基于ADV的推流式曝气池流场特性研究

曝气池内横向水流对气泡的生成过程有明显的影响,曝气对池内流场也有明显影响。为进一步研究曝气池内流场特性,采用声学多普勒流速仪（ADV）对大尺度Orbal曝气池模型内的流场特性进行了实验研究。结果表明：水流经过弯道后流速分布呈现出内侧小、外侧大的特点,且存在横向流速;进入直段后,流速分布不断调整,内、外侧水流流速差减小,且较浅水深时,流速调整较快。开启曝气盘后与清水时相比,曝气盘上游断面,近水面处流速减小,水面下较深处流速增大;曝气盘下游断面,近水面处流速增大,水面下较深处流速减小;曝气盘下游紊动强度明显增强。     

某水电站坝址区松动岩体开挖加固效果初探

结合西南某水电站坝址区松动岩体初步拟定的开挖加固方案，基于极限平衡法和强度折减理论，采用Geo—studio和FLAC软件对该松动体进行了二维和三维数值模拟，分别计算了开挖加固前后四种工况的安全系数，最后对开挖加固方案进行了初步评价并提出了建议。     

Experimental study of the interaction between the spark-induced cavitation bubble and the air bubble

Experiments are carried out by using high-speed photography to investigate the interaction between the spark-generated cavitation bubble and the air bubble in its surrounding fluid. Three problems are discussed in detail： the impact of the air bubble upon the development of the cavitation bubble, the evolution of the air bubble under the influence of the cavitation bubble, and the change of the fluid pressure during the development of a micro jet of the cavitation bubble. Based on the experimental results, under the condition of no air bubble present, the lifetime of the cavitation bubble from expansion to contraction increases with the increase of the maximum radius. On the other hand, when there is an air bubble present, different sized cavitation bubbles have similarity with one another generally in terms of the lifetime from expansion to contraction, which does not depend on the maximum radius. Also, with the presence of an air bubble, the lifetime of the smaller cavitation bubble is extended while that of the bigger ones reduced. Furthermore, it is shown in the experiment that the low pressure formed in the opposite direction to the cavitation bubble micro jet makes the air bubble in the low pressure area being stretched into a steplike shape.     

桐子林水电站明渠弯道流场三维数值模拟

采用κ～ε紊流模型结合自由面追踪的VOF方法对桐子林水电站明渠弯道消力池流场进行了三维数值模拟,并与物理模型试验值进行了比较,结果表明,计算值与试验值吻合良好.数值模拟获得了物理模型试验难以测量的流场详细信息,尤其是横向紊动特性及其发展演变的过程,结果令人满意.计算结果为导流明渠体型优化提供了重要参考,表明数值模拟应用于导流建筑物的体型优化研究中具有独特优势.