改进的遗传算法在同步器优化中的应用

汽车同步器是自动变速器的重要组成部分.对同步器的模拟优化能为同步器的设计生产提供重要的参考.为了获得一个较好的优化效果,提出了一种改进的遗传算法.通过对遗传算法选择过程的标准进行了改进,结合适应度函数与染色体之间差异,形成一种新的适应度函数.该函数同时考虑了选择压力和物种多样性.通过对函数中两个常量的调整,可以使算法在不同情况下可以有不同的偏重.引入两种典型测试函数的分别从高纬度变量和低纬度变量进行试验,分析改进算法中两个影响因子的作用.并与几类遗传算法进行比较,结果表明该改进的遗传算法能更快更稳定的找到较优的解.最后将改进选择策略结合自适应遗传算法对同步器进行优化,证明了该选择策略具有良好的鲁棒性和实效性.     

某取排水车180°铰接式弯管优化分析

为了解决新型铰接式弯管的变形问题,利用ANSYS软件对铰接式弯管进行建模和流固耦合分析,发现原始弯管两侧中部内凹、弯径增大、最大应力超过许用应力,据此提出了导流器错位排布方案.结果 表明:采用方案三错位排布导流器方案、将导流器间距设为70 mm时得到最优方案,优化后的弯管4最大应力由178.12 MPa降低到92.4 MPa、降低了52％,弯管12最大应力由289.52 MPa降低到135.4 MPa、降低了47％,取得了较好的优化效果,为180°弯管导流器设计提供了一种新方案.     

氧化装置卧螺离心机故障停机的原因浅析

针对乌鲁木齐石化公司氧化装置卧式螺旋离心机的故障停车原因进行了分析及总结,明确了该项工作实施的实际效果及其重大意义.     

基于MF-DCCA 的呼吸道疾病与大气污染物相关性分析

针对呼吸道系统疾病与大气 PM2:5、 SO2 浓度序列的相关性特征, 应用多重分形消除趋势波动分析法 (MF-DCCA), 对张家界市永定区呼吸道系统疾病患病人数与大气 PM2:5、 SO2 浓度序列进行了研究。结果发现该地区 呼吸道系统疾病患病人数与大气 PM2:5、 SO2 浓度的相关性具有长期持续特征和多重分形特征。随后对它们相关性 多重分形特征的动力来源进行了分析, 通过随机重排和相位随机处理, 结果表明在不同时间尺度上的长期持续性影响 是其主要动力来源。进一步研究发现该地区呼吸道系统疾病与大气 PM2:5、 SO2 浓度序列的相关性在四个季节均具 有长期持续性的多重分形特征, 且夏季多重分形特征相对强于其他季节。     

4,6-二氯嘧啶合成工艺研究

4,6-二氯嘧啶是一种重要的化工中间体.研究了反应温度、溶剂种类、催化剂种类、催化剂用量和反应物投料配比在4,6-二氯嘧啶合成过程中对反应的影响.结果 表明,在以邻硝基甲苯为溶剂,苄基三乙基氯化铵为催化剂,且催化剂用量为4,6-二羟基嘧啶质量的2％,n(4,6-二羟基嘧啶):n(三光气)=1∶0.8,反应温度为100～110℃的最佳条件下,产品收率可以达到93.4％.     

圆型限制性三体问题的动力学特征

禁行域在圆型限制性三体问题中对第三体的运动有极为重要的影响. 利用零速度曲线讨论天体禁行域与系统参数之间的关系. 禁行域与雅可比常数有关，且能影响天体的运动区域和轨道构型. 利用最大李雅普诺夫指数寻找该模型的混沌轨道，给出混沌轨道在不同系统参数下随天体初始位置的分布. 这些分布说明，当第三天体从两主天体连线的中点处释放时，容易产生混沌运动；当质量参量足够小时，体系无法产生混沌现象.     

Freeze-drying and mechanical redispersion of aqueous PEDOT:PSS

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films are attracting famous applications in antistatic coating, energy storage and conversion, printed electronics, and biomedical fields due to their conductivity, optical transparency and flexibility. However, PEDOT:PSS has poor dispersion stability during long-term storage and transport. Moreover, the dried PEDOT:PSS films are insoluble in any solvent and cannot be redispersed again. In comparison to bake drying, here, a feasible strategy to achieve mechanically redispersed PEDOT:PSS with the help of freeze-drying process was reported. The redispersed PEDOT:PSS can recover not only the initial characters such as pH, chemical composition, viscosity, and particle size under similar solid contents, but also conductivity and surface morphology of treated films. In addition, the treated film exhibits self-healing properties similar to pristine film in terms of mechanical and electrical properties. This technology enables reuse and overcomes the technical problems of PEDOT:PSS dispersion, realizing real-time processing to meet variable applications.     

ZIF-12在检测抗坏血酸和L-色氨酸中的应用

采用室温搅拌法合成分子筛咪唑框架-12(ZIF-12),对其进行了X-射线衍射、电镜扫描和红外表征.将其制备成ZIF-12/gelatin/GCE电化学传感器,并采用循环伏安法对检测抗坏血酸、L-色氨酸及抗坏血酸和L-色氨酸进行同步检测.结果表明,ZIF-12作为电化学传感器材料应用于对抗坏血酸、L-色氨酸及抗坏血酸和L-色氨酸的同步检测,有良好的电化学响应.     

风荷载对高耸电塔拆除爆破影响研究及实践

为安全拆除爆破某百米高混凝土电塔,在电塔倒塌方向偏转角理论推导分析的基础上,研究了风荷载对电塔倒塌方向的影响规律,并组织了拆除爆破施工.研究表明,当预设倒塌方向与风向一致时,对塔体倒塌方向影响最大;随着基本风速的增加,塔体倒塌偏转角逐渐增大,当基本风速在12 m/s以内时,倒塌偏转角可控制在3.2°以内;当基本风速为7.5～8.5 m/s时,应考虑横风向共振效应的影响.通过精心的设计、施工,实际电塔倒塌偏转角度控制在理论分析范围内.该成功案例对类似高耸建筑物爆破拆除具有一定借鉴作用.     

Nacre-Inspired,Liquid Metal-Based Ultrasensitive Electronic Skin by Spatially Regulated Cracking Strategy

The realization of liquid metal-based wearable systems will be a milestone toward high-performance, integrated electronic skin. However, despite the revolutionary progress achieved in many other components of electronic skin, liquid metal-based flexible sensors still suffer from poor sensitivity due to the insufficient resistance change of liquid metal to deformation. Herein, a nacre-inspired architecture composed of a biphasic pattern (liquid metal with Cr/Cu underlayer) as “bricks” and strain-sensitive Ag film as “mortar” is developed, which breaks the long-standing sensitivity bottleneck of liquid metal-based electronic skin. With 2 orders of magnitude of sensitivity amplification while maintaining wide (>85%) working range, for the first time, liquid metal-based strain sensors rival the state-of-art counterparts. This liquid metal composite features spatially regulated cracking behavior. On the one hand, hard Cr cells locally modulate the strain distribution, which avoids premature cut-through cracks and prolongs the defect propagation in the adjacent Ag film. On the other hand, the separated liquid metal cells prevent unfavorable continuous liquid-metal paths and create crack-free regions during strain. Demonstrated in diverse scenarios, the proposed design concept may spark more applications of ultrasensitive liquid metal-based electronic skins, and reveals a pathway for sensor development via crack engineering.