全文获取类型
收费全文 | 19685篇 |
免费 | 3905篇 |
国内免费 | 2155篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 2345篇 |
综合类 | 2462篇 |
化学工业 | 2653篇 |
金属工艺 | 726篇 |
机械仪表 | 1177篇 |
建筑科学 | 1089篇 |
矿业工程 | 671篇 |
能源动力 | 787篇 |
轻工业 | 1667篇 |
水利工程 | 877篇 |
石油天然气 | 661篇 |
武器工业 | 313篇 |
无线电 | 1883篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1842篇 |
冶金工业 | 491篇 |
原子能技术 | 125篇 |
自动化技术 | 5976篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 100篇 |
2023年 | 521篇 |
2022年 | 969篇 |
2021年 | 1005篇 |
2020年 | 1050篇 |
2019年 | 866篇 |
2018年 | 798篇 |
2017年 | 857篇 |
2016年 | 904篇 |
2015年 | 1019篇 |
2014年 | 1439篇 |
2013年 | 1355篇 |
2012年 | 1744篇 |
2011年 | 1709篇 |
2010年 | 1297篇 |
2009年 | 1289篇 |
2008年 | 1181篇 |
2007年 | 1344篇 |
2006年 | 1139篇 |
2005年 | 932篇 |
2004年 | 740篇 |
2003年 | 627篇 |
2002年 | 451篇 |
2001年 | 417篇 |
2000年 | 333篇 |
1999年 | 281篇 |
1998年 | 229篇 |
1997年 | 181篇 |
1996年 | 147篇 |
1995年 | 132篇 |
1994年 | 127篇 |
1993年 | 99篇 |
1992年 | 78篇 |
1991年 | 84篇 |
1990年 | 57篇 |
1989年 | 35篇 |
1988年 | 30篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 21篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 25篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1964年 | 3篇 |
1951年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
《中国有色金属学会会刊》2021,31(10):3063-3074
The transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of CoCuFeMnNi high entropy alloy (HEA) was studied. The TLP bonding was performed using AWS BNi-2 interlayer at 1050 °C with the TLP bonding time of 20, 60, 180 and 240 min. The effect of bonding time on the joint microstructure was characterized by SEM and EDS. Microstructural results confirmed that complete isothermal solidification occurred approximately at 240 min of bonding time. For samples bonded at 20, 60 and 180 min, athermal solidification zone was formed in the bonding area which included Cr-rich boride and Mn3Si intermetallic compound. For all samples, the γ solid solution was formed in the isothermal solidification zone of the bonding zone. To evaluate the effect of TLP bonding time on mechanical properties of joints, the shear strength and micro-hardness of joints were measured. The results indicated a decrement of micro-hardness in the bonding zone and an increment of micro-hardness in the adjacent zone of joints. The minimum and maximum values of shear strength were 100 and 180 MPa for joints with the bonding time of 20 and 240 min, respectively. 相似文献
2.
3.
Gheorghita Menghiu Vasile Ostafe Radivoje Prodanovi Rainer Fischer Raluca Ostafe 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Chitinases catalyze the degradation of chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine found in crustacean shells, insect cuticles, and fungal cell walls. There is great interest in the development of improved chitinases to address the environmental burden of chitin waste from the food processing industry as well as the potential medical, agricultural, and industrial uses of partially deacetylated chitin (chitosan) and its products (chito-oligosaccharides). The depolymerization of chitin can be achieved using chemical and physical treatments, but an enzymatic process would be more environmentally friendly and more sustainable. However, chitinases are slow-acting enzymes, limiting their biotechnological exploitation, although this can be overcome by molecular evolution approaches to enhance the features required for specific applications. The two main goals of this study were the development of a high-throughput screening system for chitinase activity (which could be extrapolated to other hydrolytic enzymes), and the deployment of this new method to select improved chitinase variants. We therefore cloned and expressed the Bacillus licheniformis DSM8785 chitinase A (chiA) gene in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and generated a mutant library by error-prone PCR. We then developed a screening method based on fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) using the model substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl β-d-N,N′,N″-triacetyl chitotrioside to identify improved enzymes. We prevented cross-talk between emulsion compartments caused by the hydrophobicity of 4-methylumbelliferone, the fluorescent product of the enzymatic reaction, by incorporating cyclodextrins into the aqueous phases. We also addressed the toxicity of long-term chiA expression in E. coli by limiting the reaction time. We identified 12 mutants containing 2–8 mutations per gene resulting in up to twofold higher activity than wild-type ChiA. 相似文献
4.
The mechanical properties of complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) depend on their formed phases and corresponding microstructures.The data-driven prediction of the phase formation and associated mechanical properties is essential to discovering novel CCAs.The present work collects 557 samples of various chemical compositions,comprising 61 amorphous,167 single-phase crystalline,and 329 multi-phases crystalline CCAs.Three classification models are developed with high accuracies to category and understand the formed phases of CCAs.Also,two regression models are constructed to predict the hard-ness and ultimate tensile strength of CCAs,and the correlation coefficient of the random forest regression model is greater than 0.9 for both of two targeted properties.Furthermore,the Shapley additive expla-nation (SHAP) values are calculated,and accordingly four most important features are identified.A significant finding in the SHAP values is that there exists a critical value in each of the top four fea-tures,which provides an easy and fast assessment in the design of improved mechanical properties of CCAs.The present work demonstrates the great potential of machine learning in the design of advanced CCAs. 相似文献
5.
6.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(13):6290-6301
In this study, monolithic B4C and B4C-based ceramics incorporating FeNiCoCrMo dual-phase (FCC and BCC) high entropy alloys (HEAs) were produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The effect of additives on the densification behavior, mechanical properties, microstructures, and phase evaluation of the samples were investigated. X-ray analysis confirmed the existence of FCC structured HEA and depletion of BCC structured HEA, after high-temperature reaction between B4C-HEAs. The addition of HEAs enhanced the densification behavior by liquid phase sintering. Furthermore, hardness and fracture toughness values of the samples increased with increasing HEAs content. Fracture toughness and hardness values for all composites were higher than the monolithic B4C. A combination of the highest density (∼99.22 %) and the best mechanical properties (32.3 GPa hardness and 4.53 MPa m1/2 fracture toughness) was achieved with 2.00 vol.% HEA addition. 相似文献
7.
This article addresses an investigation of the entropy analysis of Williamson nanofluid flow in the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms by considering variable viscosity and thermal conductivity over a convectively heated bidirectionally stretchable surface. Heat and mass transfer phenomena have been incorporated by taking into account the thermal radiation, heat source or sink, viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, and thermophoretic effects. The representing equations are nonlinear coupled partial differential equations and these equations are shaped into a set of ordinary differential equations via a suitable similarity transformation. The arising set of ordinary differential equations was then worked out by adopting a well-known scheme, namely the shooting method along with the Runge-Kutta-Felberge integration technique. The effects of flow and heat transfer controlling parameters on the solution variables are depicted and analyzed through the graphical presentation. The survey finds that magnifying viscosity parameter, Weissenberg number representing the non-Newtonian Williamson parameter cause to retard the velocity field in both the directions and thermal conductivity parameter causes to reduce fluid temperature. The study also recognizes that enhancing magnetic parameters and thermal conductivity parameters slow down the heat transfer rate. The entropy production of the system is estimated through the Bejan number. It is noticeable that the Bejan number is eminently dependent on the heat generation parameter, thermal radiation parameter, viscosity parameter, thermal conductivity parameter, and Biot number. The skillful accomplishment of the present heat and mass transfer system is achieved through the exteriorized choice of the pertinent parameters. 相似文献
8.
The deterministic and probabilistic prediction of ship motion is important for safe navigation and stable real-time operational control of ships at sea. However, the volatility and randomness of ship motion, the non-adaptive nature of single predictors and the poor coverage of quantile regression pose serious challenges to uncertainty prediction, making research in this field limited. In this paper, a multi-predictor integration model based on hybrid data preprocessing, reinforcement learning and improved quantile regression neural network (QRNN) is proposed to explore the deterministic and probabilistic prediction of ship pitch motion. To validate the performance of the proposed multi-predictor integrated prediction model, an experimental study is conducted with three sets of actual ship longitudinal motions during sea trials in the South China Sea. The experimental results indicate that the root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the proposed model of deterministic prediction are 0.0254°, 0.0359°, and 0.0188°, respectively. Taking series #2 as an example, the prediction interval coverage probabilities (PICPs) of the proposed model of probability predictions at 90%, 95%, and 99% confidence levels (CLs) are 0.9400, 0.9800, and 1.0000, respectively. This study signifies that the proposed model can provide trusted deterministic predictions and can effectively quantify the uncertainty of ship pitch motion, which has the potential to provide practical support for ship early warning systems. 相似文献
9.
Ruifang Liu Jian Hou Huifang Li Ping Xu Zhengbin Zhang Xueyong Zhang 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
Tillering is a crucial agronomic trait of wheat; it determines yield and plant architecture. Strigolactones (SLs) have been reported to inhibit plant branching. D14, a receptor of SLs, has been described to affect tillering in rice, yet it has seldomly been studied in wheat. In this study, three TaD14 homoeologous genes, TaD14-4A, TaD14-4B, and TaD14-4D, were identified. TaD14-4A, TaD14-4B, and TaD14-4D were constitutively expressed, and TaD14-4D had a higher expression level in most tissues. TaD14 proteins were localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus. An SNP and a 22 bp insertion/deletion (Indel) at the exon regions of TaD14-4D were detected, forming three haplotypes, namely 4D-HapI, 4D-HapII, and 4D-HapIII. Due to the frameshift mutation in the coding region of 4D-HapII, the interaction of 4D-HapII with TaMAX2 and TaD53 was blocked, which led to the blocking of SL signal transduction. Based on the two variation sites, two molecular markers, namely dCAPS-250 and Indel-747, were developed. Association analysis suggested that haplotypes of TaD14-4D were associated with effective tillering number (ETN) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) simultaneously in four environments. The favorable haplotype 4D-HapIII underwent positive selection in global wheat breeding. This study provides insights into understanding the function of natural variations of TaD14-4D and develops two useful molecular markers for wheat breeding. 相似文献
10.
将幸福河概念与长江三角洲区域一体化发展战略相结合,基于自然、人类社会、人水关系3个系统构建了包含24个指标的长三角幸福河层次评价指标体系;引入需求层次理论,以基础Ⅰ层次、基础Ⅱ层次、提升Ⅰ层次、提升Ⅱ层次、幸福层次5个层次作为幸福河的层次评价等级,运用熵权物元模型,建立了长三角幸福河层次评价模型,并对2018年长三角三省一市幸福河层次等级进行了评价。结果表明,三省一市均处于转化中的中间状态,其中江苏省向提升Ⅰ层次转化,浙江省、安徽省向提升Ⅱ层次转化,上海市向幸福层次转化,说明区域整体幸福河层次处于较高水平,但稳定性较差。 相似文献