南海北部陆坡天然气水合物成藏特征研究进展分析

南海北部陆坡区域构造地质控制着气源、流体疏导体系、富集空间及储层物性特征,因此,东沙海域、神狐海域、西沙海槽和琼东南盆地的水合物成藏条件及控制因素具有明显差异性。东沙海域深部气体可沿断层、裂缝、不整合面、砂岩疏导层和气烟囱等通道向上运移,并形成天然气水合物,具有渗漏型水合物产出特征;神狐海域水合物成藏与规模巨大的泥底辟活动相关,并与布莱克海台天然气水合物产出特征具有相似性;琼东南盆地中央坳陷带内为天然气水合物发育的重点区,底辟、泥火山或麻坑构造与天然气水合物发育密切相关。     

Case history on failure of a 67 M tall reinforced soil slope

Construction of this 67 m high RSS was completed in December 2006. After seven years in-service, a tension crack was observed at the top of the slope. In March 2015 this RSS structure catastrophically collapsed. This RSS structure collapsed in a compound failure mode; as the failure plane passed beneath, partially behind, and partially through the reinforced soil mass. The failure plane beneath the RSS was along a shale-claystone interface. The failure surface partially behind the RSS was along sandstone bedrock with water-seeping bedding planes dipping out of the rock mass. The failure surface through the upper portion of the RSS is where the geogrid reinforcement was overwhelmed by stresses originating from underlying deformation. The RSS collapse occurred after 8.3 years in-service as the shear strength along the shale-claystone interface decreased and approached the fully softened strength. The primary causative factors of this failure are: (i) an insufficient subsurface investigation program and interpretation of data for design and detailing; (ii) insufficient specifications and construction plan details for both foundation preparation and rock backcut benching; (iii) insufficient foundation preparation and rock backcut benching during construction; and (iv) adaptations to the design made during construction.     

一种外LET柔顺半铰的动力学建模与分析

对一种外LET柔顺半铰进行建模与动力学特性分析。采用斜率不连续的绝对节点坐标法（ANCF）建立了该柔顺半铰系统动力学方程；对外力作用下半铰中心线和外轮廓的运动变形进行仿真，与实验结果对比，证明了绝对节点坐标法对柔顺半铰动力学建模的有效性；进一步分析了半铰外形尺寸变化对其变形规律的影响。     

高低孔爆破处理高陡边坡的技术分析

针对前期规划不当,大宝山露天矿877 m平台高陡边坡局部存在难以采用预裂爆破技术进行处理的情况,决定采用高低孔爆破处理技术。为了解决这一难题,首先分析了高低孔的相对内涵,并对高低孔孔深计算公式进行了简单推导,然后通过公式计算得到了高低孔的孔深。在施工阶段,为了确保低孔的实施效果,两排低孔分区域使用同段别毫秒延时雷管,晚于高孔起爆。实践表明,处理后的平台平整度良好,坡面较为稳定,对高陡边坡采用高低孔爆破处理具有可行性,效果较好,可为类似边坡处理提供新思路。     

An artificial neural network approach to inhomogeneous soil slope stability predictions based on limit analysis methods

The assessment of soil slope stability is an important task in geotechnical designs. This study uses finite element upper bound (UB) and lower bound (LB) limit analysis (LA) methods to investigate inhomogeneous soil slope stability on the basis of the conventional Mohr–Coulomb parameters. The obtained stability numbers are presented in inhomogeneous soil slope stability charts. In order to minimize manual reading errors when using the chart solutions, an artificial neural network (ANN) is employed to develop a stability assessment tool for the slopes investigated in this paper. The slope stability analysis using the ANN-based tool is convenient, and the predictions it provides are highly accurate.     

浅析高速公路高边坡病害原因及治理对策

对高速路建设中高边坡病害的成因展开分析,并对高边坡病害的治理提出对策,希望对高边坡病害治理有一定的促进作用。     

Modelling multiphasic starch digestograms: an objective procedure for slope discontinuities†

Digestograms of 101 published in vitro starch digestion were used to investigate slope discontinuities. Polynomial equations (1 to 3 orders) adequately described the first derivative of the digestograms. The derivative(s) of the equations revealed critical point(s). The third-order equation described (P ≤ 0.05) 17% of the digestograms as triphasic, the second- and third-order equations identified (P ≤ 0.05) 32% as biphasic, while 51% exhibited (P ≤ 0.05) monophasic digestograms. Using nonlinear regression with practical constraints, a modified first-order kinetic model (D_t = D₀ + D_∞−0 {1 − exp [−K t]}) described (r² > 0.56, P ≤ 0.05) segments 1–3 of the digestograms. Rapid-slow and slow-rapid digestion rates were obtained, and maximum digestible starches, D_∞, ≤100g/100g (dry) starch for an in-depth understanding of starch digestion. This is the first comprehensive objective approach for slope discontinuities in starch digestograms for consistency in modelling digestograms that advances starch digestion studies.     

不同降雨入渗条件下预应力锚索加固边坡稳定性分析

为了研究不同降雨条件下边坡安全系数及预应力锚索轴力变化规律,以省道S303沿线某边坡为研究对象,考虑土体饱和-非饱和渗流与非饱和强度理论,基于有限元分析,对不同降雨工况下的孔隙水压分布、锚索轴力及采用强度折减法计算的边坡安全系数变化规律进行了研究。结果表明: 降雨量一定时,降雨入渗范围随雨强增大而减小,暂态饱和区域随雨强增加而增大; 边坡在加固前后的安全系数均随降雨量增加而不断减小,采用预应力锚索加固能有效提高边坡安全系数,并减小降雨对边坡稳定性的影响; 随着降雨量增加,各锚索轴力均增大,当降雨量一定时,雨强越小,对应的锚索轴力提升幅度越大,靠近底部的锚索轴力对降雨最为敏感。     

半导体激光器辐照损伤效应实验研究进展

半导体激光器(LD)工作在空间辐射或核辐射环境中时,会受到辐照损伤的影响而导致器件性能退化。文章回顾了不同时期研制的LD(从早期的GaAs LD到量子阱LD和量子点LD)在辐照效应实验方面的研究进展,梳理了国际上开展不同辐射粒子或射线(质子、中子、电子、伽马射线)诱发LD辐射敏感参数退化的实验规律,分析总结了当前LD辐照效应实验方法研究中亟待解决的关键技术问题,为今后深入开展LD的辐照效应实验方法、退化规律、损伤机理及抗辐射加固技术研究提供理论指导和实验技术支持。