Digital twin-based assembly data management and process traceability for complex products

Complex products such as satellites, missiles, and aircraft typically have demanding requirements for dynamic data management and process traceability. The assembly process for these complex products involves high complexity, strong dynamics, many uncertainties, and frequent rework and repair, especially in the model development stage. Achieving assembly data management and process traceability for complex products has always been a challenge. A recently proposed solution involves one-to-one mapping of the corresponding physical entity, also known as the digital twin method. This paper proposes a digital twin-based assembly data management and process traceability approach for complex products. First, the dynamic evolutionary process of complex product assembly data was analyzed from three dimensions: granularity, period and version. Then, a framework of digital twin-based assembly data management and process traceability for complex products was constructed. Some core techniques are: 1) workflow-based product assembly data organization and version management; 2) synchronous modeling of the product assembly process based on digital twin; and 3) hierarchical management and traceability of product assembly data based on digital twin. On this basis, an algorithm flowchart for generating a product assembly data package was created, which includes product assembly data management, assembly process traceability, and generation of a product assembly data package. Furthermore, the Digital Twin-based Assembly Process Management and Control System (DT-APMCS) was designed to verify the efficiency of the proposed approach. Some aerospace-related assembly enterprises are currently using DT-APMCS and achieving satisfactory results. Finally, a summary of our work is given, and the future research work is also discussed.     

我国蜂蜜产品行业概况及主要质量安全风险分析

我国是全球最大的蜂蜜生产国和出口国, 虽是生产大国, 但我国蜂蜜生产企业绝大多数以中小型企业为主。本文就我国蜂蜜产品的行业概况、标准体系情况以及产品的主要质量安全风险进行分析, 建议监管部门出台相关监管政策, 进一步落实企业主体责任, 从源头防控蜂蜜产品风险。     

Qualification of an ultrasonic flow meter as a transfer standard for measurements at Reynolds numbers up to 4×106 between NMIJ and PTB

The quality of any laboratory intercomparison depends to a large extent on the performance of the used flow meter. To find a flow meter that is capable of reaching a reproducibility better than 0.05% requires bounding all involved influence quantities down to the required level. The present paper describes the efforts performed while qualifying a time-of-flight ultrasonic flow meter as a transfer standard. It was determined that the most relevant influence quantity besides the flow profile within the bulk flow is the effect caused by the transducer pockets in the meter body. By taking advantage of a specially designed window chamber, it was possible to determine the magnitude of the errors introduced by the transducer pockets and to define, based on the findings, a procedure to perform a bilateral comparison between the hot water calibration facilities of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt and the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. The results of the bilateral comparison are presented.     

基于锶元素含量及其稳定同位素比值的库尔勒香梨产地鉴别

开展锶（Sr）元素含量及其稳定同位素比值鉴别库尔勒香梨产地的可行性研究，明确新疆库尔勒香梨87Sr/86Sr同位素特征值，为库尔勒香梨产地真实性鉴别提供科学依据。以陕西红香酥梨和甘肃香梨作为对照，借助电感耦合等离子质谱分析新疆库尔勒香梨与对照样品及其对应果园土壤的Sr元素含量，采用多接收器电感耦合等离子质谱分析库尔勒香梨果皮与果肉87Sr/86Sr同位素比值。通过方差分析比较不同产地、不同年际土壤及果实中Sr元素含量的差异，探讨果实与土壤Sr元素含量的相关关系，以及不同产地果实87Sr/86Sr同位素比值与Sr元素含量的分布特征。结果表明：新疆、甘肃、陕西共3 个产地梨园土壤Sr含量存在显著差异（P＜0.05），不同年际间梨园土壤Sr含量不存在显著差异。果皮与果肉Sr元素含量存在极显著相关（P＜0.01），但二者与土壤Sr元素含量均不存在显著相关。3 个产地梨果肉/果皮Sr含量不存在显著差异。3 个产地87Sr/86Sr同位素比值存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。果皮Sr同位素更适合用于库尔勒香梨产地鉴别研究。本实验通过稳定同位素技术为库尔勒香梨产地鉴别提供参考。     

基于物联网无线射频技术的进口葡萄酒安全监管溯源系统设计

本文是基于物联网（RFID）技术，分别通过业务功能设计、框架设计、流程设计和系统应用，构建了一套进口葡萄酒溯源体系，实现了进口葡萄酒从葡萄庄园，葡萄酒酿造者，运输用酒桶，灌装或包装，进出口检验检疫监管、口岸中转、通关、配送等的全过程信息采集、记录和整理，实现了严密监管与源头可溯，能与国际食品安全监管追溯体系接轨，为葡萄酒全溯源提供技术支持。本研究将物联网技术应用于进口葡萄酒行业，借助其提供的数据信息，服务于葡萄原料种植企业、生产企业、流通企业、监管部门和消费者，对加快通关和葡萄酒全供应链溯源监均都具有一定意义。     

动态书法墨迹的可回溯感评测

目的 可回溯感是艺术欣赏和临摹时产生的一种审美感受,即在审美过程中想象地再现原作的创作行为,是书法艺术凸显的审美心理现象。在计算机书法的研究中,鲜有研究以动画效果增强书法可回溯感,且缺少关于可回溯感的量化评估方法。因此,本文结合心理感知实验提出可回溯感的测评方法,并探究动态墨迹效果对书法作品可回溯感的影响。方法 首先将可回溯感分解为两种心理因素：顺序感和运动感。然后针对动态书法形式应用粒子动画制作7种不同墨迹效果,并设计心理感知实验对书法作品的可回溯感进行测量,即对选定标记点的运笔顺序进行排列以及对其运笔方向和相对速率进行估计。最后比较原作和动态书法可回溯感的差异,分析动态墨迹对书法作品可回溯感的影响。结果 实验结果证明测评方法是可行的,并发现恰当运用动态墨迹效果,即沿笔迹流动的墨迹动画,可以改进作品的运动感、显著增强顺序感以及提升可回溯感,反之则不能。若混入逆向流动墨迹效果,会削弱其提升顺序感的效用,但减弱的程度与正逆向墨迹的比例并非线性关系。结论 运笔顺序和笔触运动感知的评测方法可以有效量化视觉艺术品的可回溯感,为书法欣赏和临摹过程的研究提供实证方法。动态墨迹的设计也可用于增进书法的艺术化呈现,特别是增强其可回溯感。     

基于深度信念网络的计量装置故障溯源研究

针对电网海量大数据中存在异常的电表数据,提出了一种基于深度信念网络的计量装置故障溯源模型。首先,分析了深度信念网络（DBN）模型基本原理,提出了一种智能电表故障分类DBN结构模型,并给出了计量装置故障溯源建模流程;然后,通过建立离线台账样本库、实时用电曲线故障特征样本库,实现了计量装置故障样本库构建;最后,基于实际电表测试和数据异常识别,完成了计量装置的台账样本库溯源测试,并与已有的贝叶斯、决策树、随机森林、决策树提升等分类算法进行比较,测试结果验证了所提模型和方法的正确性和有效性。     

基于UCC/EAN-128条码的农产品质量追溯标签的设计与实现

为实现对农产品"从农田到餐桌"的全方位的监控,在对EAN·UCC全球统一标识体系研究的基础上,制定了农产品编码标准,同时结合农产品供应链的实际情况,设计了农产品追溯条码,并基于.net平台实现了农产品追溯标签的自动生成.     

化工仪表及自动化教学中的溯源学习和调研实践

化工仪表及自动化课程涉及的知识面广,内容繁杂,技术的新老交替,更新较快,应该了解和认识检测仪表和自动化技术发展的历史,把握其内在的发展规律;同时针对该课程的实际应用性较强的特点,安排设置调研实践活动,以充分实现理论联系实际的教学目标。     

Traceability as a means to investigate supply chain sustainability: the real case of a leather shoe supply chain

In recent years, the growing attention to environmental challenges has shown that these issues are becoming of more and more interest to both research and industry. Companies are expected to ensure their products are fully traceable and more sustainable, which requires the involvement of all of the actors in the production network. According to this aim, this study proposes a structured approach that uses the traditional traceability concept as a means to identify the main information needed to assess environmental impacts along the whole supply chain (SC). The proposed approach is composed of four main steps: (i) SC modelling to identify all stakeholders and their inter-relations, (ii) data sharing to collect all relevant data, (iii) data elaboration to calculate performance at different levels of detail and (iv) result interpretation to optimise the SC. The distributed implementation of the approach at different SC steps represents a useful means to practically realise a sustainable SC management. A case study involving a leather shoe SC is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in identifying criticalities, supporting the selection of the most appropriate suppliers and correctly setting a management strategy towards the optimisation of internal and external traceability and environmental sustainability performances.