Benchmark experiment of large-angle scattering reaction cross section of iron at 14 MeV using two shadow bars – Comparison of experimental results with ENDF/B-VIII –

ABSTRACT

It is important to perform neutron transport simulations with accurate nuclear data in the neutronics design of a fusion reactor. However, absolute values of large-angle scattering cross sections vary among nuclear data libraries even for well-examined nuclide of iron. Benchmark experiments focusing on large-angle scattering cross sections were thus performed to confirm the correctness of nuclear data libraries. The series benchmark experiments were performed at a DT neutron source facility, OKTAVIAN of Osaka University, Japan, by the unique experimental system established by the authors’ group, which can extract only the contribution of large-angle scattering reactions. This system consists of two shadow bars, target plate (iron), and neutron detector (niobium). Two types of shadow bars were used and four irradiations were conducted for one experiment, so that contribution of room-return neutrons was effectively removed and only large-angle scattering neutrons were extracted from the measured four Nb reaction rates. The obtained experimental results were compared with calculations for five nuclear data libraries including JENDL-4.0, JEFF.-3.3, FENDL-3.1, ENDF/B- VII, and recently released ENDF/B-VIII. It was found from the comparison that ENDF/B-VIII showed the best result, though ENDF/B-VII showed overestimation and others are in large underestimation at 14 MeV.     

Study on maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic array in irregular shadow

Traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods can hardly find global maximum power point (MPP) because output characteristics curve of photovoltaic (PV) array may have multi local maximum power points in irregular shadow, and thus easily fall into the local maximum power point. To address this drawback, Considering that sliding mode variable structure (SMVS) control strategy have such advantages as simple structure, fast response and strong robustness, and P&O method have the advantages of simple principle and convenient implementation, so a new algorithm combining SMVS control method and P&O method is proposed, besides, PI controller is applied to reduce system chattering caused by switching sliding surface. It is applied to MPPT control of PV array in irregular shadow to solve the problem of multi-peak optimization in partial shadow. In order to verity the rationality of the proposed algorithm, the experimental circuit is built, which achieves MPPT control by means of the proposed algorithm and P&O method. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional P&O algorithm, the proposed algorithm can fast track the global MPP, tracking speed increases by 60% and the relative error decreased by 20%. Moreover, the system becomes more stable near the MPP, the fluctuations of output power is greatly reduced, and thus make full use of solar energy.     

数码建筑中的光影设计

概述了数码建筑的产生以及光影设计的意义，阐述了如何在新的条件下创造出更加理性的、反映时代潮流的建筑，表明了建筑空间光影设计在建筑历史中占有重要的地位。     

城市景观中的缝与槽

缝与槽是线性艺术在城市景观中的表现方式,本文从线性艺术效果、虚实与光影、功能与建造三个方面进行研究与分析,使人们深入理解线性艺术在现代城市景观设计中的作用和效果。     

地方传统建筑艺术的传承与发展——泉州市西湖公园北大门设计构思

本文通过对泉州西湖公园北大门设计的介绍与分析,就现代城市景观建筑,在尊重环境,继承发展地域传统文化艺术方面,以及景观、建筑、环境、艺术的结合方面,所做出的新颖独特的创造性设计,进行了细致的描述和介绍。     

建筑日照资源均衡利用的管理方法改进——先南后北建设时序

大中城市高层、高密度开发已是普遍现象.南侧地块先开发,占用较多日照资源,引起北侧地块可建设住宅的总面积减少,各地规划管理技术规范中尚无具体内容.研究提出了“终日阴影检测线”设想,通过控制检测线的阴影率,来协调地块之间日照资源的分配.主要采用典型枚举加计算机模拟验证的方法,将阴影率控制在15％-25％之间,使临界日照资源均衡利用.当南北方向有多排高层建筑,建议采用两级间距控制,第一级间距内,用阴影检测线来协调,第二级间距内,用高度通道来控制.与以往的协调、控制方法相比,阴影检测线法适合较大地块,规范性强,透明度高,人为干预小,容易解释,建筑设计的弹性、灵活性较大,相对容易纳入地方城市规划管理技术规范,可体现在规划设计条件或控制性详细规划中.     

小波变换模极大值与改进的Retinex在阴影检测与去除中的应用

阴影是由于目标阻塞了光源的直接照射而在场景上形成的暗区域。图像中阴影的存在直接影响了图片的质量,影响目标的提取和跟踪。因此如何消除阴影成为图像处理的关键。文中提出了基于Retinex算法的阴影去除方法。文中首先利用小波变换模极大值检测阴影区域,然后用Retinex算法去除阴影。阴影去除后对画面进行调整,将RGB空间转换到HSV空间,增强V分量的同时,利用S分量随着V分量的增强进行自适应调整,最后将HSV转换到RGB。实验结果表明,该算法在去除阴影的同时细节信息也得到了增强,取得了很好的效果。     

无线衰落信道模拟方法及仪器研制

信道模拟器是近年来无线通信系统测试与性能评估中的新型测量仪器,研究了包含路径损耗、阴影衰落、多径衰落和信道噪声多种因素的无线信道模型,提出了一种基于谐波叠加原理且易于硬件实现的复合衰落信道实时模拟方法,并据此研制了中频信道模拟器原理样机。实测和分析结果表明,模拟器输出信道衰落分布与理论值非常吻合,统计方差的相对偏差约为0.06%,而自相关特性和多普勒功率谱也均与设计值吻合,可用于实验室模拟真实传播环境对无线信号的随机失真影响。     

基于组合特征和HSI颜色空间的阴影检测

为了更有效地检测视频序列中的阴影,提出基于组合特征和HSI颜色空间的阴影检测算法.对提取的前景,先采用扩展的不变矩和Gabor小波变换分别抽取待识别区域的全局特征和局部特征来建立组合特征向量,再通过建立的HSI空间的阴影颜色模型来准确检测出目标的阴影.实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的阴影检测效果.