Xanthohumol for Human Malignancies: Chemistry,Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Targets

Xanthohumol (XH) is an important prenylated flavonoid that is found within the inflorescence of Humulus lupulus L. (Hop plant). XH is an important ingredient in beer and is considered a significant bioactive agent due to its diverse medicinal applications, which include anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antifungal, antigenotoxic, antiangiogenic, and antimalarial effects as well as strong anticancer activity towards various types of cancer cells. XH acts as a wide ranging chemopreventive and anticancer agent, and its isomer, 8-prenylnaringenin, is a phytoestrogen with strong estrogenic activity. The present review focuses on the bioactivity of XH on various types of cancers and its pharmacokinetics. In this paper, we first highlight, in brief, the history and use of hops and then the chemistry and structure–activity relationship of XH. Lastly, we focus on its prominent effects and mechanisms of action on various cancers and its possible use in cancer prevention and treatment. Considering the limited number of available reviews on this subject, our goal is to provide a complete and detailed understanding of the anticancer effects of XH against different cancers.     

煤峪口矿81010工作面煤层底板裂隙发育特征及防治

针对煤炭开采过程中出现的突水事故,采用RFPA数值模拟软件建立采动模型,对底板裂隙破断过程和声发射进行模拟,研究煤层底板采动裂隙扩展突水通道,结果表明:离断层越近,断层内水压导升高度越高,断层出现活化,裂隙扩展发育,最终贯通形成导水通道,在进行注浆改造后,单个钻孔的最大涌水量为8 m³/h,说明注浆加固防治水效果较好,能确保工作面的安全回采。     

爆炸防控技术在爆破工程警务规划和技术评估中应用

通过介绍爆炸防控技术概念的内涵和外延,说明了爆破工程警务规划设计和技术评估的目的,就是有效防止或遏制涉爆事故,维护社会公共安全。在对一项复杂环境下的基础开挖爆破工程实施警务规划设计和技术评估时,警务技术民警对照爆破作业设计施工单位技术方案中的参数,现场核实需要保护的建筑和重要设施,准确测量保护目标与爆区的实际距离,分析是否存在影响爆破工程实施的不稳定因素,确认上述参数符合安全要求后做出准予爆破许可的建议。爆破工程警务规划设计和技术评估的要点就是要通过现场核查,核实爆破有害效应是否可控,能否确保爆破施工时周边保护目标的安全。     

井下均压通风防灭火分析

以井下均压通风防灭火为对象开展探究。结合具体工程实际,在分析煤层自燃风险性的基础上,探究了均压通风防灭火的原理,并总结了均压通风防灭火技术的实践应用。结果表明,均压通风防灭火技术的应用实现了对采空区遗煤自燃的有效防治,对提升矿井作业安全性效果显著。     

近距离煤层群采空区漏风规律及防控措施研究

贵州地区煤层赋存条件复杂,煤层间距小,相邻采空区存在漏风通道的问题。采用SF6示踪法及重点区域指标气体数据分析法,对发耳煤矿采空区漏风规律及其治理措施进行研究。分析结果表明,由于相邻密闭效果欠佳,导致31004开切眼联络巷及31004工作面回风巷密闭漏风严重。31004采空区漏风通道主要是31004开切眼联络巷密闭及10^#煤层开采过程中对上部7^#煤层采空区造成二次扰动形成的纵向漏风通道;漏风量为83 m^3/min,采空区风速约为0.17 m/s。对存在的煤自燃隐患采取了注水降温措施,CO体积分数显著下降至(5~9)×10^-6。为即将开采的50105、50107工作面的煤自燃防控提供了科学依据和管控措施方案。     

煤矿冲击矿压预测和防治技术浅析

结合镇城底煤矿22605工作面的地质情况和矿压情况,提出了煤炭生产中冲击矿压的预测和防治措施。通过对22605工作面的地质情况和监测数据分析处理并探究了该工作面矿压显现规律,为其设计了一套适合本工作面的冲击矿压监测和防治体系。防治体系有预防和临时解危双重防治措施,从这两方面考虑可以做到全面防治冲击矿压。该体系可以实现矿井的安全生产,保证工作人员的安全。另通过分析冲击矿压发生的基本原理和监测到的数据,建立煤矿冲击矿压防治体系,能够及时有效地将蕴含在煤体中的冲击矿压释放和消除,达到安全生产的目的。     

综采工作面粉尘防治问题分析与技术改进

针对新桥煤矿2301综采工作面机载喷雾系统喷雾效果差、喷雾耗水量大造成煤质含水量超标、喷嘴雾化程度不高、喷嘴容易发生堵塞等问题,提出了高压喷雾系统设计方案,选择了1.2mm的锥形引射喷嘴和1.5mm的扇形引射喷嘴。采用固定水泵供水方式,结合工作面实际情况,计算出喷雾总用水量247.5L/min,提高了喷雾射程,提升了除尘效果。     

Smart firefighting construction in China: Status,problems, and reflections

“Smart firefighting” construction as a part of the “smart city” has been a concern of the public security and fire agencies at all levels. In this study, the status, problems, and reflections of “smart firefighting” construction in China are discussed. A recent survey indicates that China has launched its smart firefighting construction and initially created a new perspective on its regional smart firefighting work based on three main aspects: intelligent disaster perception by Internet of Things (IoT) construction, intelligent disaster prevention by big data construction, and intelligent disaster disposal by emergency rescue platform construction. However, the current smart firefighting construction in China still has some prominent problems such as the data interconnectivity and normalized management of various platforms, the extensibility of smart firefighting platforms, and the intelligent level of smart firefighting researches, which need to be solved urgently. Therefore, we argue that smart firefighting construction in China should establish data interconnectivity, industrial normalized management, 2D/3D geographic information interaction and extension, high-integration fire protection theory, and many other aspects in the near future and truly realize firefighting visualization and efficient data applications for 4D time space. This study could provide valuable reference for smart firefighting and smart city construction.     

红阳二矿12号煤层标志性气体实验研究

针对红阳二矿12号煤层遗煤氧化的规律与特点，有效地进行防灭火工作，掌握采空区中遗煤氧化的速度，对红阳二矿12号煤层进行了煤样升温氧化实验，在温度不断升高的过程中检测出CO与多种烯烃气体，并且在不同温度下煤体析出气体的速度不同，最终选择CO、C₂H₄、C₂H₂作为标志性气体，产生的临界温度分别为59、176、403 ℃。在采空区检测出CO气体，说明采空区遗煤进入快速氧化阶段；检测出C₂H₄气体时，遗煤进入剧烈氧化状态；检测出C₂H₂气体时，说明采空区中已经产生明火，井下人员需要迅速撤离。通过煤体标志性气体的确定，建立12号煤层自燃预警系统，保证井下工作人员的生命安全与能源的充分利用。     

废弃钻井液不落地处理冬季低温生产保障方案设计

针对废弃钻井液不落地处理冬季施工过程中存在钻井液冻凝,设备停机后启动困难,压滤机液压系统油管线温度低、流动性差导致的控制动作缓慢或失灵,钻井液罐与地面冻结无法搬运,钻井设备卫生清洁困难等难题,从废弃钻井液处理方式、油田所在区域、钻井周期等实际情况出发,设计切实可行的冬防保温方案,确保冬季施工设备灵活好用、管线畅通、废弃钻井液无冻凝,保证废弃钻井液不落地处理有序进行。该方案在大庆油田、冀东油田等多口井应用,实践效果良好,解决了因废弃钻井液不落地处理冬季施工过程中钻井液冻凝、设备故障而造成的钻井延误问题。