一种新型回路电阻测试仪的研究与设计

针对传统低压回路电阻测试仪只能在被测设备停电时使用的一大限制,本文提出并设计了一种新型低压回路电阻测试仪。该仪器可在低压设备运行状态下对其回路电阻进行测量,在保证测量精度的前提下减少了设备停电率,大大提高了工作效率。     

A voltage support control strategy based on three-port flexible multi-state switch in distribution networks

Voltage sags in power system may lead to serious problems such as the off-grid of distributed generation and electrical equipment failures. As a novel type of power electronic equipment, a flexible multi-state switch (FMSS) is capable to support the voltage during the grid faults. In this paper, a voltage control strategy to support the voltage in a distribution network is proposed by introducing three-port FMSS. The positive–negative-sequence compensation (PNSC) scheme is adopted to control the active and reactive current. This control scheme eliminates active power oscillations at the port of voltage sags and reduces coupling oscillations of other ports. Based on the characteristics of the voltage support under PNSC scheme, two voltage support strategies are proposed. A proportional-integral controller is introduced to provide the reactive power references, which eliminates the errors when estimating the grid voltage and impedance. A current limiting scheme is adopted to keep the port current in a safe range by adjusting the active and reactive power references. The voltage support strategies in two different voltage sags are simulated, and results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategies.     

Multiple models decentralized coordinated control of doubly fed induction generator

In this paper, a multiple model optimal tracking control (MOTC) design method for the double fed induction generator (DFIG) using correlative measured technique is proposed. The DFIG is represented by a third-order model, where electro-magnetic transients of stator are neglected. By using the correlative measured technique, the correlative measured matrix (CMM) of wind power system is obtained firstly. Then, a nonstandard state space equation of DFIG is obtained with the correlative measured vectors (CMVs), which reflect interactions between the DFIGs and grid. In order to cope with nonlinearities and continuous variation in the operating points, a multiple model design method is proposed in the discrete domain. The obtained control law, synthesized by using Bayesian probability, only depends on the local measured parameters. Hence, the MOTC can be regarded as a decentralized coordinated control, which can simplify the control structure and improve the transient stability of DFIG. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed MOTC strategy, simulations on a hybrid wind thermal power (HWTP) system are performed. The results show that the proposed MOTC strategy can provide acceptable performance throughout the whole operating region. Comparing to the conventional PID control, transient stability, damping, and fault ride-through capability of DFIG with the proposed MOTC design method have been improved effectively.     

低压供电系统中SPD的失效模式及失效原因

从SPD的应用环境、主要组成器件特性等方面,对SPD的失效模式、失效原因进行了分析。认为:氧化锌压敏电阻的失效模式可分为压敏电压降低,压敏电阻短路,压敏电阻限制电压升高,在大冲击电流下压敏电阻炸裂、开路等。以氧化锌压敏电阻压敏电压相对于初始值下降10%作为劣化失效的判据,其长期荷电寿命符合阿仑尼斯(Arrhenius)反应速率模型,即Lm=exp(R/T-C),与温度,荷电率成反比。低压系统中产生的暂时过电压、操作过电压、供电系统电网质量差引起的长期电压波动以及低压供电系统中频频出现的雷击是导致SPD失效的外部原因。氧化锌压敏电阻的脉冲寿命、长期荷电寿命和气体放电管的工频续流遮断能力设计不足是导致SPD失效的内在原因。     

低压配电系统中漏电火灾的危险性及其防范

针对低压配电系统电气线路漏电问题发生的原因进行了分析，阐述了漏电引发火灾事故的几方面因素，提出了防止漏电火灾的技术防范措施。     

基于MPPMSG的混合高压直流风电系统故障穿越技术

为解决传统风电系统变换级数多的问题,文中提出了一种基于多相永磁同步电机(MPPMSG)的混合高压直流风电系统拓扑。电机多套绕组分别连接单极性变流器并在直流侧串联形成高压直接接入直流母线,一套绕组向电机注入无功功率以改善电机调速和稳态性能。岸上变电站采用电网换相换流器,直流母线短路时可阻断短路电流。为解决多绕组耦合问题,MPPMSG采用了反馈解耦的控制策略。根据发电机短路特性分析,提出了直流母线短路时限制电机短路电流以及直流故障穿越的控制策略。最后,利用PSCAD/EMTDC搭建风电系统开关电路仿真模型,验证了所提控制策略的有效性。     

基于数据驱动的低压配电网线户关系识别方法

低压配电网的线户关系自动识别是智能低压配电网实现的基础。通过分析低压配电网中负荷节点电压所呈现的空间、时间以及时空特性,依托"互联网+"智慧能源发展带来的海量电网运行数据,提出了基于数据驱动的低压配电网线户关系识别方法。通过建立基于基尔霍夫电流定律的优化模型,并将其转化为二次规划问题求解,实现低压配电网线户关系识别。同时为了提高求解效率并解决空房用户的识别问题,提出了一种基于电压时空特性的电能表聚类方法。73用户算例系统和多个试点台区应用效果验证了所提方法的有效性,并分析了电能表计量误差、数据长度对识别结果的影响。     

考虑风机动态特性的大扰动暂态过电压机理分析

在大容量直流和高占比新能源集中接入的电网背景下,暂态过电压问题极大地制约了直流输电能力和风电并网容量,亟须进一步深入研究考虑风机动态特性的大扰动暂态过电压机理及影响因素。文中从理论推导和仿真分析2个方面开展研究,首先推导了交直流故障后换流站和风机侧暂态电压幅值的理论计算公式;然后分析了交直流故障引发暂态过电压的机理及主要影响因素;最后结合仿真分析了风机低电压穿越期间不同有功、无功特性对暂态过电压的影响,通过实际系统算例进行了仿真验证。研究结果表明,风机低电压穿越特性将使得风电场成为换流站之外另一个导致暂态过电压的"无功源",低电压穿越期间风机有功出力越小及无功出力越大将导致暂态过电压越严重。     

绕组式永磁耦合调速电机设计与分析

变频器调速技术虽可实现调速,但结构复杂,易受到电磁干扰,影响设备运行的可靠性。此外,当电网电压波动时,变频器难以保证整个系统正常运行。因此,在发电厂等苛刻环境下的应用受到限制。针对以上问题,提出了一种新型绕组式永磁耦合调速电机,离合采用非机械接触结构,减少了机械损耗;可直接对电动转子进行串级调速,调速迅速,且具备抗电网低电压穿越的能力。通过建立绕组式永磁耦合调速电机有限元分析模型,开展了仿真分析研究,结果表明该电机具备调速功能且转矩稳定,在工业领域中具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于G2-熵权法的低压配网台区状态特性评估

从低压配网台区的线路特征、运行特征2个主要方面的指标对低压配网台区状态特性进行评估。首先从上述2个方面建立评估指标体系;其次对指标进行一致化和无量纲处理;然后采用基于功能驱动的G_2法(唯一参照物法)加入专家经验求得各指标的主观权重,同时采用基于数据差异驱动的熵权法求得各指标的客观权重;最后利用拉格朗日最优乘子法综合主客观权重求得各指标的综合权重,得到低压配网台区状态特性的评估函数,根据评估函数值对低压配网台区状态特性做出评估。通过对某地的若干个低压配网台区进行实例分析,验证了该评估方法的有效性和可行性。