基于Legendre多项式的随机连续系统的Markov参数估计

本文在讨论连续Ｗｉｓｅｎｒ过程的Ｌｅｇｅｎｄｒｅ多项式逼近值的相关性和Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ过程扰动下连续线性系统基于该正交多项的最小二乘估计有偏性后，提出了无偏一致的且数估计误差方差最小的Ｍａｒｋｏｖ估计（最小方差估计）算法，并给出本文方法的仿真结果。     

甲烷磺酰氯的合成研究

阐述了利用二甲基二硫在相转移催化剂作用下，于盐酸介质中经氯气直接氧化，一步合成甲烷磺酰氯的工艺过程，讨论了几个主要反应因素对产物收率的影响，确定了适宜的工艺条件。表明了产品的检测方法     

Dynamic mechanical,rheological, and morphological studies of polyacrylate-graft-poly (vinyl chloride) suspension resin

A series of polyacrylate-graft-poly (vinyl chloride) (ACR-g-PVC) resins were prepared through suspension graft copolymerization. Three kinds of polyacrylate latices were grafted by vinyl chloride using suspension polymerization method at 57 ± 0.1°C, respectively. The dynamic mechanical and rheological properties and the morphology of the resulting ACR-g-PVC resins were investigated. Poly (butyl acrylate)-graft-poly (vinyl chloride) (PBA-g-PVC) resin exhibited better toughness, and the optimized content of PBA in ACR-g-PVC resin was 6–8 wt%. The melt viscosity of ACR-g-PVC resin was much lower than that of pure PVC. The nature of the fracture surfaces of ACR-g-PVC material indicated that it has good toughness. The impact strength of the PBA-g-PVC material was greatly improved compared with that of pure PVC. The Young's modulus of the ACR-g-PVC material containing less than 15 wt% of PBA was comparable to that of pure PVC according to their dynamic mechanical analysis curves. For all of the ACR-g-PVC resins, there were two individual relaxations in the low-temperature range. One was β transition of PVC, and the other was α transition of ACR. The glass transition temperature of PVC in the ACR-g-PVC resin shifted to lower temperature when the content of the PBA was above 50 wt%. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:996–1003, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Cyt-C Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway Plays an Important Role in Oocyte Apoptosis in Ricefield Eel (Monopterus albus)

Apoptosis plays a key role in the effective removal of excessive and defective germ cells, which is essential for sequential hermaphroditism and sex change in vertebrates. The ricefield eel, Monopterus albus is a protogynous hermaphroditic fish that undergoes a sequential sex change from female to male. Previous studies have demonstrated that apoptosis is involved in sex change in M. albus. However, the apoptotic signaling pathway is unclear. In the current study, we explored the underlying mechanism of apoptosis during gonadal development and focused on the role of the mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway in sex change in M. albus. Flow cytometry was performed to detect apoptosis in gonads at five sexual stages and ovary tissues exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in vitro. Then the expression patterns of key genes and proteins in the mitochondrial pathway, death receptor pathway and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathway were examined. The results showed that the apoptosis rate was significantly increased in the early intersexual stage and then decreased with the natural sex change from female to male. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that bax, tnfr1, and calpain were mainly expressed in the five stages. ELISA demonstrated that the relative content of cytochrome-c (cyt-c) in the mitochondrial pathway was significantly higher than that of caspase8 and caspase12, with a peak in the early intersexual stage, while the levels of caspase8 and caspase12 peaked in the late intersexual stage. Interestingly, the Pearson’s coefficient between cyt-c and the apoptosis rate was 0.705, which suggests that these factors are closely related during the gonadal development of M. albus. Furthermore, the cyt-c signal was found to be increased in the intersexual stage by immunohistochemistry. After incubation with H₂O₂, the mRNA expression of mitochondrial pathway molecules such as bax, apaf-1, and caspase3 increased in ovary tissues. In conclusion, the present results suggest that the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway may play a more important role than the other apoptotic pathways in sex change in M. albus.     

Expression Patterns and Gonadotropin Regulation of the TGF-β II Receptor (Bmpr2) during Ovarian Development in the Ricefield Eel Monopterus albus

Bmpr2 plays a central role in the regulation of reproductive development in mammals, but its role during ovarian development in fish is still unclear. To ascertain the function of bmpr2 in ovarian development in the ricefield eel, we isolated and characterized the bmpr2 cDNA sequence; the localization of Bmpr2 protein was determined by immunohistochemical staining; and the expression patterns of bmpr2 in ovarian tissue incubated with FSH and hCG in vitro were analyzed. The full-length bmpr2 cDNA was 3311 bp, with 1061 amino acids encoded. Compared to other tissues, bmpr2 was abundantly expressed in the ovary and highly expressed in the early yolk accumulation (EV) stages of the ovary. In addition, a positive signal for Bmpr2 was detected in the cytoplasm of oocytes in primary growth (PG) and EV stages. In vitro, the expression level of gdf9, the ligand of bmpr2, in the 10 ng/mL FSH treatment group was significantly higher after incubation for 4 h than after incubation for different durations. However, bmpr2 expression in the 10 ng/mL FSH treatment group at 2 h, 4 h and 10 h was significantly lower. Importantly, the expression level of bmpr2 and gdf9 in the 100 IU/mL hCG group had similar changes that were significantly decreased at 4 h and 10 h. In summary, Bmpr2 might play a pivotal role in ovarian growth in the ricefield eel, and these results provide a better understanding of the function of bmpr2 in ovarian development and the basic data for further exploration of the regulatory mechanism of gdf9 in oocyte development.     

侧向土体影响下盾构隧道引起上覆管线变形

目前盾构隧道开挖对邻近管线影响的理论研究一般基于Winkler地基模型和Pasternak地基模型,较少考虑精度更高的Kerr地基模型及管线侧向土体影响对管线变形的约束作用. 将管线简化成Euler-Bernoulli梁搁置在Kerr地基模型上,利用差分法得到盾构隧道引起上覆管线竖向位移半解析解,在此基础上进一步推导考虑管线侧向土体影响的Kerr地基模型差分解. 通过与已有工程案例和离心机数据对比,验证Kerr地基模型相比于其他地基模型的优越性,也验证了考虑管线侧向土体影响的Kerr地基模型计算结果更加符合实测数据. 参数分析表明, 随着隧道开挖地层损失率和土体弹性模量的增大,管线的竖向位移和弯矩均增大;随着管线与隧道夹角的增大,管线的竖向位移和弯矩均减小.     

基于顶点存储类型的多边形填充算法

提出了一种基于顶点存储类型的多边形填充算法。该算法将多边形顶点和新生成的交点划分为三种类型进行存储,然后由过顶点的扫描线将多边形分割成若干个梯形区域分别进行填充。此算法只涉及过顶点的扫描线,且多边行边上的像素点坐标可以直接从边的直线方程中获得,从而使得该算法大大降低了计算的复杂性。     

弹簧浮置板减振措施对地铁下穿不同结构建筑物振动影响实测及分析

不同结构形式对地铁振动的响应不同,文中通过现场振动测试,对比分析了地铁轨道在弹簧浮置板减振措施下,地铁运行时地铁站台和下穿建筑物的振动响应.通过分析超高层建筑桩筏基础和低层建筑筏板基础的振动响应,总结出了不同基础形式和上部结构的减振效果.结果 表明桩筏基础对减小地铁振动产生的竖向加速度有较好的效果,优于筏板基础,通过1...     

三相VSR的一种改进型前馈补偿控制策略研究

根据三相电压型PWM整流器(VSR)工作原理,工程上常采用传统的电压电流双闭环控制系统,其存在启动时电压过冲、抗干扰能力弱、功率因数降低等问题。为此,提出了在电流内环引入有功电压前馈补偿,在电压外环引入负载电流前馈补偿的控制思想,优化了dq坐标系下的电压电流双闭环控制策略,抑制了启动过程中的电压过冲、增强了系统的抗干扰能力,提高了功率因数。最后通过Matlab/Simulink软件仿真分析,仿真结果验证了改进后的控制策略的可行性和有效性。     

Manufacturing of advanced smart tooling for metal forming

Forming is widely used due to its high efficiency in material utilization and its high production rate in general. Most forming processes control the geometry of final products through a set of tooling. The increasing demands on lightweight products have challenged the performances and functionalities of tooling. This paper provides a systematic review of recent advancements related to tooling performance and functionalities, including tool materials, tooling fabrication processes (e.g., machining, heat treatment, coating, surface texturing, and additive manufacturing), sensing, and data analytics. Finally, recommendations on future research directions for metal forming tooling are provided.