一种Buck变换器大信号非线性模型

多变换器系统广泛应用于航天航空、舰船电源以及新能源发电中。随着应用条件的变化,多变换器系统的工作点大幅改变,其大信号稳定性是系统分析与设计的关键。由于电力电子变换器的复杂性,多变换器系统大信号详细建模往往面临阶数过高、工作模式过多等问题。首先以平均电流控制的Buck变换器为例,分析了变换器不同工作模式的特征;然后,基于变换器平均模型给出一种大信号非线性模型,该大信号模型在DCM和CCM模式下具有统一的数学表达,并实现了系统的降阶;最后,通过逐周期仿真,验证了该模型的准确性。     

Emulating DC constant power load: a robust sliding mode control approach

This article presents emulation of a programmable power electronic, constant power load (CPL) using a dc/dc step-up (boost) converter. The converter is controlled by a robust sliding mode controller (SMC). A novel switching surface is proposed to ensure a required power sunk by the converter. The proposed dc CPL is simple in design, has fast dynamic response and high accuracy, and offers an inexpensive alternative to study converters for cascaded dc distribution power system applications. Furthermore, the proposed CPL is sufficiently robust against the input voltage variations. A laboratory prototype of the proposed dc CPL has been developed and validated with SMC realised through OPAL-RT platform. The capability of the proposed dc CPL is confirmed via experimentations in varied scenarios.     

基于阻抗网络模型的多变流器直流微电网小扰动稳定性分析

大量新能源设备与负荷通过电力电子变流器接入直流微电网,导致多变流器直流微电网(MCDCM)的小干扰稳定性面临严峻挑战,且使用传统阻抗比与状态空间模型分析MCDCM时存在一定的局限性.基于变流器端口的阻抗特性,建立MCDCM的阻抗网络模型与具有开环稳定特性的负反馈系统,并将阻抗网络模型应用于直流微电网的稳定性判别与设计.一个包含6个变流器的MCDCM的时域仿真结果验证了该方法在MCDCM稳定性判别与设计中的优势.     

新能源电站集电馈线对多变流器并网运行稳定性的影响

风电、光伏等新能源电站中集电系统馈线的分布参数对各个基于LCL滤波器的发电单元变流器谐振特性影响较大,这给变流器控制系统设计带来挑战。为了分析集电系统馈线对多变流器并联运行稳定性的影响,在复频域中采用运算电路的节点导纳矩阵建立了多机系统的数学模型,并分析了模型频率函数特性。分析结果表明,集电系统中不同馈线类型下拓扑形式与馈线长度对变流器的稳定性影响存在较大区别,基于MATLAB/Simulink平台的仿真分析验证了相关结论。     

基于新型整流变压器的多重化整流系统

提出了四种基于一种新型整流变压器的12、18、24与48脉波的多重化整流系统拓扑结构,计算出满足上述脉波数时的移相角和绕组匝比;对四种整流系统的功率因数和特征谐波进行了分析计算;对比新型整流变压器与传统整流变压器计算容量表明,基于新型整流变压器的多重化整流系统的功率因数和特征谐波次数与传统方案基本相同,但新方案下的变压器计算容量比传统整流变压器计算容量要小,具有良好的经济效益,为新型整流变压器的推广应用提供科学依据。     

非线性负载下的多变流器谐波电压补偿控制策略

多变流器在接入非线性负载的情况下会引起电压畸变。为解决此问题,提出一种谐波电压补偿的综合控制策略。首先,采用虚拟同步发电机控制策略模拟同步发电机的外特性,使逆变器具有惯性和阻尼特性。其次,通过级联广义积分器构建谐波分离网络来提取相应的基波和谐波电流分量。紧接着结合虚拟阻抗构建基波处的感性虚拟阻抗去改善功率均分,以谐波处的阻容性可变虚拟阻抗去改变系统的输出阻抗来补偿相应的谐波电压。然后,在虚拟同步发电机的基础上采用多谐振电压控制器对输出电压的谐波进行抑制。最后,对所提的综合控制策略进行仿真研究,结果验证了所提策略在谐波电压补偿方面的正确性。     

Attuned design of demand response program and M-FACTS for relieving congestion in a restructured market environment

This paper addresses the attuned use of multi-converter flexible alternative current transmission systems (M-FACTS) devices and demand response (DR) to perform congestion management (CM) in the deregulated environment. The strong control capability of the M-FACTS offers a great potential in solving many of the problems facing electric utilities. Besides, DR is a novel procedure that can be an effective tool for reduction of congestion. A market clearing procedure is conducted based on maximizing social welfare (SW) and congestion as network constraint is paid by using concurrently the DR and M-FACTS. A multi-objective problem (MOP) based on the sum of the payments received by the generators for changing their output, the total payment received by DR participants to reduce their load and M-FACTS cost is systematized. For the solution of this problem a nonlinear time-varying evolution (NTVE) based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) style is formed. Fuzzy decision-making (FDM) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) approaches are employed for finding the best compromise solution from the set of Pareto-solutions obtained through multi-objective particle swarm optimization-nonlinear time-varying evolution (MOPSO-NTVE). In a real power system, Azarbaijan regional power system of Iran, comparative analysis of the results obtained from the application of the DR & unified power flow controller (UPFC) and the DR & M-FACTS are presented.     

用改进直接谐波算法评估多变换器谐波

为克服直接谐波计算方法的缺点,采用改进算法对独立电网中多个整流器在公共接入点PCC上产生的谐波进行了评估。该方法是在直接谐波计算法基础上通过进一步的校正计算而形成,这样就可以克服直接计算方法因不能考虑谐波电压产生的电流而引起的误差问题,具有较高的精度,而且此方法还免去了迭代计算法复杂的迭代过程,特别适合于对多变换器进行谐波计算。最后仿真与计算结果的比较验证了这种方法的可行性。     

Distributed cooperative control of multi-converter systems via networks

Modular converters are employed for ultra-large ship degaussing systems to improve the magnetic stealth capability. However, the degaussing performance could be compromised by the inconsistent current in various modules. Therefore, current synchronization is a crucial issue in the control of distributed multi-converter systems (DMCSs). To meet the high requirement of such an industrial scenario, a distributed cooperative control scheme is conceived for DMCSs in this paper. The consensus and stability of the DMCS are analyzed, in contrast to existing works that only take consensus into account, and the necessary and sufficient conditions are derived with the constructed closed-loop control system. Then, the tailor-made controller design guideline is presented. Different cases of a cyber-physical DMCS in the MATLAB/SimPowerSystems environment are examined to confirm the viability. Furthermore, experiments with a multi-converter prototype system are carried out to confirm the efficiency of the proposed control method. Results from simulations and experiments are in line with the theoretical analysis, validating the efficacy.