基于改进蚁群算法的三维路径规划

针对移动机器人在海水环境中的三维路径规划问题容易陷入局部最优和收敛慢等瑕疵，根据三维环境全局信息来改进蚁群算法以提高实时性和收敛速度。改进蚁群算法的启发函数，采用局部信息和全局信息结合动态地改进信息素更新方式，以及根据三维空间中路径的平坦程度和光滑度二阶微分分别增加了一阶微分和二阶微分来再次修改信息素更新规则。仿真对比实验结果显示改进后的蚁群算法克服了收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优的缺点。     

An enhancement algorithm based on adaptive updating template with Gaussian model for Si3N4 ceramic bearing roller surface defects detection

The method based on machine vision image processing is used to detect the surface defects of Si₃N₄ bearing roller. Owing to the variety of defects, small area and low contrast, it is easy to miss or error detection. In this paper, an adaptive update template defect enhancement algorithm based on Gaussian model is proposed. First, a large number of surface images of Si₃N₄ bearing roller are collected to obtain the non-defect background statistical feature, and the background characteristic curve is fitted by Gaussian model. Further, the initial background template is gained according to the Gaussian curve. Then, combined with the gray distribute of defect images and initial background template, unique adaptive update template can be established. Finally, subtraction operation and nonlinear enhancement are used to improve the comparison of defect information and background. Through inverse sorting, adaptive threshold segmentation and Canny operation, the precise positioning of defects is realized. The enhancement algorithm can effectively enhance the contrast and eliminate the influence of noise. The average detection time is 0.84s, and the detection accuracy is 96.2%.     

蜂窝网络自组织研究及展望

自组织网络技术是提高蜂窝网络运行效率、降低运营成本的重要工具,已作为基本功能在4G标准化初始版本获得引入并得到不断发展。在复杂度更高的5G网络中实现网络自动化管理的需求将进一步增强。回顾了蜂窝网络自组织技术的基本概念、分类和主要用例,分析了主要研究方法;总结了学术界、标准化组织及研究机构的研究进展,重点介绍了基于机器学习的最新研究成果;调查了工程应用现状,分析了自组织网络面临的主要挑战,同时指出了新的研究方向。     

P-IoT自组网模式研究

为降低专网物联网(P-IoT)的建网成本,实现灵活部署和增强抗毁性以满足行业用户的应用要求,需对P-IoT自组网模式进行研究。首先,阐述了P-IoT自组网模式的重要性;在此基础上,从系统架构、支持的拓扑类型、协议栈设计以及技术优势对P-IoT自组网模式加以分析;最后,分析了P-IoT自组网模式在智能抄表与智能林防领域的创新应用。P-IoT自组网模式在多种应用环境下都能很好地满足行业用户的需求,在未来专网市场P-IoT自组网模式必将具备极强的竞争力。     

悬索桥主塔结构的有限元模拟方法研究：1．初始模型

在有限元模型误差来源分析的基础之上,以润扬悬索桥主塔结构环境振动测试结果为基准,提出了分层次分阶段的修正主塔结构有限元模型的方法。首先依据设计图纸建立最初的有限元模型,经过模型阶次误差分析和结构误差分析之后,确定了主塔各构件单元划分的数目和梁柱节点刚性区域的模拟方法。在此基础之上,文献[1]将进一步对本文所建立的初始有限元模型进行参数误差的修正,从而最终建立润扬悬索桥主塔结构的基准有限元模型。     

大跨桥梁索塔有限元模型修正

首先采用不同的方法分别建立了大跨桥梁索塔的精细有限元模型和简化模型，运用环境振动实测结果对简化有限元模型进行了修正，并和精细模型计算结果相比较；研究结果表明：严格按照设计图纸建立的精细有限元模型计算得到的动力特性与索塔现场环境振动实测值之间的误差较小，而未经修正的简化模型误差较大，由此说明：大跨桥梁在有限元建模时应尽可能详细地反映结构的几何与材料特性，在此前提下，对于设计资料全面的桥梁结构，建立有限元模型时就只需要修正那些无法用数学和物理方法模拟的不确定因素。对于缺乏实测信息的在建桥梁工程，则可以应用精细有限元模型的计算结果暂时代替实测结果对简化的有限元模型进行修正。     

谈城市更新中的规划管理工作--对太原市城市更新与规划管理关系的思索

以太原市的规划工作为例，阐述了目前我国城市更新与规划管理所处的阶段和主要矛盾，从宏观政策、规划管理机制等专面，提出了推动城市更新建设发展，防止城市建设性破坏的具体措施，     

测量导致设备性能退化条件下的剩余寿命建模分析

测量本身导致设备性能退化的情况是存在的,然而这个问题往往被研究者们所忽视。文中针对这种情况下的剩余寿命建模进行了研究。首先,在自然退化模型的基础上建立有损测量退化模型;其次给出了相应模型的参数估计方法和基于贝叶斯理论的设备剩余寿命的实时更新方法。最后通过一个仿真示例证明了研究这个问题的意义和文中建模的有效性。     

Sensitivity of uncertainties in performance prediction of deteriorating concrete structures

Deterioration models for the condition and reliability prediction of civil infrastructure facilities involve numerous assumptions and simplifications. Furthermore, input parameters of these models are fraught with uncertainties. A Bayesian methodology has been developed by the authors, which uses information obtained through health monitoring to improve the quality of prediction. The sensitivity of prior and posterior predicted performance to different input parameters of the deterioration models, and the effect of instrument and measurement uncertainty, is investigated in this paper. The results quantify the influence of these uncertainties and highlight the efficacy of the updating methodology based on integrating monitoring data. It has been found that the probabilistic posterior performance predictions are significantly less sensitive to most of the input uncertainties. Furthermore, updating the performance distribution based on ‘event’ outcomes is likely to be more beneficial than monitoring and updating of the input parameters on an individual basis.     

Concurrent multi-scale modelling and updating of long-span bridges using a multi-objective optimisation technique

This paper aims at developing an innovative technique of concurrent multi-objective optimisation for updating the multi-scale model of long-span bridges. A multi-scale model is established for the purpose of concurrently analysing the global response of the structure and nonlinear local damages in order to assess structural state and local damage evolution or deteriorating, respectively. A multi-objective optimisation technique is proposed in this work for concurrent multi-scale model updating, in which several key issues including the determination of the objective functions and constraint conditions, the multi-objective optimisation algorithm and how to find the optimal solution from many non-inferior solutions are studied. The proposed concurrent multi-objective optimisation technique is applied to update the initial multi-scale model of Runyang Suspension Bridge (RYSB) near Shanghai, and the updated model is validated by the data from the field tests conducted for obtaining the response in global (dynamic properties) and local levels.