浅析混凝土搅拌站的防雷

近年来,我市因雷击而导致搅拌站系统瘫痪停产、影响工程进度的事件时有发生,在针对混凝土搅拌站配料秤的实际检定工作中,也常发现配料秤的称重传感器因雷击损坏而影响计量准确性。因此,对混凝土搅拌站防雷的研究具有重要意义。本文阐述了雷电对混凝土搅拌站的主要危害,分析了混凝土搅拌站常见的雷击原因及其防护措施,旨在引起生产方、安装方以及使用方对混凝土搅拌站防雷的共同重视。     

准噶尔盆地南缘构造特征与演化

为明确准噶尔盆地南缘构造特征,落实中—深层构造圈闭,寻找大型油气田,通过构建二维构造剖面,开展构造变形定量分析,建立了复杂构造模型,厘定了构造活动时间和变形机制。研究表明,南缘经历晚侏罗世和中新世2期变形,晚侏罗世发育走滑断层,形成高泉断隆带、艾卡构造带和齐古—南安集海走滑断裂带,属于准噶尔盆地周缘中生代走滑断裂体系。中新世发育逆冲推覆构造,南缘西段新生代背斜叠加在高泉断隆带、艾卡构造带之上,高探 1 井钻探证实古构造上覆发育的背斜构造是有利的勘探目标。南缘中段发育3排逆冲断层和叠加褶皱,中、下组合是油气勘探重要目标。南缘新生代逆冲推覆构造由南向北扩展,齐古断褶带和盆地深层褶皱形成于中新世初期（23 Ma）,霍玛吐断层发生在中新世末期（7 Ma）,呼图壁背斜和卡因迪克背斜形成于第四纪。     

雷电通道水平电场影响因素分析

影响雷电通道产生的水平电场因素众多,分析其影响因素对电力系统的雷电防护具有重要意义。文中利用运动电荷电磁场方程求解得到闪电回击通道的水平电场和方位磁场,并结合C-R 算法,得到了有限电导率地面上方的水平电场。依据运动电荷电磁场方程的特征分析了不同回击速度、不同距离、不同电导率对雷击产生的水平电场的影响。得出以下结论:水平电场随回击速度增大而减小;水平电场波形呈双极性特征且水平距离越大或电导率越小负向偏移越明显。这些研究结论为输电线路雷电过电压计算打下良好的基础。与其他方法相比,本文方法可以避免远距离电磁场计算中的震荡问题和积分方程的奇异问题。     

Frequency of Upward Lightning Hits to Wind Turbines in Winter

In recent years, frequent damage to wind turbines by winter lightning has been reported in the region along the Sea of Japan. It is a serious finding that lightning hits concentrate on wind turbines in this region. The authors investigated the increase rate of the frequency of lightning hits on wind turbines due to wind turbine construction by using LLS (lightning location system) data. As a result, an experimental formula to estimate the increase rate of the frequency of lightning hits on wind turbines as a function of parameters related to the construction conditions, namely the height of wind turbines, the height above sea level, and the latitude, is proposed.     

金寨地区10 kV配网防雷改造措施分析

以金寨地区10kV配网为研究对象,使用EMTP软件建立金寨地区典型配网线路模型,分析了金寨地区落雷情况和线路耐雷水平对雷击跳闸的影响,以及地闪特征与雷击跳闸次数的相关性。研究表明,金寨地区线路雷击跳闸次数与落雷情况具有强相关性,近3年线路跳闸次数提高主要是由于金寨地区地闪密度及地闪强度提高。基于金寨地区地闪时空分布特性,提出10kV配网线路防雷改造措施,并分析了线路防雷改造后与10kV开关站的绝缘配合问题。     

无人机天线在雷电效应中的响应研究及性能检测

机载天线安装在无人机表面,容易成为雷电附着点,对无人机的飞行安全会产生严重威胁。 为开展相关设计,并验证设 计的有效性,针对 UHF 机载天线为研究对象,设计了片段式导流条和端口射频雷电抑制器的防护方案。 先后进行了初始先导 附着试验、外部部件瞬态感应试验、电性能测试和系统评估计算。 试验结果表明,天线损伤程度降低,片段式导流条对天线的电 性能影响不超过 0. 3 dB,射频雷电抑制器不影响驻波比、增益。 最终链路余量满足大于 3 dB 的要求,证明了设计的有效性。     

被保护层工作面瓦斯来源分析及治理技术

为研究被保护层高瓦斯工作面瓦斯来源，综合运用分源预测、统计、碳同位素分析等方法，首次发现了被保护层工作面上覆围岩一次破坏形成的裂隙中残存有大量游离瓦斯。在朱集东煤矿被保护层1111（3）工作面进行工程实践，优化了“顶板走向钻孔+边孔”系统布置，改进了护孔套管连接方式，“管到底”率达到95%，单孔瓦斯抽采量增加3.5倍左右，工作面瓦斯抽采率达到88%，回风瓦斯浓度控制在0.36%以下，平均0.12%，平均日产量8 300 t，实现了安全高产高效。     

Novel dynamic semiempirical proton exchange membrane fuel cell model incorporating component voltages

This paper introduces a novel dynamic semiempirical model for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The proposed model not only considers the stack output voltage but also provides valid waveforms of component voltages, such as the no‐load, activation, ohmic, and concentration voltages of the PEMFC stack system. Experiments under no‐load, ramping load, and dynamic load conditions are performed to obtain various voltage components. According to experimental results, model parameters are optimised using the lightning search algorithm by providing valid theoretical ranges of parameters to the lightning search algorithm code. In addition, the correlation between the vapour and water pressures of the PEMFC is obtained to model the component voltages. Finally, all component voltages and the stack output voltage are validated by using the experimental/theoretical waveforms mentioned in previous research. The proposed model is also compared with a recently developed semiempirical model of PEMFC through particle swarm optimisation. The proposed dynamic model may be used in future in‐depth studies on PEMFC behaviour and in dynamic applications for health monitoring and fault diagnosis.     

Gait event detection algorithm based on smart insoles

Gait analysis is an effective clinical tool across a wide range of applications. Recently, inertial measurement units have been extensively utilized for gait analysis. Effective gait analyses require good estimates of heel‐strike and toe‐off events. Previous studies have focused on the effective device position and type of triaxis direction to detect gait events. This study proposes an effective heel‐strike and toe‐off detection algorithm using a smart insole with inertial measurement units. This method detects heel‐strike and toe‐off events through a time‐frequency analysis by limiting the range. To assess its performance, gait data for seven healthy male subjects during walking and running were acquired. The proposed heel‐strike and toe‐off detection algorithm yielded the largest error of 0.03 seconds for running toe‐off events, and an average of 0–0.01 seconds for other gait tests. Novel gait analyses could be conducted without suffering from space limitations because gait parameters such as the cadence, stance phase time, swing phase time, single‐support time, and double‐support time can all be estimated using the proposed heel‐strike and toe‐off detection algorithm.