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1.
干热河谷库区消落带生态修复关键技术难点在于当消落带植被受到长时间淹水与干旱交替双重胁迫时,如何遴选生态修复两栖植物。通过对乌东德库区消落带生态修复试验段淹没前植被调查、溪洛渡库区和三峡库区典型库岸消落带现存植物种群调查以及查阅三峡库区消落带植被自然演替和植被修复相关文献,结合乌东德水电站水位调度节律和库区干热河谷气候条件,对乌东德库区消落带植被自然演替趋势进行了分析。按照自然修复与人工修复相结合、乡土植物与外来植物相结合的消落带生态修复理念,遴选出乌东德库区消落带生态修复试验植物,提出了在试验段沿海拔高程的植物梯度配置模式:消落带中下部配置以狗牙根、香附子、扁穗牛鞭草等为主的多年生草本植物和以苘麻、狗尾草、马唐等为主的一年生草本植物;消落带上部配置以中山杉、水桦、桑树、秋华柳、银合欢等为主的乔、灌木以及草本植物。  相似文献   
2.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(8):10613-10619
Alumina ceramics with different unit numbers and gradient modes were prepared by digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology. The side length of each functional gradient structure was 10 mm, the porosity ratio was controlled to 70%, and the number of units were (1 × 1 × 1 unit) and (2 × 2 × 2 unit) respectively. The different gradient modes were named FCC, GFCC-1, GFCC-2 and GFCC-3. SEM, XRD, and other characterization methods proved that these gradient structures of alumina ceramics had only α-Al2O3 phase and good surface morphology. The mechanical properties and energy absorption properties of alumina ceramics with different functional gradient structures were studied by compression test. The results show that the gradient structure with 1 × 1 × 1 unit has better mechanical properties and energy absorption properties when the number of units is different. When the number of units is the same, GFCC-2 and GFCC-3 gradient structures have better compressive performance and energy absorption potential than FCC structures. The GFCC-2 gradient structure with 1 × 1 × 1 unit has a maximum compressive strength of 19.62 MPa and a maximum energy absorption value of 2.72 × 105 J/m3. The good performance of such functional gradient structures can provide new ideas for the design of lightweight and compressive energy absorption structures in the future.  相似文献   
3.
Geogrids embedded in fill materials are checked against pullout failure through standard pullout testing methodology. The test determines the pullout interaction coefficient which is critical in fixing the embedment length of geogrids in mechanically stabilized earth walls. This paper proposes prediction of pullout interaction coefficient using data driven machine learning regression algorithms. The study primarily focusses on using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) method for prediction. A data set containing 220 test results from the literature has been used for training and testing. Predicted results of XGBoost have been compared with the results of random forest (RF) ensemble learning based algorithm. The predictions of XGBoost model indicates 85% accuracy and that of RF model shows 77% accuracy, indicating significantly superior and robust prediction through XGBoost above RF model. The importance analysis indicates that normal stress is the most significant factor that influences the pullout interaction coefficients. Subsequently pullout tests have been performed on geogrid embedded in four different fill materials at three normal stresses. The proposed XGBoost model gives 90% accuracy in prediction of pullout interaction coefficient compared to laboratory test results. Finally, an open-source graphical user interface based on the XGBoost model has been created for preliminary estimation of the pullout interaction coefficient of geogrid at different test conditions.  相似文献   
4.
Variability of phytoplankton in the Caspian Sea (CS) is related to the complex orography, the variety of physical and chemical processes, and climatic indices. Here, interannual and intra-annual variability of satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a) were studied using wavelet analysis during 2002–2019 in different regions of the CS. Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) analysis performed to classify the CS into the areas of similar variability of satellite-derived Chl-a. Wavelet spectral analysis showed that the Chl-a variability regulated by four primary periodic cycles: 0.5-year, 1-year, 2 to 2.5-year, and 3 to 5-year. The 0.5 and 1-year wavelet cycles mostly depicted the intensity of seasonality patterns. The 2–2.5-year and 3–5-year cycles of Chl-a showed non-stationary coherence with corresponding low-frequency cycles of NAO and ENSO. The 3–5-year wavelet amplitudes of Chl-a strongly correlated with NAO and ENSO in the southern CS. Weak correlations of 2–2.5-year cycle wavelet amplitudes of Chl-a with NAO and ENSO suggested that variations do not always directly translate to a biological response. A negative anomaly in the Chl-a autumn peaks observed during 2011–2016 in the middle and southern CS, when NAO phases were persistently positive. The interannual variations of summer peaks in the northern CS, and autumn peaks in the middle and southern CS were broadly related to the precipitation. SST and wind stress. Moreover, it was shown that the Volga discharge has a significant influence on Chl-a variability in the northern CS.  相似文献   
5.
为了获得C HRA 5钢轧制生产的最佳工艺参数,采用Gleeble 3800热力模拟试验机对C HRA 5钢进行了双道次热压缩实验。实验在变形温度范围为900~1100℃,应变速率范围为001~1s-1,道次间隙时间分别为1、5、15、30s的条件下获得C-HRA -5钢的真应力 应变曲线。采用0.2%补偿法计算得到了软化分数,且软化分数随变形温度的升高和应变速率的增大而增加。通过线性回归分析得到了MDRX的动力学方程。建立的C-HRA-5钢热加工图表明材料在1000~1100℃的范围内变形稳定。此外,道次间隙时间为5s时,C-HRA-5钢在较低温度下进行第2道次压缩的过程中不会出现失稳。  相似文献   
6.
为了建立合理准确的川南五峰组—龙马溪组页岩TOC含量预测方法,以长宁、泸州等地区的测井曲线及17口井实测TOC含量数据为基础,利用主成分分析法对这些资料进行预处理,基于BP神经网络和梯度提升决策树(GBDT)方法建立2种TOC含量预测模型,并将之与传统TOC含量预测方法进行对比。结果表明: ① 2种新模型的准确度均高于传统方法,预测结果与实际值吻合度均满足要求。②与BP神经网络模型相比,GBDT预测精度更高,均方根误差仅为0.0387。利用GBDT方法所建立的TOC含量预测模型具有低成本、高效、连续等特点,能够快速准确地预测目的层TOC含量。该成果可为提高页岩油气勘探开发效率提供有效技术支撑。  相似文献   
7.
为了得到快速、稳定的反演结果和清晰的地质界面,在前人研究的基础上,提出一种新的反演目标泛函。采用最光滑模型和最小支撑梯度模型泛函同时对数据目标泛函进行约束,利用高斯牛顿法进行求解,实现了二维大地电磁数据的光滑聚焦反演。光滑聚焦反演既可以得到清晰的地质界面,又可在一定程度上避免聚焦反演可能产生的构造形态畸变。在进行反演迭代的过程中,采用Nelder-Mead优化算法优化Morozov偏差原理选取合适的正则化因子的优化策略,很大程度上加快了反演收敛的速度。最后,结合典型的模型和实测数据对反演方法进行了验证,同时与不同反演策略进行对比分析。反演结果表明,对于典型模型,光滑聚焦反演结果与模型吻合更好,收敛曲线下降速度更快,地质体分界面也更加清晰;实测数据反演结果进一步验证了该算法的有效性和可靠性。  相似文献   
8.
梯度分层铝合金蜂窝板是一种有效的吸能结构,本工作在梯度铝蜂窝结构的基础上根据梯度率的概念,通过改变蜂窝芯层的胞壁长度,设计了4种质量相同、梯度率不同的铝蜂窝夹芯结构。通过准静态压缩实验,并结合非线性有限元模拟准静态及冲击态下梯度铝蜂窝夹芯结构的变形情况及其力学性能,分析对比了相同质量下梯度铝蜂窝夹芯结构在准静态下的变形模式以及冲击载荷下分层均质蜂窝结构和不同梯度率的分层梯度蜂窝结构的动态响应和能量吸收特性。结果表明:在准静态压缩过程中,铝蜂窝梯度夹芯板的变形具有明显的局部化特征,蜂窝芯的变形为低密度优先变形直至密实,层级之间的密实化应变差随芯层密度的增大而逐渐减小;在高速冲击下,梯度蜂窝板并非严格按照准静态过程中逐级变形直至密实,而是在锤头冲击惯性及芯层密度的相互作用下整体发生的线弹性变形、弹性屈曲、塑性坍塌及密实化;另外,在本工作所设计的梯度率中,当梯度率为γ1=0.0276时,梯度蜂窝夹芯板的吸能性达到最好,相较于同等质量下的均质蜂窝夹芯板,能量吸收提高了10.63%。  相似文献   
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(9):11962-11970
The reaction between sulfur and iron under high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) was studied. Sulfur–iron reaction models under different pressure levels were constructed. The morphology and formation mechanism of the reactants were comprehensively analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy–line scanning, metallographic microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicated that the pressure of the reaction could significantly affect the diffusion behavior of sulfur and iron during the reaction. With an increase in pressure, the diffusion of iron in the system was inhibited, whereas that of sulfur was enhanced. The pressure distribution gradient at the reaction interface was simulated by finite element calculation. The effect of pressure gradient as the driving force of the reaction on the diffusion behavior of elements was evaluated by thermodynamics combined with experimental results. Based on the experimental results, finite element simulation, and formula derivation, a new standpoint was proposed: the diffusion of substances in the HPHT system was affected by the pressure gradient at the interface.  相似文献   
10.
考虑罐式批次成品汽油调和过程中罐底余油对产品质量指标的影响,本文提出了一种基于改进多核模糊C均值(multi-kernel fuzzy C-means,MKFCM)与极端梯度提升树(extreme gradient boosting,XGBoost)集成的成品汽油调和的通用配方建模方法。该方法首先考虑各调和组分的差异性,提出一种自适应核参数计算方法对MKFCM改进,并将其用于罐底油聚类分析,旨在最大程度划分出性质相近的罐底油批次类型;在此基础上择优选用XGBoost算法,以各批次罐底余油的组分比例和产品预期质量指标作为输入,建立各批次子配方模型;在配方生成时,基于改进MKFCM求得当前罐底余油的隶属度向量,并以此为权值对子配方模型进行加权融合,最终以多模型集成的方式得到了成品汽油调和的通用配方。经使用某企业实际工业数据进行实验分析,结果表明,较单一模型或未改进MKFCM的集成模型,基于改进MKFCM-XGBoost的多模型集成配方,预测精度和泛化能力均更优,更适合罐式批次成品汽油调和过程。  相似文献   
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