Thermal properties of hierarchical YSZ and LZO ceramic microspheres with multi-scaled voids investigated by using theoretical,experimental and simulation methods

Heat transfer within ceramic feedstock powders is still unclear, which impedes optimization of the thermal and mechanical properties of the thermal sprayed coatings. The microspheres (yttria-stabilized zirconia YSZ and lanthanum zirconate LZO) were prepared via the electro-spraying assisted phase inversion method (ESP). The thermal properties of the two ESP microspheres and a commercial hollow spherical powder (HOSP) were investigated by using theoretical, experimental, and simulation methods. Thermal conductivity of the single microsphere was estimated via a novel nest model that was derived from the Maxwell-Eucken 1 and the EMT model. Thermal conductivity of a single YSZ/LZO-ESP microsphere prepared at 1100–1200 °C was within 0.36–0.75 W/m K, which was ～ 20 % lower than that of a single YSZ-HOSP microsphere with a similar porosity. Heat flux simulation showed that high tortuosity around the multi-scaled voids of the ESP microsphere led to a more efficient decrease in thermal conductivity compared with total porosity.     

基于双应力加速寿命试验的关节轴承寿命预测与可靠性分析

自润滑关节轴承寿命主要是由衬垫的磨损性能决定的,但衬垫的磨损一般是非线性的,使得寿命难以预测。采用同时改变载荷和摆频2种应力的方法进行加速寿命试验,建立以pv值、磨损量退化数据为输入参数,寿命值为输出参数的灰色神经网络预测模型。经验证该预测模型对关节轴承寿命预测的最大误差仅为7.33%,平均误差仅为3.892%。对不同加速应力下自润滑关节轴承可靠性进行评估,结果表明,关节轴承的可靠性在L_(10)(可靠度为90%时的寿命)之前下降趋势缓慢,然后迅速下降,pv值越大可靠性下降越迅速;随着pv值的增大,关节轴承寿命近似呈指数下降,经验证可用逆幂率加速模型反映二者关系。     

Emergency decision support modeling for COVID-19 based on spherical fuzzy information

Significant emergency measures should be taken until an emergency event occurs. It is understood that the emergency is characterized by limited time and information, harmfulness and uncertainty, and decision-makers are always critically bound by uncertainty and risk. This paper introduces many novel approaches to addressing the emergency situation of COVID-19 under spherical fuzzy environment. Fundamentally, the paper includes six main sections to achieve appropriate and accurate measures to address the situation of emergency decision-making. As the spherical fuzzy set (FS) is a generalized framework of fuzzy structure to handle more uncertainty and ambiguity in decision-making problems (DMPs). First, we discuss basic algebraic operational laws (AOLs) under spherical FS. In addition, elaborate on the deficiency of existing AOLs and present three cases to address the validity of the proposed novel AOLs under spherical fuzzy settings. Second, we present a list of Einstein aggregation operators (AgOp) based on the Einstein norm to aggregate uncertain information in DMPs. Thirdly, we are introducing two techniques to demonstrate the unknown weight of the criteria. Fourthly, we develop extended TOPSIS and Gray relational analysis approaches based on AgOp with unknown weight information of the criteria. In fifth, we design three algorithms to address the uncertainty and ambiguity information in emergency DMPs. Finally, the numerical case study of the novel carnivorous (COVID-19) situation is provided as an application for emergency decision-making based on the proposed three algorithms. Results explore the effectiveness of our proposed methodologies and provide accurate emergency measures to address the global uncertainty of COVID-19.     

光学球罩数控抛光工艺关键技术研究

光学球罩被广泛应用于各类光电系统中,其面形精度制约着光电系统的成像质量。随着数控技术的发展,数控加工技术逐渐成为目前光学加工行业的主流发展方向。基于高质量的铣磨表面,为了能够在准球心高速抛光工艺中实现等去除量加工,本文对同步抛光技术进行了理论分析及数学模型推导,并通过实验证明,同步抛光技术可以有效地提升加工效率,获得高质量的光学表面。     

深圳抽水蓄能电厂球阀动水关闭试验研究

为验证深圳抽水蓄能电厂球阀具备动水关闭能力且不会产生有害振动进行了球阀动水关闭试验,获得不同负荷下球阀动水关闭实测各项动应力值及振动位移值。试验数据表明深蓄电厂球阀在不关闭导叶情况下能可靠关闭阻断上游来水,验证了在100%负荷动水关闭球阀最不利工况下,球阀混凝土支墩结构强度满足设计要求,球阀体系的振动位移是安全的,且对设备未产生有害变形及损坏。     

采用图像分析技术对球形Ti-6Al-4V粉末粒形的定量分析

采用图像分析技术对4种不同方法制备的球形Ti-6Al-4V粉末进行粒形的定量分析,分别测量了粉末的球形度、椭圆率、赘生物指数及粗糙度。结果表明:4种方法制备的粉末平均球形度均在90%以上。等离子旋转电极雾化法(PREP)、等离子火炬雾化法(PA)、等离子惰性气体雾化法(PIGA)、电极感应熔炼气雾化法(EIGA)制得粉末球形度依次降低,粗糙度依次增加。PREP、PA、EIGA、PIGA法制得粉末的表面卫星球粘附依次增加。对于PREP法制得粉末,粉末粒径范围越细,球形度越高,平均粗糙度越小。粉末粒形指标的差异与其制备方法的原理有关。采用图像分析技术可以实现对金属粉末粒形指标的科学定量分析。     

球头铣刀铣削球面的表面形貌建模与仿真研究

基于齐次坐标矩阵变换原理和矢量运算法则，建立了工件坐标系下球头铣刀扫掠面的数学模型，基于Z-MAP法设计了球形表面形貌的生成算法，利用该算法对球头铣刀分别采用3D环绕法和放射加工法这两种典型走刀路线加工凸球面，并对加工后的表面形貌进行了仿真，通过分析对比仿真结果，发现3D环绕法更有利于减小表面粗糙度。同时，仿真结果和试验结果具有较高的吻合度，表明该仿真方法是可靠的，可以用于实际生产中球头铣刀铣削球面表面形貌的预测。     

非线性状态下饱和紧密砂土的孔隙压力估算

介绍了无限土体中球孔扩张理论,以及在高应力状态下,考虑材料非线性时紧密砂性土的八面体应力及极限承载力解答,推演出了在非线性饱和紧密砂土内,球孔扩张压力下的孔隙压力公式,并分析了其分布特性。     

用动心辅助球面法求作相贯线的方法研究

阐述了用动心辅助球面法求相贯线的原理和方法 ,说明了该方法不仅适用于回转面相交 ,而且对其中一个是非回转面 ,另一个曲面的截交线是圆的情况也适用。该法既适用于两轴线相交 ,也适用于轴线平行的情况