中空激光光内送粉熔池温度控制研究

在激光增材制造过程中,熔池温度的稳定性是表征加工过程稳定性的一个重要指标.设计一套控制熔池温度的闭环反馈系统,以达到控制熔池温度,提高成形件质量.基于C#编程软件实现了温度信号的传递,采用PID控制算法设计了温度控制器.实验结果表明,此系统能实时、准确地实现熔池温度的闭环控制,能够有效消除直壁墙熔覆过程中因热累积而造成的“蘑菇云”现象,且成形件几何精度有显著提高,各处显微组织差异较小,组织致密均匀.     

The bottom-up synthesis for aramid nanofibers: The influence of copolymerization

Aramid based on poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) is widely concerned as high-performance materials. Herein, copolymerized aramid nanofibers (CANFs) were prepared for the first time by a direct bottom-up polymerization method without additives. Three kinds of third monomers of m-phenylenediamine, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, and 2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine were separately copolymerized in PPTA and transformed into nanofiber dispersions in water medium. The characterization results revealed the relationship between the morphology of products and the structure as well as dosages of the different kinds of monomers, which was explained by the influence on conjugate regularities of the PPTA molecules. Furthermore, CANFs were used to build aramid paper blended in pure PPTA nanofibers, and the mechanical and insulation properties of composite paper were improved significantly, which would be of potential use as the new building block for aramid composite materials.     

基于卡滞响应的翼面偏转自动切换技术

为了验证水陆两栖飞机结构对CCAR-25-R4部25.305,25.307条款要求的符合性,要求当全机加载到限制载荷时,需要在规定时间内一次性获取活动翼面的最大正负偏角。针对此问题,提出了基于卡滞响应的翼面偏转自动切换技术,并将该方法应用于大型灭火/水上救援水陆两栖飞机稳定俯仰2.5 g工况限制载荷静力试验中,顺利完成了试验。试验结果表明,该方法是可行和有效的,同时为后续试验提供技术支撑。     

Synthesis and Preliminary Evaluation of 11C-Labeled VU0467485/AZ13713945 and Its Analogues for Imaging Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtype 4

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have five distinct subunits (M₁–M₅) and are involved in the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system. Attributed to the promising clinical efficacy of xanomeline, an M₁/M₄-preferring agonist, in patients of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease, M₁- or M₄-selective mAChR modulators have been developed that target the topographically distinct allosteric sites. Herein we report the synthesis and preliminary evaluation of ¹¹C-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) ligands based on a validated M₄R positive allosteric modulator VU0467485 (AZ13713945) to facilitate drug discovery. [¹¹C]VU0467485 and two other ligands were prepared in high radiochemical yields (>30 %, decay-corrected) with high radiochemical purity (>99 %) and high molar activity (>74 GBq μmol⁻¹). In vitro autoradiography studies indicated that these three ligands possess moderate-to-high in vitro specific binding to M₄R. Nevertheless, further physiochemical property optimization is necessary to overcome the challenges associated with limited brain permeability.     

Research on corrosion performance of 6061 aluminum alloy in salt spray environment

Salt spray corrosion test was carried out on 6061 aluminum alloy, and quasi-static tensile test at room temperature was carried out on the sample with universal testing machine. The effect of salt spray corrosion on the mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and electrochemistry. The corrosion rate of 6061 aluminum alloy was quantitatively characterized by different corrosion parameters. It was found that local corrosion of 6061 aluminum alloy occurred in salt spray environment, mainly pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion. With the increase of corrosion time, the polarization resistance of 6061 aluminum alloy decreases, and the corrosion rate significantly increases. The average corrosion rate and the maximum corrosion rate of 6061 aluminum alloy were characterized by corrosion weight loss and corrosion pit depth. And they can be transformed into each other. The mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy were mainly affected by the depth of corrosion pit. With the increase of corrosion time, the tensile strength and fracture strain decreased, resulting in poor plasticity of the sample. At the same time, the change of elongation of 6061 aluminum alloy can be accurately predicted by the depth of corrosion pit.     

基于ANSYS及加速寿命试验台对油缸单耳环活塞杆杆头断裂进行设计改进

该文对某工程机械油缸单耳环活塞杆杆头断裂进行失效分析,提出了在毛坯锻造工艺满足设计要求的条件下,单耳环活塞杆杆头变截面处应力集中导致残余应力过大,是单耳环活塞杆杆头断裂的主要原因。从这方面出发,优化了单耳环活塞杆杆头变截面处的残余应力,通过ANSYS软件对优化后的结构进行应力分析,并用油缸加速寿命可靠性试验台做2F台架实验和整机多批次小批量试装来验证改进措施的有效性,最终提高了油缸单耳环活塞杆杆头在极限工况下抗疲劳的强度。     

Steam reforming of ethanol over skeletal Ni‐based catalysts: A temperature programmed desorption and kinetic study

An investigation on reaction scheme and kinetics for ethanol steam reforming on skeletal nickel catalysts is described. Catalytic activity of skeletal nickel catalyst for low‐temperature steam reforming has been studied in detail, and the reasons for its high reactivity for H₂ production are attained by probe reactions. Higher activity of water gas shift reaction and methanation contributes to the low CO selectivity. Cu and Pt addition can promote WGSR and suppress methanation, and, thus, improve H₂ production. A reaction scheme on skeletal nickel catalyst has been proposed through temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy experiments. An Eley‐Rideal model is put forward for kinetic studies, which contains three surface reactions: ethanol decomposition, water gas shift reaction, and methane steam reforming reaction. The kinetics was studied at 300–400°C using a randomized algorithms method and a least‐squares method to solve the differential equations and fit the experimental data; the goodness of fit obtained with this model is above 0.95. The activation energies for the ethanol decomposition, methane steam reforming, and water gas shift reaction are 187.7 kJ/mol, 138.5 kJ/mol and 52.8 kJ/mol, respectively. Thus, ethanol decomposition was determined to be the rate determining reaction of ethanol steam reforming on skeletal nickel catalysts. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J 60: 635–644, 2014     

Pd-20W合金的热压缩变形行为和显微组织

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对Pd-20W合金进行热压缩试验,研究了合金在变形温度1000~1200 ℃、应变速率0.001~1.000 s^-1条件下的流变应力以及变形过程中的显微组织。结果表明,合金的流变应力在变形初期随着真应变的增大快速上升,出现峰值应力后逐渐下降并达到稳态或略有下降。该合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为可用Zener-hollomon参数来描述,拟合计算得到了该材料的形变激活能等参数,获得流变应力的本构方程。热压缩变形后合金组织呈现一定程度的协同变形特征,晶界动态再结晶趋势增强,合金的主要软化机制为动态再结晶,表现出典型的应变诱发晶界形核机制特点。     

不均匀性抑制Zr基块状金属玻璃的脆化

研究了Zr_47.25Cu_47.25Al_5.5块状金属玻璃(BMG)在铸态和不同退火时间下的室温压缩塑性与微观结构之间的关系。结果表明,Zr_47.25Cu_47.25Al_5.5BMG具有3.96%的压缩塑性,经过0.5、1.5、3和6 h退火后,该合金的压缩塑性均有所提升。在0.5 h退火后,压缩塑性达到最高(5.84%)。铸态Zr_47.25Cu_47.25Al_5.5BMG的微观结构呈现出5 nm左右网状分布。经过6 h退火后,富Cu的网状区域尺寸为50 nm左右,并伴有少量晶化。这种微观结构的不均匀性使该铸态合金在室温具有一定的塑性,同时抑制了其在退火中因自由体积减小而导致的脆化。     

运输类飞机全机操纵系统功能检查试验技术研究及应用

运输类飞机驾驶舱位于机头内部,常规的试验加载设备难以固定,在全机操纵系统功能检查试验中如何准确地模拟飞行员对机械操纵装置加载成为该类试验亟待解决的问题。为了达到考核飞机结构静强度的同时实现舵面的功能检查,提出一种全新的全机静力试验舵面功能检查试验技术。通过驾驶盘双向大转角加载技术、基于响应的载荷谱自动切换技术及多向转角实时监测技术等模拟飞行员操纵过程及舵面受载情况,获得操纵力曲线及舵面响应曲线,成功解决了试验中的加载、控制及测量问题。最后以大型灭火/水上救援水陆两栖飞机操纵系统功能检查试验为研究对象,采用新方法顺利完成了试验,因此该方法满足试验要求。