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1.
《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(6):103595
Ceria (CeO2) particles are prevalent polishing abrasive materials. Trivalent lanthanide ions are the popular category of dopants for enriched surface defects and thus improved physicochemical properties, since they are highly compatible with CeO2 lattices. Herein, a series of dendritic-like mesoporous silica (D-mSiO2)-supported samarium (Sm)-doped CeO2 nanocrystals were synthesized via a facile chemical precipitation method. The relation of the structural characteristics and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performances were investigated to explore the effect of Sm-doping amounts on the D-mSiO2/SmxCe1?xO2?δ (x = 0–1) composite abrasives. The involved low-modulus D-mSiO2 cores aimed to eliminate surface scratch and damage, resulting from the optimized contact behavior between abrasives and surfaces. The trivalent cerium (Ce3+) and oxygen vacancy (VO) at CeO2 surfaces were expected to be reactive sites for the material removal process over SiO2 films. The optimal oxide-CMP performances in terms of removal efficiency and surface quality were achieved by the 40% Sm-doped composite abrasives. It might be attributed to the high Ce3+ and VO concentrations and the enhancement of tribochemical reactivity between CeO2SiO2 interfaces. Furthermore, the relationship between the surface chemistry, polishing performance as well as the actual role in oxide-CMP of the D-mSiO2/SmxCe1?xO2?δ abrasives were also discussed. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(65):28152-28164
The combustion characteristics of ammonia/methanol mixtures were investigated numerically in this study. Methanol has a dramatic promotive effect on the laminar burning velocity (LBV) of ammonia. Three mechanisms from literature and another four self-developed mechanisms constructed in this study were evaluated using the measured laminar burning velocities of ammonia/methanol mixtures from Wang et al. (Combust.Flame. 2021). Generally, none of the selected mechanisms can precisely predict the measured laminar burning velocities at all conditions. Aiming to develop a simplified and reliable mechanism for ammonia/methanol mixtures, the constructed mechanism utilized NUI Galway mechanism (Combust.Flame. 2016) as methanol sub-mechanism and the Otomo mechanism (Int. J. Hydrogen. Energy. 2018) as ammonia sub-mechanism was optimized and reduced. The reduced mechanism entitled ‘DNO-NH3’, can accurately reproduce the measured laminar burning velocities of ammonia/methanol mixtures under all conditions. A reaction path analysis of the ammonia/methanol mixtures based on the DNO-NH3 mechanism shows that methanol is not directly involved in ammonia oxidation, instead, the produced methyl radicals from methanol oxidization contribute to the dehydrogenation of ammonia. Besides, NOx emission analysis demonstrates that 60% methanol addition results in the highest NOx emissions. The most important reactions dominating the NOx consumption and production are identified in this study. 相似文献
4.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(66):28475-28485
Constructing efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting remains a challenge because of the sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, the core-shell hybrids composed of Co(PO3)2 nanorod core and NiFe alloy shell in situ grown on nickel foam (NiFe/Co(PO3)2@NF) are synthesized. Owing to the hierarchical palm-leaf-like structures and strong adhesion between NiFe alloys, Co(PO3)2 and substrates, the catalyst provides a large surface area and rapid charge transfer, which facilitates active sites exposure and conductivity enhancement. The interfacial effect in the NiFe/Co(PO3)2 core-shell structure modulates the electronic structure of the active sites around the boundary, thereby boosting the intrinsic activity. Benefiting from the stable structure, the durability of the catalyst is not impaired by the inevitable surface reconfiguration. The NiFe/Co(PO3)2@NF electrode presents a low cell voltage of 1.63 V to achieve 10 mA cm?2 and manifests durability for up to 36 h at different current densities. 相似文献
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Liu Yang Pengfei Yu Wenyuan Li Fengliang Cao Xin Jin Sheng Xue Xianglong Zhang Tingwei Zhang Mingbo Wu Wenting Wu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2022,68(9):e17760
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been listed as one of the 100 most important chemicals in the world. However, huge amount of residual H2O2 is hard to timely decomposed into O2 and H2O under acidic condition, easily resulting in explosion hazard. Here, we reported a core–shell structure catalyst, that is graphene with Co N structure encapsulated Co nanoparticles. Co N graphene shell serves as the active site for the H2O2 decomposition, and Co core further enhance this decomposition. Benefiting from it, the H2O2 decomposition were close to 100% after 6 cycles without pH adjustment, which increased 6 orders of magnitude compared with no catalyst. At the same time, the O2 generation reached 99.67% in 2 h with little metal leaching, and ·OH has been greatly inhibited to only 0.08%. This work can cleanly remove H2O2 with little deep oxidation and protect the process of H2O2 utilization to achieve a safer world. 相似文献
7.
Guishang Pei Junyi Xiang Qingyun Huang Xuewei Lv 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(10):6359-6369
A double pyrovanadate CaMgV2O7 sample was synthesized via a facile solid-state route under an air atmosphere. The nonequilibrium formation pathways of the CaMgV2O7 were investigated via powder X-ray diffraction. A multistep reactions path (metavanadates–pyrovanadates–double pyrovanadate CaMgV2O7) was proposed to describe the formation of the CaMgV2O7 considering the thermodynamic and kinetic factors. The cell unit parameters of the CaMgV2O7 sample indicated the crystallization according to a monoclinic system with space group P12/c1(14), and the lattice parameters of a = 6.756 Å, b = 14.495 Å, c = 11.253 Å, β = 99.12, and V = 108.806 Å3. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy also confirmed the +5 oxidation state vanadium in CaMgV2O7. The endothermic effects at 1033 and 1143 K were related to the incongruent melting and liquidus temperatures of CaMgV2O7, respectively. The comprehensive thermodynamic properties of CaMgV2O7 were established in both low- and high-temperature regions, utilizing a physical property measurement system and multi-high-temperature calorimetry (96 lines). The heat capacity (200 J mol K−1) and entropy (198 J mol K−1) at 298.15 K were computed based on the low-temperature heat capacity values, and the enthalpy of formation at 298.15 K was also estimated. The fitted high-temperature capacity can be used to obtain the changes in the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. This study is part of building a reliable thermodynamic database of the CaO–MgO–V2O5 system. 相似文献
8.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(12):16649-16655
Effective adhesion between AlOx and SiOx is important for protective coatings and high-k films under extreme operating conditions. Here, we study the chemo-mechanical behavior of the AlOx/SiOx interface and its delamination mechanism using all-atom reactive molecular dynamics simulations. The structure of the interface is examined by the formation of bridge oxygen and the distribution of nanopores. The cleavage of ionic bonds during delamination and the resulting adhesion strength of the system are quantified using pull-out simulations. The results reveal the dependence of the nanopores and ionic bond formation on the oxide structure. The ionic bond density at the interface increases as the oxidation of the aluminum surface proceeds, which directly increases the adhesion strength with SiOx. In particular, the global coordination distribution in the homogeneously grown oxide inhibits the formation of nanopores inside the aluminum substrate and contributes to extremely high adhesion strength. This reveals a fundamental relationship between physicochemical parameters and engineering mechanics for hetero-oxide structure design. 相似文献
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(20):29862-29872
Thermal shock parameters (R, R''', R'''' and Rst) of MgAlON–MgO composites obtained with additions of spent MgO–C brick were calculated using measured mechanical properties and thermal expansion coefficient, determining their resistance to fracture initiation and crack propagation. The cyclic thermal shock experiments of MgAlON–MgO composites performed from 1398 K to ambient temperature indicate that as number of thermal shock cycle increases, retained strength ratio of MgAlON and MgAlON–4.2 wt%MgO sharply decrease and then keep constant, while that of MgAlON–10.5 wt%MgO and MgAlON–15.7 wt%MgO slowly decrease. The reason for the difference is that MgAlON and MgAlON–4.2 wt%MgO show low value of R''' and R'''', and high value of R and Rst. Moreover, precipitation of impurity containing Fe may play a positive role in improvement of thermal shock resistance of MgAlON–MgO composites. MgAlON?4.2 wt%MgO has the maximum retained strength (55 MPa) even after 5 thermal shock cycles, which is expected to be used in the metallurgical industry. 相似文献
10.
电力线是一类形状细长、特征稀疏、随着视角的变化容易混淆在大量背景信息中的特殊障碍物,常规电力线检测识别算法得到的目标框对电力线所在位置的估计不够准确。为此,提出了一种相对角度估计方法,基于常规电力线目标检测与识别算法,并结合电力线相对角度估计,从而提高电力线的检测识别过程中所在位置的精度。相比电力线绝对角度回归的方法,提出的相对角度估计方法容易训练易收敛,计算量小,适用于实时性要求较高的应用场合。 相似文献