中,能够有效降低配电网的实际线损量、降低区域损耗费用,并具有较高的应用价值。  相似文献   
3.
《工程爆破》2022,(2):76-78
在较为复杂的环境下,爆破拆除钢筋混凝土氧化铝储槽。该储槽自重大、呈圆形,内有4根立柱支撑下料漏斗。为使储槽顺利定向倒塌,通过爆破方案选择、参数确定,采取梯形切口和预处理以及安全防护和减振措施,使储槽爆破拆除获圆满成功。  相似文献   
4.
分析了静电产生的原因,阐述了粉体含能材料生产中的静电起电现象、静电的危害、静电安全性评估标准以及建立在此标准基础上的静电放电危险的评价办法,提出了粉体含能材料在生产、运输中所需要采取的静电防护措施。  相似文献   
5.
The fuel cell/battery durability and hybrid system stability are major considerations for the power management of fuel cell hybrid electric bus (FCHEB) operating on complicated driving conditions. In this paper, a real time nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) with stability analyze is formulated for power management of FCHEB. Firstly, the mathematical model of hybrid power system is analyzed, which is established for control-oriented design. Furthermore, the NAC-based strategy with quadratic Lyapunov function is set up to guarantee the stability of closed-loop power system, and the power split between fuel cell and battery is controlled with the durability consideration. Finally, two real-time power management strategies, state machine control (SMC) and fuzzy logic control (FLC), are implemented to evaluate the performance of NAC-based strategy, and the simulation results suggest that the guaranteed stability of NAC-based strategy can efficiently prolong fuel cell/battery lifespan and provide better fuel consumption economy for FCHEB.  相似文献   
6.
In this study, some locations with different climates, off-grid zero energy buildings with hydrogen energy storage systems are designed, and transient analysis is conducted. These considered buildings supply their electricity consumption without using the electrical grid and PV panels or wind turbines. Also, they supply thermal comfort to occupants by using a vapor compression chiller and humidifier. Domestic hot water of occupants is supplied using solar collectors. For analyzing building's performance and objectives achievement, TRNSYS software is used. Also, for evaluating occupant thermal comfort, the Fanger model is used. The considered building is a one-story building with a 150 m2 area. Four occupants are considered. Both of them are seated at rest, and another is seated with light working such as typing. Using the Fanger model equation and MATLAB software, the thermal comfort of occupants is determined. For domestic hot water consumption, verified profiles that vary during 24 h of the day are considered. Achieved results show that for humid and cold cities, PV panels with an area of 73 and 76 m2 can be supplied the required electricity of considered building with four occupants and battery state of charge is higher than 50% and 10%, respectively. Moreover, with a suitable air conditioner system, the predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) can be lower than 12% and 8% for humid and cold cities. Therefore, the building can be converted to a zero-energy building using its rooftop area.  相似文献   
7.
TiO2 quantum dots-sensitized Cu2S (Cu2S/TiO2) nanocomposites with varying concentration of TiO2 QDs are synthesized via a facile two-stage hydrothermal-wet impregnation method. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of Cu2S and TiO2with chalcocite and anatase phases, respectively. The observed shoulder-like absorption peaks indicate the UV–visible light-driven properties of the composite. Morphological analysis reveals that the fabricated Cu2S/TiO2 composite consists of Cu2S with a nano rod-like shape (average length and width of ~856 and ~213 nm, respectively) and nanosheets-like structures (average length and width of ~283 and ~289 nm, respectively), whereas the TiO2 is formed as quantum dots with a size range of 8.2 ± 0.4 nm. Chemical state analysis shows the presence of Cu+, S2?, Ni2+, and O2? in the nanocomposite. The H2 evolution rate over the optimized photocatalyst is found to be ~45.6 mmol h?1g?1cat under simulated solar irradiation, which is around 5 and 2.4-fold higher than that of the pristine TiO2 and Cu2S, respectively. Continuous H2 production for 30 h is achieved during time-on-stream experiments, demonstrating the excellent stability and durability of the Cu2S/TiO2 photocatalyst for large-scale applications.  相似文献   
8.
Lithium alanate (LiAlH4) is a material that can be potentially used for solid-state hydrogen storage due to its high hydrogen content (10.5 wt%). Nevertheless, a high desorption temperature, slow desorption kinetic, and irreversibility have restricted the application of LiAlH4 as a solid-state hydrogen storage material. Hence, to lower the decomposition temperature and to boost the dehydrogenation kinetic, in this study, we applied K2NiF6 as an additive to LiAlH4. The addition of K2NiF6 showed an excellent improvement of the LiAlH4 dehydrogenation properties. After adding 10 wt% K2NiF6, the initial decomposition temperature of LiAlH4 within the first two dehydrogenation steps was lowered to 90 °C and 156 °C, respectively, that is 50 °C and 27 °C lower than that of the аs-milled LiAlH4. In terms of dehydrogenation kinetics, the dehydrogenation rate of K2NiF6-doped LiAlH4 sample was significantly higher as compared to аs-milled LiAlH4. The K2NiF6-doped LiAlH4 sample can release 3.07 wt% hydrogen within 90 min, while the milled LiAlH4 merely release 0.19 wt% hydrogen during the same period. According to the Arrhenius plot, the apparent activation energies for the desorption process of K2NiF6-doped LiAlH4 are 75.0 kJ/mol for the first stage and 88.0 kJ/mol for the second stage. These activation energies are lower compared to the undoped LiAlH4. The morphology study showed that the LiAlH4 particles become smaller and less agglomerated when K2NiF6 is added. The in situ formation of new phases of AlNi and LiF during the dehydrogenation process, as well as a reduction in particle size, is believed to be essential contributors in improving the LiAlH4 dehydrogenation characteristics.  相似文献   
9.
In this work, the SnS2 nanoflowers (SnS2 NFs) were solvothermally prepared in the solvent of ethanol, while SnS2 nanoplates (SnS2 NPs) were obtained through the identical conditions except for the solvent of water. The flowers were assembled with numerous nanosheets with very thin thickness, and the NPs exhibited hexagonal shape. When used as the battery-type electrode material for supercapacitors, the SnS2 NFs delivered a specific capacity of as high as 264.4 C g?1 at 1 A g?1, which was higher than the 201.6 C g?1 of SnS2 NPs. Furthermore, a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) was assembled with the SnS2 as positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as negative electrode, respectively. The SnS2 NFs//AC HSC exhibited a high energy density of 28.1 Wh kg?1 at 904.3 W kg?1, which was higher than the 24.2 Wh kg?1 at 844.3 W kg?1 of SnS2 NPs//AC HSC. Especially, when the power density was enhanced to the highest value of 8666.8 W kg?1, the NFs-based device could still hold 20.4 Wh kg?1. In addition, both HSC devices showed an excellent cycling stability after 5000 cycles at 5 A g?1. The present method is simple and can be extended to the preparation of other transition metal sulfides (TMSs)-based electrode materials with brilliant electrochemical performance for supercapacitors.  相似文献   
10.
The H2 storage properties of isoreticular metal-organic framework materials (IRMOFs), MOF-5 and IRMOF-10, impregnated with different numbers and types of heterogeneous C48B12 molecules were investigated using density functional theory and grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) calculations. The excess hydrogen adsorption isotherms of IRMOFs at 77 K within 20 bar indicate that suitable number and type of C48B12 molecules play a crucial role in improving the H2 storage properties of IRMOFs. Among the studied pure and nC48B12 (n = 1, 2, 4, 8) in Ci symmetry impregnating into MOF-5, at 77 K under 6 bar, MOF-5-4C48B12 with a 3.5 wt% and 29.9 g/L hydrogen storage density, and at 77 K under 12 bar, the pure MOF-5 with a 4.9 wt% and 31.0 g/L hydrogen storage density has the best hydrogen storage properties. Whereas, among the studied pure and nC48B12 (n = 1, 2, 4, 8) in S6 symmetry impregnating into IRMOF-10, IRMOF-10-8C48B12 always shows the best hydrogen storage properties among the pure and C48B12-impregnated IRMOF-10 at 77 K within 20 bar. IRMOF-10-8C48B12 has a 6.0 wt% and 34.6 g/L hydrogen storage density at 77 K under 6 bar, and has a 7.1 wt% and 41.4 g/L hydrogen storage density at 77 K under 12 bar. The confinement effect of IRMOFs on C48B12 molecules, and steric hindrance effect of C48B12 molecules on IRMOFs mainly affects the H2 uptake capacity by comparing the absolute H2 molecules in individual IRMOFs units, C48B12 molecules, and IRMOFs-nC48B12 compounds. The absolute hydrogen adsorption profiles show that eight C48B12 molecules impregnating into MOF-5 can exert obvious steric effects for H2 adsorption. The saturated gravimetric and volumetric H2 densities of IRMOF-10-8C48B12 higher than those of MOF-5-8C48B12 due to with larger free volume.  相似文献   
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