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1.
为研究雷达功率组件金刚石微通道热沉的加工难题,开展了飞秒激光加工多晶金刚石微流道的工艺研究,仿真模拟了飞秒激光作用于金刚石表面的温度场分布,以及诱导去除过程,理论与实验研究了金刚石的烧蚀阈值,系统研究了激光能量、扫描速度、扫描次数、焦点位置等参量及其优化工艺参数对金刚石微槽尺寸的影响规律。结果表明:当飞秒激光功率大于0.3 W时,激光作用于金刚石的最高温度超过材料去除的气化温度,温度最高位置处于光斑中心,功率不会改变温度场的分布情形;飞秒激光加工金刚石的烧蚀阈值为1.80 J/cm2,金刚石微槽深度与激光功率、扫描次数正相关,与扫描速度负相关,与正负离焦量基本成对称分布关系,而金刚石微槽表面宽度则变化不明显;在激光功率为5 W,扫描速度为100 mm/s,扫描次数为30,离焦量为-0.5 mm的优化参数下,加工出的金刚石微槽结构形状规则,截面侧壁锥度控制在3°以内,表面无残渣、裂纹、崩边等缺陷,且内部也无裂纹等缺陷,加工一致性较高,实现了微通道的 “冷”加工,可满足雷达功率组件金刚石热沉对微通道的高质量加工要求。  相似文献   
2.
通过一步热聚合法制备纳米碳颗粒/氮化碳复合材料,利用XRD、FTIR、TEM、DRS、PL等手段对纳米碳颗粒/氮化碳进行了系统表征,并考察其光催化降解罗丹明B的光催化性能。结果表明,纳米碳颗粒的负载可以显著改善复合材料的可见光吸收能力及光生电子/空穴的分离效率,当加入纳米碳颗粒的质量为10 mg时,所得到的纳米碳颗粒/氮化碳2在20 min内对罗丹明B的降解率可以达到96.5%,明显优于纯氮化碳材料。此外,纳米碳颗粒/氮化碳复合材料还表现出良好的稳定性。  相似文献   
3.
With the blossom of information industry, electromagnetic wave technology shows increasingly potential in many fields. Nevertheless, the trouble caused by electromagnetic waves has also drawn extensive attention. For instance, electromagnetic pollution can threaten information safety in vital fields and the normal function of delicate electronic devices. Consequently, electromagnetic pollution and interference become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become a potential candidate to deal with these problems due to many advantages, such as high dielectric loss, remarkable thermodynamic stability, and low density. With the appearance of climbing demands, however, the carbon nanotubes combining various composites have shown greater prospects than the single CNTs in microwave absorbing materials. In this short review, recent advances in CNTs-based microwave absorbing materials were comprehensively discussed. Typically, we introduced the electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of CNTs-based microwave absorbing materials and generalized the development of CNTs-based microwave absorbers, including CNTs-based magnetic metal composites, CNTs-based ferrite composites, and CNTs-based polymer composites. Ultimately, the growing trend and bottleneck of CNTs-based composites for microwave absorption were analyzed to provide some available ideas to more scientific workers.  相似文献   
4.
煤层气地球化学的研究对象以甲烷为主。为了研究煤岩解吸的煤层气在解吸过程中发生碳同位素分馏作用,测试利用绳索取心煤岩样品在自主研发的煤层气/页岩气密封容器中连续解吸,每250 mL收集一次煤层气样品并进行碳同位素分析。实验结果表明:煤层气解吸前期,δ^13CPDB值基本上呈缓慢增加的趋势;当解吸气量增加到一定体积后,δ^13CPDB值迅速增高;解吸后期,δ^13CPDB值基本上又呈缓慢增加的趋势。在地面恒温解吸条件下,煤层气解吸的δ^13CPDB值随时间增加有逐渐增高的趋势,呈先慢后快再慢的过程。一般在煤层气解吸样品的同位素测试中,取解吸前期的气体进行测试,比实际同位素值稍微偏低。因此,在开展煤层气甲烷碳同位素在平面分布特征、成因和分馏机理等研究时需要适当考虑取样时间点这个因素。  相似文献   
5.
An on-site laboratory with direct access to cleaned and conditioned steel mill gases was recently put into operation. The long-term performance and stability of Clariant's MegaMax®800 methanol synthesis catalyst utilizing steel mill gases is currently being investigated. First test results revealed that in order to investigate deactivation mechanisms arising from particular properties of the cleaned steel mill gases, the overlaying effect of thermal deactivation of the catalyst has to be minimized.  相似文献   
6.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(21):29908-29918
The cellulose derived carbon/graphene/ZnO aerogel composite was prepared as an electrode in order to investigate the electrochemical properties. Carbon aerogel was synthesized using paper as an available cellulose source, and the composite was obtained through a new and simple preparation method including the immersion of monolithic carbon aerogel in graphene oxide/Zn2+ suspension and subsequent chemical reduction and freeze drying. The morphology, functional groups and crystalline structure of the samples were studied with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), respectively. Electrochemical performance of the prepared binder free electrodes was examined using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The data revealed that flexible carbon/graphene/ZnO composite resulted in a low density (0.035 g cm−3) electrode with the capacitance of 900 mF cm−2 at a high current density of 10 mA cm−2, lower IR drop and high cyclic stability (capacitance retention of 96%) after 1000 cycles, at 10 mA cm−2. These features were due to the presence of 3D porous conductive network, highly reduced graphene oxide, and the formation of ZnO nanoparticles on graphene sheets. Moreover, polyaniline (PANI) was introduced to carbon/graphene/ZnO composite electrode using electro-oxidation method at different reaction time and aniline concentration in order to achieve remarkably improved capacitance of 2500 mF cm−2 (at 10 mA cm−2) and low charge transfer resistance. Also, after the supercapacitor device assembly, the capacitance was retained. Based on the results, the synthesized composite is a promising material for new generation of lightweight freestanding electrodes with the high electrochemical performance.  相似文献   
7.
A novel carbon/m-HNTs composite aerogel was synthesized by introducing the modified halloysite nanotubes (m-HNTs) into phenolic (PR) aerogels through chemical grafting, followed with carbonization treatment. In order to explore the best proportion of HNTs to phenolic, the micromorphology of PR/m-HNTs were investigated by SEM before carbonization, confirming 10 wt% of m-HNTs is most beneficial to the porous network of aerogels. The interaction between PR and HNTs was studied by FTIR spectra, and microstructure evolution of the target product-carbon/m-HNTs composite aerogel were illustrated by SEM and TEM techniques. SEM patterns indicated that the carbon/m-HNTs aerogels maintain a stable porous structure at 1000 °C (carbonization temperature), while a ~20 nm carbon layer was formed around m-HNTs generating an integral unit through TEM analysis. Specific surface area and pore size distribution of composite aerogels were analyzed based on mercury intrusion porosimetry and N2 adsorption–desorption method, the obtained results stayed around 500 m2g?1 and 1.00 cm3g?1 (pore volume) without significant discrepancy, compared with pure aerogel, showing the uniformity of pore size. The weight loss rate (26.76%) decreased greatly compared with pure aerogel, at the same time, the best volumetric shrinkage rate was only 30.83%, contributed by the existence of HNTs supporting the neighbor structure to avoid over-shrinking. The highest compressive strength reached to 4.43 MPa, while the data of pure aerogel was only 1.52 MPa, demonstrating the excellent mechanical property of carbon/m-HNTs aerogels.  相似文献   
8.
由二氧化碳等温室气体排放引起的 全球气候变化已经成为本世纪人类面临的 最大挑战之一。习近平总书记在第75届联合 国大会一般性辩论上宣布了中国实现碳达 峰、碳中和的“30·60”目标,而探寻具有预 防性、低成本、长期效益的碳减排途径是兑 现我国气候承诺的前提与保证。首先分析了 中国当前以技术进步为核心的碳减排途径的 不完备性,提出结构调整式减排概念,并论 证了空间规划作为具有引领性的结构调整式 减排手段具有不可替代的碳约束作用,是达 成区域长远碳约束目标的系统性、根本性途 径。进而以“空间规划—城乡用地—碳排放 效应”为核心视角,对空间规划应具有的碳 减排的内在机制进行了分析,明确了空间规划 通过“边界管控”“用途管控”“位置管控”和 “指标管控”四种基本的调控手段作用于城 乡用地的规模、结构、布局和强度四个维度的 变化,形成对区域系统碳排放效应的控制。 最后从“确立碳管控主体”“核算碳排放效 应”及“制定碳约束方案”三方面构建起空间规划的碳排放约束框架,为空间规划履行碳约束职能、促进气候共同利益提出具体路径指导。  相似文献   
9.
In this paper the microstructure and mechanical properties of two different Cf/ZrB2-SiC composites reinforced with continuous PyC coated PAN-derived fibres or uncoated pitch-derived fibres were compared.Pitch-derived carbon fibres showed a lower degree of reaction with the matrix phase during sintering compared to PyC/PAN-derived fibres. The reason lies in the different microstructure of the carbon. The presence of a coating for PAN-derived fibres was found to be essential to limit the reaction at the fibre/matrix interface during SPS. However, coated bundles were more difficult to infiltrate, resulting in a less homogeneous microstructure.As far as the mechanical properties are concerned, specimens reinforced with coated PAN-derived fibres provided higher strengths and damage tolerance than uncoated pitch-derived fibres, due to the higher degree of fibre pull-out. On the other hand, the weaker fibre/matrix interface resulted in lower interlaminar shear, off-axis strength and ablation resistance.  相似文献   
10.
The extraction of raw materials is associated with energy input and CO2 emissions. What is obvious for extraction from mining, however, also applies to recycling. Mostly, recycling is preferred for reasons of climate protection or because of the geological scarcity of raw materials, which is controversially discussed. While in mining, the declining ore grade is a driver for the energy demand, in case of recycling it is the dissipation of materials into products or waste. As concentration decreases, the effort required also increases disproportionately. The “closing the loop” metaphor of Circular Economy is therefore inappropriate in its stricter meaning. It is rather about optimizing the overall system and finding the optimal recycling rate. However, first, it must be clarified what the political goals for Circular Economy are.  相似文献   
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